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CFDanalysisofacarusingansysfluentmodule

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CFD ANALYSIS OF A CAR USING ANSYS FLUENT MODULE

Saturday, 12 September 2015 00:00

CFD analysis of a car using ansys fluent module

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Computationalfluiddynamics(CFD)hasbringrevolutionarychangesforlastonedecade.As
itisplayinganimportantroleindifferentfieldslikemedical,aeronautical,civiltomanyothers.
Vehicles outer body shapes have always been area of interest for engineers. Currently
availableCFDtoolslikeAnsysFluentmakeitpossibletoperform2Daswellas3Danalysis
in order to obtain side contours of design parameters like pressure, velocities and possible
correctioninvehiclegeometries.UltimategoalofperformingCFDanalysisofacartoimprove
itsdesignbyreducingairflowresistanceandincreasingaerodynamicstability.
ProblemDescription
Acarofabout2500lengthismovingwithspeedof100Km/hrthatisequivalentto27.5m/s.
Ambienttemperatureisabout298K.PerformCFDanalysisinordertoevaluatepressureand
velocitycontoursofairflowaroundcarouterbody.
Assume standards air properties and 2D geometry as well. Car geometry as well as
computationaldomainhasbeenshowninFigure1.

Figure1
Car2DGeometry
In order to download 2D step file of car geometry
(https://www.dropbox.com/s/1d36qbc66812gzv/car.STEP?dl=0)

click

here.

Prerequisites

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This tutorial has been written in this context that you basic level understandings of ansys
workbenchgeographicaluserinterface.
Learningobjectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Howtoimport2Dsurfacemodelofcarsurroundingdomaininansysdesignmodeler.
Howtosetinflowboundaryconditionsandmovingwallsconditions?
Howtoaddinflationmeshingatcaredges?
Howtoprepareansysfluentsetup?
Howtogeneratecontoursaswellasflowpathlines?

StartAnsysWorkbench
Run ansys workbench from start menu and drop down ansys fluent module in to project
schematicwindowasFigure2.

Figure2
RightclickGeometry>properties, a schematic window open, select2Dfromanalysis
typeasFigure-3.

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Figure3
RightclickGeometry>ImportGeometry>Browseand give path where you have downloaded
car STEP file.
NamedSelection
RightclickMesh>Editandwaituntilansysmechanicalcompletelyopens.
Enable edge selection button from geometry toolbar and select all outer edges of car
geometrybyholdingCtrlkey.NowRightclick>CreateNamedselectionandgivethename
as"Carwalls"thenOK,Figure4

Figure4
Similarly,selectbottomandtopwallsandgivethenamedselectionas"wall_outer".
SelectfrontedgeandgivetheNamedselectionas"inflow"andselecttherearedgeandgive
thenamedselectionas"outlet.Allnamedselectionhavebeenshowninfigure5.

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Figure5
Meshing
GotoMenubar>Units>Metric(mm,Kg,N,S,mV,mA).
From Outline left click on mesh and goto Details of mesh then select element size as
showninFigure6.

Figure6
RightclickonMesh>Insert>Inflationandselectwholesurfaceandclickapplyingeometry
cell. Select Named selection from Boundary scoping method and select car_walls then
pressEnterkey.Nowsettransitionratioto0.5andnumberoflayersto4.Updatemeshnow.
Inflationlayershasbeencreated,Figure7.

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Figure7
Startingansysfluent
Go to ansys workbench project schematic window and right click Setup>Edit, a Fluent
LauncherwindowopensandselectparallelfromProcessingoptionsandenternumber of
cores that your system has in Process Box and click OK as in Figure8. Wait until ansys
fluentmodulecompletelyopens.

Figure8
Step1:Generalsettings
From solution setup click General>Units and make sure that pressure units are in Pascal,
temperatureunitsareinKelvinandvelocityunitsareinmm.
Step2:Modelsselection
From Modelsdouble click Energyand check energy equation as in Figure9. Double click
ViscousLaminarandselectkepsilon(2eqn)model.
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Figure9
From materials select air>Create/Edit button, then a material window opens. Select ideal
gasfromdensityboxthenclickChange/Create>Close,Figure10.

Figure10
Step4:Boundaryconditions
Fromboundaryconditionzone,selectinflowandselectvelocityinletfromtypebox.Anew
window opens, enter the velocity value to 17.7m/s and OK, Figure11. Click on Outlet and
makesurePressureoutletisselectedfromTypebox.

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Figure11
Select wallouter and select wall from Typebox and click Edit then select moving wall as
showninfigure12.

Figure12
Step5Solution

1.

2.

3.

Fromsolutionmethods,selecttheCoupledschemeandsecondorderDiscretization
techniques.
FromSolutionControl,entertheCourantNumbervalueto1andallunderrelaxation
factorsto0.7.
FromMonitors,doubleclickonResidualsandenterabsoluteconvergencecriteriavalues

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4.

5.

CFDanalysisofacarusingansysfluentmodule

to0.001forallparameters.
FrominitializationselectStandardInitializationfrominitializationmethodsand
pressInitializebutton.
FromRunCalculation,enterthenumberofiterationto5000andclickCalculatebutton.
Ansysfluentstartscalculationnow.Waituntilsolutionconvergeforthiscurrentcfd
analysisofcar.Scaledresidualgraphsonsolutionconvergencehasbeenshown
infigure13.

Figure13
Results:ContoursandPlots
In order to see air flow pressure distribution around airfoil go to Results and
animation>Contours>Setup>Filled and select Pressure then Static pressure
fromContoursofboxandclickDisplay,Figure14.

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Figure14
Similarlyyoucanseevelocitycontours,Figure15.

Figure15
Wecandrawpathlinesinansysfluent.Fromresultsandanimations>Pathlinesandselect
Meshfromcolorby,enterstepsize0.08m,numberofsteps252andpathskip 25. Then
selectInteriorcarfromsurfacesselectionandclickDisplay,Figure16.

Figure16
Flowpathlineswillbeappeararoundcarbodyinthiscfdtutorial,Figure17.

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Figure17
Conclusion
Inthistutorialwelearnthowtocarryoutcfdanalysisofacarusingansysfluentmodule.We
alsolearnttodrawflowpathlinesandalsocreatedmeshinflationusingansysmechanical.

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