6.

1 The mole
The mole of a substance is the amount that contains the same number of units as the number of
carbon atoms in 12 grams of carbon 12.
Mg:

Nucleon number- 24
Mass of one mole- 24g
No. of atoms in 1 mole: 6.02 x 1023

H2O:

(1x2)+(16) = 18
Mass of one mole 18g
No. of water molecules in 1 mole of water: 6.02 x 1023

Number of moles = (mass) / (mass of one mole)

How many moles of oxygen molecules are in 64g of oxygen?

Mass of one mole= (16x2) = 32

64 / 32 = 2
So 2 moles

6.2 Calculations from equations, using the mole

From the equation of a reaction you can find:

The moles of each substance

How many grams of each substance take part

The total mass does not change, during a chemical reaction.

6.3 Reactions involving gases

r.t.p room temberature and pressure (20 c and 1 atmosphere)
I mole of every gas occupies the same volume, at the same temperature and pressure 24
dm3
Number of moles in a gas = (volume at rtp) / 24 dm3

6.4 The concentration of a solution

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute, in grams or moles, that is dissolves in 1
dm3 of solution.
Concentration (moles/dm3) = amount of solute (moles) / volume of solution (dm3)