ANAMNESIS PASIEN NYERI

KEPALA

SOCRATES
S : Side (Lokasi Nyeri) bilateral/unilateral?
O :Onset (Mendadak/Perlahan-lahan)
C : Characteristic (apakah nyeri berdenyut, menusuk,
seperti apa?
R : Radiation ( Menjalar/Tidak?)
A : Association ( Gangguan Penglihatan/ Fotofobia/ Mual,
Muntah/ Demam/Nyeri Leher/pingsan?)
T : TIMING ( lama berlangsungnya nyeri)
E : EXACERBATING ( faktor yang memperingan dan yang
memperberat)
S : SEVERITY ( Apakah nyeri mengganggu aktivitas
sehari-hari)

Nyeri
kepala
Nyeri kepala
primer

Tension
headache
Tension

Cluster

Migren

Migren

Cluster

Bilateral,
terasa penekanan
(tegang)

Unilateral, nyeri
berdenyut

Terlokalisasi dimata

Ringan-sedang

Sedang-berat

berat

30 menit- I minggu

4-72 jam

15-90 menit

Tidak disertai mual

atau muntah

Mual, muntah
photofobia

alkohol

Nyeri Kepala Sekunder

Nyeri Kepala yang
mengancam jiwa
Perdarahan
subarahnoid
Perdarahan
ektradural
Perdarahan
subdural
Perdarahan
intraserebral
Meningoenchepali
tis
Cardiac chepalgia

Nyeri Kepala
yang
mengancam
penglihatan
Temporal
arteritis
glaucoma

Reversible
benign
headache
Sinusitis
Pos trauma
nyeri kepala
Nyeri kepala
kronik setelah
terbentur
cervicogenic

Faktor Resiko
CAD

CAD Risk
Conventional risk factors
Older age: Over age 45 years in men and over
age 55 years in women
Family history of early heart disease
Race: Among persons with CAD, the
cardiovascular
death
rate
for
African
Americans is reported to be particularly high;
in Asians, low levels of high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL-C), which are considered to
be a risk factor for coronary heart disease,
appear to be especially prevalent

CAD Risk
Modifiable risk factors
High blood cholesterol levels (specifically, low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C])
High blood pressure
Cigarette smoking: Cessation of cigarette smoking
constitutes the single most important preventive
measure for CAD
Diabetes mellitus[1]
Obesity
Lack of physical activity
Metabolic syndrome
Mental stress and depression

 Developed 7 variable risk

stratification tool that predicts the
risk of death, reinfarction, or urgent
revascularization at 14 days after
presentation.
Patient considered high risk if their
TIMI risk score is 5 and low risk if
the score is 0-4 .

KOMPLIKASI HIPERTENSI