Frame:

Stiffness matrix of a frame in local coordinate system

Transformation matrix of a frame:

Hinge:
Plane frame member with hinge (MT=1):

Plane frame member with hinge (MT=2):

Plane frame member with hinges (MT=3)

Truss member with hinge (MT=1)

Truss member with hinge (MT=2)

Truss member with hinge (MT=3)

k=0

Temperature:

Varying linear temp. change:

Constant temp. change:

Fabrication error:
Fixed end forces truss:

Beam rotation (deflection e_b):

Fixed end forces for beam: