CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

Soil Mechanics & Foundation Equations Sheet

1m=10dm=100cm=1000mm
1=0.3048m
1m2=10000cm2
F=ma
1N=1kg*m/s2
1Pa=1N/m2
2
g=9.81m/s
3
w 1ton / m 1000 kg / m 3 10 6 g /(100 cm) 3 1g / cm 3
1m=3.281 ft
g=9.81m/s2=32.2ft/s2
3
w 1ton / m 1000 kg / m 3 10 6 g /(100 cm) 3 1g / cm 3

w 9.81KN / m 3 62 .41b / ft 3 62 .4 PCF

1foot=12incehs 1=12 1inch=1in=1=2.54cm=25.4mm

1m=1odm=100cm=1000mm 1=0.3048m
1m=3.281ft
g=9.81m/s2=32.2ft/s2
F=ma
1N=1kg*m/s2
w 1ton / m 3 1000 kg / m 3 10 6 g /(100 cm) 3 1g / cm 3

w 9.81KN / m 3 62 .41b / ft 3 62 .4 PCF

1psf=144psi
1pcf=1 lb/ft3 1MPa=145 PSI

s w 2
D
18
L(cm)
D(mm) K
t(min)
v

18

Gs 1 w
D
Cu 60
D10

30
Gs 1

D302
Cc
D60 D10
W W Ww (Gs Se)
s

w
V
V
1 e

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

Ws Gs w

V
1 e
Gs w 1 w

d 1 w
1 e
W Ww Gs w e w Gs e w
sat s

V
1 e
1 e
s
Ws
Gs

w Vs w
W
w w
Ws
V
wG s
V
V
ki
S w
e v
vs
n v
Vv
e
Vs
V
ne

Dr

Wa=0

Air

Va=e-wGs

Ww=wGsYw

Water Vw=wGs

Ws=GsYw1

Solid

Vv=e

Vs=1

Three Phase Diagram of Soil

Se wGs

d d (min) d (max)
emax e

emax emin d (max) d (min) d

w
SL

PL

PI=LL--PL
LI

PI LL PL

w PL
LL PL

LI

I P wL wP

LL

w PL
LL PL

IL

w wP
IP

I P 0.73wL 20
p
h h p hz
z

h
L

Q kiA

k
k 2.303

w
K

QL
Aht

ho
aL
log 10
At
h1

k (cm / sec) CD102 (mm)

N
Q kLh F
ND
u h p w

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

n
u A w hUB h A Z A
ND

0.03
0.15
hc (m)

d (mm ) D10 (mm )

k parallel

k H
H
i

k normal

d 2 hc w T cos d

icr

'
w

S
u
w h
100

Hi

i
4T cos
hc
d w

FS

'
iav w

' z z u ; z' H ( z ) induced u

j i w

z' ( j)H u
y x

y x
2
Major and minor principal stresses: 1,3

xy
2
2
y x y x
n x sin 2 y cos 2 xy sin 2

cos 2 xy sin 2
2
2
y x y x
n

cos 2 xy sin 2
2
2
y x
n
sin 2 xy cos 2
2
2 xy
tan 2
y x
y x
2
xy


2
2

3 1 3
1

cos 2
2
2
3
1
sin 2
2
1
3

y x

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

p z

J. Boussinesq Eqs:

Square Foundation:
Circular Foundation:

3P z 3 3P
z3

2 L5 2 r 2 z 2 5 / 2
3Pz 3f
2R 5

B
Z
R
I
Z
m

BL

z q
( B z )(L z )
f
f

L
n
Z

z fill fill H fill

zf' zo' ( z ) induced
OCR

Wa=0

Air

c'
p
c
'
p
zo

Va=e-wGs

Vv=e
Ww=wGsYw

Water Vw=wGs

Ws=GsYw1
Ws=GsYw1

Solid
Solid

Vs=1
Vs=1

Three Phase Diagram of Soil

Three Phase Diagram of Soil

H
e

H
1 e0
e
S H
H
1 e0

Das Braja M Das Braja M Das Braja MDas Braja M Das Braja M
Pre Consolidation Pressure Estimation:

e
LL %
1.122 0.1888 log p c 0.00463 p & e L
Gs
eL
100
e
1.122 o 0.00463 log p o
eL
log p c
crf Figure
0.188
e
LL %
1.122 0.00463 p & e L
Gs
For NC:
eL
100

For OC:

LL %
e
G s 1.122 0.2343 log p
100

crf Figure

For Normally Consolidated Clays:

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

p p
Cc H

log o
1 e0
po
C H
p o i p i

S c i log

e
p

0
o i

For Normally Consolidated Clays:

p p
CH

If po p pc then S s log o
1 e0
p
o

If po p pc

then S

p C H
p p
Cs H

log c c log o
1 e0
po 1 e0
pc

U%
cv t
For 0 U 60%

Tv 2
4
100

H dr
1.781 0.933 log 100 U % For 60 U 100%
S
U z t Where S is the total primary consolidation
S

Tv=0.197, U=50%

Das Braja M Das Braja M Das Braja MDas Braja M Das Braja M Das Braja
M
( c ) ult

( c ) ult

zf'
Cc H
log '

1 e0
zo
dC
f Dd
dl
zf'
Cr H
log '

1 e0
zo

for NC

for OC

C H
zf'
' C H
( c ) ult r log 'c c log '

1 e0
zo 1 e0
c
k
q
n
t
hA
Empirical Procedures to Estimate Void Ratio-Pressure Relationships:

C c I p / 74

C r I p / 370

Cc=0.009(LL-10)
Cr=Cs=1/5~1/10
'
2.3 z k 1 e k (1 e)

cv
w av
w Cc
ct
Tv v2
H dr

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

U

c
u
x100 % 1 e
( c ) ult
z
s cT tan T

s c' tan

1 f 3 f tan 2 45 2c tan 45

f 45

2
s int erface c a tan
Su

qu d

2 2 f

Degree of
Consolidation, U%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

zav

Time Factor, Tv
0
0.008
0.031
0.071
0.126
0.197
0.287
0.403
0.567
0.848

1 w
Gs w
w

1 wGs w 1
Gs

C R (%)

d ( field )
d (maxlab )

100

V d fill

1 x100%

Vf

d cut
s
F

'
c l W cos ul tan '
F
W sin
'
c D w z w cos2 tan '
FS
D sin cos

CE340 Geotechnical Engineering Equations Sheet by JiLiang Li

s
180 Wd

R 2

F
K0

x
z

Ka tan

F NF

K 0 (1 sin )OCR sin '

a z K a 2c K a

2
45

z0

2c
Ka

p z K p 2c K p

2
K p tan

Ka

cos cos 2 cos 2

cos cos 2 cos 2
p
q cD u
A

strip footing

45

P/b
cD u
B

'
qult cN c D
N q 0.5BN
'
qult 1.3cN c D
N q 0.4BN

square footing
circular footing

'
qult 1.3cN c D
N q 0.3BN

q all

Qu QEB QSF
QEB qult AP

f * sint erface

q ult
F

Qult
F
*
QSF f AS
ca tan
Qall

u u h u e normal u e shear