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hAPPY NEW YEAR

bvUK

( ONE ACT PLAY )

tAPAN KUMAR MONDAL

( A Teacher and Students : X,Y,Z school was going on, It was Monday, the 5th January, 2004. The Teacher
went to XI Arts to take his scheduled class, attendance of students - very good )
Teacher : ( To students) Sit down
Student X : Happy New Year Sir.
Teacher : ( after a few seconds) why do you say so? It is not the first day of January 2004.
Student X : All right sir, but you came to our class last on 24th December,2003 and after it the school remained closed owing to winter recess from 25th December,2003 to 1st January 2004. The school has reopened on 2nd January 2004, but we could not attened your class due to your absence. In the new year, it
is your first attendance before us. So, as we think it is the proper time to greet you with Happy New Year !
Teacher : Well and good ! but everybody can not be happy in this world. If you want happiness, it will not
come to you spontaneously because happiness is mostly a subjective matter. So as I think, happiness depends on Good Mentality. Without good mentality, none can reach and touch at the door of happiness.
Moreover, happiness is a Relative matter . Some says, man is generally optimistic. Always he wants to be
happy. Those who are immersed in the sea of happiness, can not apprehend the importance of happiness.
But if sorrow comes into the life of any man, he must attempt to ignore it. Instead of it he seeks happiness
only. He may gain it or not , but man keep up his efforts continuously to gain happiness.
Student Y : Sir, what is the meaning of the word good mentality ?
Teacher : Silent gentility is not the sign of good mentality. It means : outspokenness, rationalism, honesty,
truthfulness, righteousness, forbearance and so on.
Student Z: Sir, what is the meaning of Relativity here ?
Teacher : It is a very difficult question which you thrown in front of me. Thank you ! you all are too much
eager to know it. Listen ! Day and Night comes my turn. Sorrow comes after happiness and happiness comes
after sorrow. We cannot deny it, because it cannot be ever stabled. Modern science as well as modern
psychology proves that, everything in this world is dynamic and such order of dynamism, any type of thing
and the power of mental feelings must be changed. Not only that, every matter wait for change and there
is a relation between the previous state and the changed state. This type of relation is called Relativity.
Student X : Sir, why does it so happen ?
Teacher : There are some self-contradiction as well as some limitation between two positions. When a thing
reaches the extreme point, its position must be changed because it is inevitable. It comes back swiftly on
slowly to the normal position. Suppose , a man is trying to fill up a glass with water. After some times glass
will be filled up to the brim. Inspite of that, if the man tries to drop more water into the glass, the water must
overflow and after it, water level will come back to the previous dimension because the glass has no capacity
to absorb the extra quantity of water. So it can be said that, it is the contradiction as well as limitation of
actual position. Besides this, some psychological instances can be given in respect of it. Such as excessive
happiness brings about sorrow in human life. It is one type of continuing process.

hAPPY NEW YEAR

bvUK

( ONE ACT PLAY )

tAPAN KUMAR MONDAL

Student Y : Is contradiction essential in the sphere of alteration ?

Teacher : Of course ! contradiction is essential. Without self- contradiction, alteration may not be happened.
Alteration comes through the conflict of two opposite forces started from the immemorial period and it will
be continuing as long as self- contradiction will remain there.
Student Y : How and in what way the happiness will come to light ? Sir.
Teacher : From the philosophical point of view, I want to say that, happiness and sorrow is completely a
matter of realisation and the emotions is only a matter of feelings.
Student Z : Sir, when did the conflict start ?
Teacher : The conflict started from the pre-historic period in the material world but in the mental world, the
conflict started from the period of first advent of human life and development of brain mechanism. Happiness and sorrow was accompaniment of everyday life of the primitive men and at present also. Sorrow and
happiness would come from natural phenomena. As a result of storm, thunder, rain etc. Man would fall in
a painful situation. On the after hand, after some times or days, man would get relief also. Such ups and
downs of the natural phenomena has no end and it will not be end.
Student Z : Sir, what is the cause of conflict in the material world?
Teacher : Ownership of wealth is the main cause of conflict. Once upon a time, there were equal right of
everybody to the natural wealth. But it course of evolution, the personal ownership developed. From that
time, some man have been saying that, this particular portion of land, trees, plants, fruits, and so on is mine.
Those are my personal property. Others have no right to interfere with it. In this way, some man grabbed
the huge fertile and property in the ancient age and the rest of all became deprived. As a result, developed
the two estate among the people of early age. One is Misappropriator estate and other is Deprived
estate. In course of time, class-struggle has commenced between them and it will be going on. I hope, the
deprived class of the world will be able to win the struggle in the long run and a Happy New Year will be
appeared before them with enormous happiness and equal right. We should co-operate with them so that
they can be able to bring about Happy New Year for all sections of people.

JURISPRUDENCE

ARTICLE

The Philosophy of Law

Dip Jyoti Chakraborty

Talking about jurisprudence is not so easy. It is very difficult to give a unique definition of Jurisprudence. It is believed that, Romans started the study of Jurisprudence.
Now we will try to reach at the meaning of Jurisprudence. The term jurisprudence has derived
from the Latin term Jurisprudentia which means either Knowledge of Law or the skill in
law. Many jurists such as Bentham, Austin, Salmond, Holland, Dias and Huges, Keeton,
Pound, G.W Paton consider Jurisprudence in different way and such definitions are not conclusive.
Bentham is known as the father of Jurisprudence. Bentham was the first one to analyse what is
law. He divided his study into two parts:1. Examination of Law as it is- Expositorial Approach - Command of Sovereign.
2. Examination of Law as it ought to be- Censorial Approach - Morality of Law.
Approaches to the study of Jurisprudence- There are two ways
1. Empirical- Facts to Generalization.
2. A Priori - Start with Generalization in light of which the facts are examined.
Previously there are analytical, historical, sociological approaches which was rejected.
Significance and Utility of the Study of Jurisprudence
1. This subject has its own intrinsic interest and value because this is a subject of serious scholarship and research; researchers in Jurisprudence contribute to the development of society by
in the whole legal, political and social school of thoughts.
2. Jurisprudence also has an instructive importance. It helps in the logical analysis of the legal
concepts and it sharpens the techniques of the lawyer.
3. The study of jurisprudence helps to put law in its proper shape by considering the needs of
the society.
4. Jurisprudence can teach the people to look if not forward, at least sideways and around them
and realize that answers to a new legal problem must be found by a contemplation of present
social needs and not in the wisdom of the past.
5. Jurisprudence is the eye of law and the grammar of law because it throws light on basic ideas
and fundamental principles of law. Therefore, by understanding the nature of law, its concepts
and distinctions, a lawyer can find out the actual rule of law. It also helps in knowing the language, grammar and assumptions upon which the subject rests. Therefore, some rational guidance is necessary for a lawyer which he can find from the study of Jurisprudence.
6. Jurisprudence helps the judges and lawyers in ascertaining the true meaning of the laws
passed by the legislators by providing the rules of interpretation. Therefore, the study of jurisprudence should not be confined to the study of positive laws but also must include normative
study i.e. that study should deal with the improvement of law in the context of prevailing socioeconomic and political philosophies of time, place and circumstances.

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