Volumetric Properties of Pure Fluids

Monday, August 17, 2015

12:11 PM

Diagrams
PT Diagram

PV Diagram

Critical Behavior
If you heat a liquid in a tube, there are three possible outcomes:
1. Meniscus is initially near the top of the tube
Notes Page 1

1. Meniscus is initially near the top of the tube

2. Liquid expands to fill the tube
1. Meniscus is lower in the tube
2. Heating vaporized the liquid to the extent that the meniscus recedes to the bottom of the tube
1. Meniscus is in a specific point in the middle
2. Heating does not change the level
3. As critical point is achieved, the meniscus becomes hazy and disappears

Single-Phase Region Behavior

Equations of State
Virial Equation of State
Z is the Compressibility

Where

for ideal gases

2nd-Order Virial Equation of State

This is the Virial eqn which stops at the
For
, moderate T and above

term.

Where

Cubic Equation of State

These equations are useful as they are easy to calculate.
In addition, values for and are easily available.
Van der Waals

Where :

is the property evaluated at critical temperature and can be found at Table B.1
Notes Page 2

is the property evaluated at critical temperature and can be found at Table B.1

, is the volume of 1 mol of molecules in liquid state

Redlich-Kwong

Peng-Robinson

Correlation for Gases

Theorem of Corresponding States
All fluids have the same

at

and

Correlations for Compressibility Factor

Obtain

from Table E.1

For Simple Fluids,

For Complex Fluids (Polar Fluids)

Correlations for 2nd Virial Coefficient

This relates the Virial Coefficient to

and

Where
Notes Page 3

Where

or

Correlations for Liquids

Saturated Liquids

is in molal volume (

Unsaturated Liquids
You have to use the above equation + the chart below

Notes Page 4