Generations Of

Computers
Daniel Figueroa 11G

Introduction to Computers
Before computers the world was segregated to just pen
and paper. There needed to be some form of
communication that was not physical or something that
could even more than just communicate. There by, the
computer was born.

1930s
Charles Babbage
He was known by his
contributions to mechanical
computing. Also called the
father of computing.
Born:December 26,
1791,Teignmouth,United
Kingdom Died:October 18,
1871,Marylebone, United
Kingdom.

First generation
(1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes
The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry
They also used magnetic drums for memory
Were giant, and took a lot of room
The UNIVAC andENIACcomputers are examples of firstgeneration computing devices.
The UNIVAC was the first commercial computer delivered
to a business client, the U.S. Census Bureau in 1951.

Second generation
(1956-1963) Transistors
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes from the 1 st gen
The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see
widespread use in computers until the late 1950s.
It allowed to computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper,
more energy-efficient
Still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for
output
High-level programing languages were also being developed
at this time, such as early versions ofCOBOLandFORTRAN.

Third generation
(1964-1971) Integrated
Circuits
The development of theintegrated circuitwas the
hallmark of the third generation of computers.
Semiconductors: smaller transistors.
This increased speed and efficiency.
Punch cards replaced by keyboard, monitor, and interface.
Computers for the first time became accessible to a mass
audience because they were smaller and cheaper than
their predecessors.

Fourth generation
(1971-Present)
Microprocessors
Themicroprocessor: integrated circuits were built onto a
single silicon chip.
The 1st generation now fits in the palm of yo9ur hand
The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the
components of the computer
In 1981IBMintroduced its first computer for the home
user.
Fourth generation computers also saw the development of
GUIs themouseandhandhelddevices.

Fifth generation
(Present and Beyond) Artificial
Intelligence
Based on artificial intelligence
Voice recognition is and example of this generation
The use ofparallel processingand superconductors is
helping to make artificial intelligence a reality.
nanotechnologywill radically change the face of computers
in years to come.
The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices
that respond tonatural languageinput and are capable of
learning and self-organization.

The most significant advancement in

computer history:
Windows
19821985:
Microsoft works on the

first version of a new operating

system.Interface Manageris the code
name and is considered as the final
name, butWindowsprevails because it
best describes the boxes or computing
windows that are fundamental to the
new system. Windows is announced in
1983, but it takes a while to develop.
Skeptics call it vaporware.(
http://windows.microsoft.com/,
paragraph 1)

I think that computing is going places

only seen in cartoons before. Since this
is what we have mostly accomplished
already. I think that sometime soon, a
simple house computer or laptop will be
as strong as a human brain.

Bibliography
http://
windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/history#T1=era0
http://
www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Software/FiveG
enerations.asp#first-generation

The End
By Daniel Figueroa