Unit 2: Part 1

Operational Amplifier: An operational amplifier is a DCcoupled high-gain electronic voltage amplifier with a
differential input and, usually, a single-ended output.
H-Bridge Motor Controller: The H-Bridge is designed to
drive a motor clockwise and anticlockwise. To reverse a
motor, the supply must be reversed and this is what the
H-Bridge does. An H-Bridge can be made with switches,
relays or transistors.
Hall Effect Sensor: A Hall Effect sensor is a transducer
that varies its output voltage in response to a magnetic
field. Hall effect sensors are used for proximity switching,
positioning, speed detection, and current sensing
applications. In its simplest form, the sensor operates as
an analog transducer, directly returning a voltage.
Passive Infrared Sensor: A passive infrared sensor (PIR
sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR)
light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are
most often used in PIR-based motion detectors.
IR Distance Sensor: For measuring the distance to an
object there are optical sensors using triangulation
measuring method.
555 Timer: The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip)
used in a variety of timer, pulse generation, and oscillator
applications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays,
as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives
provide up to four timing circuits in one package.
Voltage Regulators: A voltage regulator is designed to
automatically maintain a constant voltage level. A

voltage regulator may be a simple "feed-forward" design

or may include negative feedback control loops. It may
use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic
components.
Voltage Trigger: The Panasonic 1381 series of voltage
detectors activate at preset voltage levels.The letter
suffix after the 1381 determines the voltage it detects.
Opto-Isolator: An opto-isolator (also known as optical
coupler, optocoupler and opto-isolator) is a
semiconductor device that uses a short optical
transmission path to transfer an electrical signal between
circuits or elements of a circuit, while keeping them
electrically isolated from each other.
Photo-Transistor: A phototransistor is a light-sensitive
transistor. A common type of phototransistor, called a
photobipolar transistor, is in essence a bipolar transistor
encased in a transparent case so that light can reach the
basecollector junction.
By: Erica and dustin