Introduction to

Microcontrollers

General-purpose microprocessor
CPU for Computers

No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself

ExampleIntels x86, Motorolas 680x0

General-Purpose Microprocessor System

Microcontroller and Interfacing
Pritesh Saxena

Friday, July 10, 2015

Microcontroller :
A smaller computer
On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
ExampleMotorolas 6811, Intels 8051, Zilogs Z8 and
PIC16X

CPU

RAM ROM

A single chip
I/O
Port

Serial
Timer COM
Port

Microcontroller and Interfacing

Pritesh Saxena

Microcontroller
Friday, July 10, 2015

Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller

Microprocessor
Microcontroller
CPU is stand-alone, RAM, CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and
ROM, I/O, timer are
timer are all on a single chip
separate
fix amount of on-chip ROM,
designer can decide on the
RAM, I/O ports
amount of ROM, RAM and for applications in which cost,
I/O ports.
power and space are critical
expansive
single-purpose
versatility
general-purpose
Microcontroller and Interfacing
Pritesh Saxena

Friday, July 10, 2015

Criteria to choose Microcontroller

Speed
Amount of ROM, RAM, I/O ports, timers.
Power consumption
Availability of Software, sources of microcontroller

Microcontroller and Interfacing

Pritesh Saxena

Friday, July 10, 2015

The necessary tools for a microprocessor/controller

CPU: Central Processing Unit

I/O: Input /Output
Bus: Address bus & Data bus
Memory: RAM & ROM
Timer
Interrupt
Serial Port
Parallel Port

Microcontroller and Interfacing

Pritesh Saxena

Friday, July 10, 2015