CSMA/CD

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Friday, March 19, 2010 ASHUTOSH MISHRA 1

What Is CSMA ?
 CSMA/CD augments the algorithm to
handle the collision.
 In the CSMA/CD method, a station
monitors the medium after it sends a
frame to see of the transmission was
a successful. If so, the station is
finished. If, however, there is a
collision, the frame is sent again.

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To better understand CSMA/CD,
see following fig.

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Explanation of CSMA/CD in figure
 In the fig, the 1st bits transmitted by
the two stations involved in the
collision.
 Although each station continues to
send bits in the frame until it detects
the collision, it show what happens as
the first bits collide.
 In fig, station A and C are involved in
the collision.

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Cont………
 At t1, station A starts sending the bits of its frame.
 At time t2, station C hasn’t yet sensed the 1st bit sent
by A. it then start sending its bits of frame which
propagate both to the left and right.
 The collision occurs sometime after time t2. station C
detects a collision at time t3 when it receives the 1st
bit of A’s frame.
 Station C immediately abort transmission.
 Station A detects collision at time t4 when it receives
the 1st bit of C’s frame. It also immediately aborts
transmission.

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Cont……..
 One of the solution for the case of collision
in CSMA/CD method the minimum frame
size is determined so that the propagation
delay of a frame travel is reduced in order
to avoid collision with other frame.
 It is used in wireless (WI-FI and etc.).
 It is better than aloha in term of to
minimize the chance of collision occur.

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