F214 KIDNEYS AND EXCRETION

Q1. What is one of the main functions of the kidneys ?

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Q2. Label the diagram of the structure of a kidney

Q3a) Label diagram and then answer the following questions

b) What is a nephron ? ...........................................................

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i) describe how blood passes from the renal artery to the Bowmans capsule
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ii) What is the arteriole called that;
takes blood into the glomerulus ,.......................................
takes blood away from the glomerulus..........................
iii) Why is the blood in the glomerulus under high pressure and what is the function
of this?
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iv) How many layers do the liquid and small molecules have to pass through to get
into the renal capsule, Name them.
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v) What happens to large molecules like proteins and blood cells?
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vi) What are the liquid and small molecules now called ? ..
vii) What happens as they pass along the nephron ?
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viii) What is this process called ? .....................................
ix) Draw a diagram to show this

x) How does the fltrate pass out of the kidney ?

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Q4a) Where does selective reabsorption take place ?
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b) What happens during this process ?.............................
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c) How are the PCT adapted fro this process ?................
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di) Name the useful solutes and how are they reabsorbed ?
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ii) Draw a diagram to show this

e) What else is reabsorbed and how ? .............................

f) What happens to water ?...................................................
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Q5a) What remains in the filtrate and where does it pass to ? .
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bi) List the substances that urine :
is usually made up of ....................................................
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doesnt usually contain...................................................
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