What is the purpose of the components required for successful

communications?
Data communication is concerned, with transmission of data or information,
through a medium/channel, between two entities. A communication channel can
be simplex which can provides communication in one direction or duplex which
supports two-way communication simultaneously. The two communicating
entities communicate through its system. Entities are like user applications,
email facilities, or terminals. The system is computers, terminal, or remote
sensors.

Step 1
Step 2
Step 3

Step 1
Step 2
Step 3

Protocol
Protocol

Message

Sender
receiver

medium

The data or messages or information to be communicated

The sender(source) sends and initiates the communication
The medium (channel) is the mechanism by which the communication is carried from
one destination to another.

 the receiver (destination) receives the communication(eg: in a telephones

conversation : data is the speech exchanged , sender is the caller, receiver is the called
person, and medium is the telephone line)
The protocol: set of rules that govern data communication.

What are the various sending and receiving devices?

A computer is a miniaturized information highway.
All devices in the computer send information back and forth.
Memory controller, Harddisk controller, North/South Bridge, Soundcard,
Network card, USB controller, Firewire controller, Modem controller, Screen
card/Graphic card.