Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
PARTS OF SPEECH
NOUN (N)person, place, thing, or idea.
(SN)Subject Noun (doer of action)
(PN)Possessive Noun with an apostrophe that
shows possession.
The boy bought a notebook. (N)
Julies car is red. (PN)
Kelly saw a bird on the fence. (SN)
PRONOUN
(SP)A word that replaces a noun or pronoun and is
used as the subject of a sentence.
(OP)A word used as an object in a sentence.
(PP)A word showing ownership or possession.
We chose a new shelf for our books. (SP)
The doctor told her she could go home. (OP)
He took his backpack and left. (PP)
VERBA word that expresses actions, events, or states
of being.
(MV)Main Verb expresses the main action.
(HV)Helping Verb helps another main verb.
(LV)Linking Verb links the subject of the
sentence with a noun or adjective in the predicate.
(INF)Infinitive: the word to plus an action.
LINKING VERBS
Am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being, smell, look,
taste, remain, feel, appear, sound, seem, become,
grow, stand, turn.
Tod was a bear in the play. (LVLinking
HELPING VERBS
Can, could, shall, should, will, would, have, has,
had, may, must, might, do, did, done, does.
Jill was eating in class. (HVHelping Verb)
ADJECTIVEA word that describes or modifies a
noun or pronoun. It answers the questions: which one?
what kind? how many?
Her red blouse is beautiful. (which one)
He made a quick decision. (what kind)
Six birds sat on the wire. (how many?)
PARTS OF SPEECH
ADVERBA word that modifies a verb, adjective, or
another adverb. It answers the questions: where?
when? how? Hint: adverbs usually end in ly, but not
always.
He held the book closely. (where)
They ran early this morning. (when)
The kitten meowed loudly. (how)
PREPOSITIONConnects nouns, pronouns, and
phrases to other words in the sentence. A prepositional
phrase is made up of a preposition and an object and
can have an article or adjective.
Aboard, about, above, according to, across, across
from, after, against, along, alongside, amid, among,
apart from, around, aside from, at, because of,
before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, by, despite, down, during, except,
for, from, in, inside, instead of, into, near, of, off,
on, onto, out, out of, outside, over, past, regarding,
through, throughout, to, toward, under, underneath,
until, unto, up, upon, with, within, without.
CONJUNCTIONA word used to connect clauses or
sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause.
Coordinating Conjunctions:
And, or, but, for, so, yet, nor, either, neither.
Subordinating Conjunctions:
After, although, as, as if, as long as, as though,
because, before, if, in order that, provided that,
since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, until,
when, where, whereas, while.
INTERJECTIONA word used to convey emotion.
Wow! Look!
ARTICLEA word (a, an, or the) that is always
used with and provides information about a noun.
A dog followed me home. (indefinite article)
An orange fell from the tree. (indefinite article)
The rules are easy. (definite article)
OTHER PUNCTUATION
Ending Punctuation ! ? .
1. At the end of a sentence ! Im here. Im here!
Periods
2. After abbreviations ! Im a U.S. citizen.
Apostrophes
3. In possessives ! I have Donnys pen.
4. In contractions ! Im hungry.
Semicolons
5. In compound sentences
! Call me tomorrow; Ill have your answer then.
Colons
6. After opening a business letter ! Dear Sir:
7. Before list of words of phrases
! She called their names: Jason, Pat, and Mike.
7. In time ! 5:30 P.M.
8. Between independent clauses when the second
sentence explains or expands on the first
! Joe got his reward: fifty dollars in prize money.
Quotation Marks
9. To set off a direct quote! Stand here, he said.
SENTENCE STRUCTURE
CAPITALIZATION
1. First word of a sentence
2. Names of people
3. Proper adjectives
4. First word in letter closing
5. First word in direct quotation
6. Pronoun I
7. Proper nouns
8. Opening of letter
9. Title of a work