Beams

Shear & Moment Diagrams

Beams
Members that are slender and support
loads applied perpendicular to their
longitudinal axis.
Distributed Load, w(x)

Concentrated Load, P
Longitudinal
Axis

Span, L

Types of Beams
Depends on the support configuration
FH
Pin

FH

FV

FV

Fixed

Roller

M
Fv

Roller

FV

Pin

FV

FH

Statically Indeterminate Beams

Continuous Beam

Propped Cantilever
Beam

Can you guess how we find the extra

reactions?

Internal Reactions in Beams

At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
normal force,
shear force,
bending moment.
P

Internal Reactions in Beams

At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
normal force,
shear force,
bending moment.

Left Side of Cut

Pb/L

Positive Directions
Shown!!!

Internal Reactions in Beams

At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
normal force,
shear force,
bending moment.

Positive Directions
Shown!!!
Right Side of Cut

Pa/L

L-x

Finding Internal Reactions

Pick left side of the cut:
Find the sum of all the vertical forces to the
left of the cut, including V. Solve for shear, V.
Find the sum of all the horizontal forces to the
left of the cut, including N. Solve for axial
force, N. Its usually, but not always, 0.
Sum the moments of all the forces to the left
of the cut about the point of the cut. Include
M. Solve for bending moment, M

Pick the right side of the cut:

Same as above, except to the right of the cut.

The Relationship Between Load, Shear and

Bending Moment

w( x ) the load function

M( x ) V( x )dx

V( x ) w( x )dx

Common Relationships
0

Constant

Linear

Constant

Linear

Parabolic

Linear

Parabolic

Cubic

Load

Shear

Moment

Common Relationships
Load

Constant

Constant

Constant

Linear

Linear

Linear

Parabolic

Shear

Moment

Example: Draw Shear & Moment

diagrams for the following beam
12 kN

8 kN

1m
RA = 7 kN

3m

1m
RC = 13 kN

12 kN

8 kN

1m

3m
8

7
V

1m

7
-15

(kN)

-5
7
M
(kN-m)

2.4 m

-8