Nutrition & Digestion

Chapter 29.1

Food
Provides:
Calories (fuel the body)
Carbohydrates
Made up of __________________

Protein
Made up of __________________

Fat (lipid)
Made up of __________________

Where are the carbohydrates,

proteins and fats?

Food
Provides
Other valuable ingredients
Minerals
Such as ____________________

Vitamins
Such as ____________________

Water

These do NOT provide calories

Function in enzymes, reactions, etc.

Whats going on in this

picture?

Food Processing
Its like the reverse of an assembly line
Steps:
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion

Almost an I.D.E.A. (actually I.D.A.E.)

What happens?
Steps:
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion

Mechanical vs. Chemical

Mechanical digestion
means what?

Chemical digestion
means what?

Where does
mechanical digestion
occur?

Where does chemical

digestion occur?

Mouth
Stage

Ingestion/digestion

Mechanical?

Yes

Chemical?

Yes

Enzymes

Amylase

Nutrient digested

carbohydrate

Pharynx
Stage

None (closest to
ingestion)

Mechanical?

No

Chemical?

No

Enzymes

None

Nutrient digested

None

Esophagus
Stage

None (closest to
ingestion)

Mechanical?

No

Chemical?

No

Enzymes

None

Nutrient digested

None

Stomach
Stage

Ingestion/digestion

Mechanical?

Yes

Chemical?

Yes

Enzymes

Pepsin
(works best in high acid)
environment

Nutrient digested

protein

Small Intestine
Stage

Ingestion/digestion

Mechanical?

No

Chemical?

Yes

Enzymes

Lactase & lipase

(plus many others)

Nutrient digested

Carbohydrate, protein,
and fat (lipids)

Large Intestine
Stage

Ingestion/digestion

Mechanical?

No

Chemical?

No

Enzymes

None

Nutrient digested

None

The names of food..

Accessory glands/organs
Are NOT part of the tube
Are attached to the tube
Secrete substances into the tube to help
with digestion
Glands/Organs:
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Liver

Accessory glands/organs
Gland

connected
to

Secretes

Helps
digest

Salivary

Mouth

Amylase

Carbs.

Pancreas

Small
intestine

Trypsin,
Lipase,
amylase

Carb.,
protein,
&fat

Gall
bladder

Small
intestine

Bile
(stores)

Fat

Liver

Small
intestine

Bile
(makes)

Fat

After digestion, is.

Absorption
Where do these molecules go?
Carbohydrates (now broken down into glucose)
Proteins (now broken down into amino acids)
Fats/lipids (now broken down into glycerol & fatty
acids)

What about whats left? Where does that go?

The poor large intestine

What is the function of the large

intestine?