GPRS/UMTS

IAB Workshop
February 29 - March 2, 2000
Jonne Soininen
Nokia

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Outline
Introduction to 3GPP
GPRS/UMTS Architecture
GPRS/UMTS Introduction

GPRS Architecture
UMTS Packet Architecture

GPRS/UMTS

Protocols

Combined GSM and M-IP mobility handling in UMTS IP

CN
Introduction
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Overview to UMTS Release 2000 All-IP Option

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Introduction to 3GPP
(1/5)
Participation
Organizational Partners

ARIB
CWTS
ETSI
T1
TTA
TTC

Market Representation Partners

Global Mobile Suppliers Association - GSA
GSM Association
UMTS Forum
Universal Wireless Communications Consortium (UWCC)
IPv6 Forum
Individual Members
Companies
Observers, Guests

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Introduction to 3GPP
(2/5)

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Introduction to 3GPP
(3/5)
TSG CN (Core Network)

WG1 (MM/CC/SM) (Iu)

WG2 (MAP/GTP/CAMEL)
WG3 (Interworking with external networks)

TSG RAN

WG1 (Radio Layer 1)

WG2 (Radio Layer 2 and Radio Layer 3 RR)
WG3 (Iub, Iur, Iu, UTRAN O&M requirements)
WG4 (R. performance, protocol aspects)
AHG1 (Ad-hoc group on ITU (internal) co-ordination)

TSG SA

NOKIA

WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5

(Services)
(Architecture)
(Security)
(Codec)
(Telecom Management)

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Introduction to 3GPP
(4/5)
TSG T

NOKIA

WG1 (Mobile Terminal Conformance testing)

WG2 (Terminal Services & Capabilities)
WG3 (USIM)

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Introduction to 3GPP
(5/5)
Technical Work Done in WGs
Meetings
As Necessary
Decision through Consensus or Voting
Most of the Work Done in Meetings
Deliverables
Technical Reports/Technical Specifications
Approval by Consensus or Vote
Change Control When Sufficiently Stable
Inter-WG Coordination
In TSGs
Information Exchange through Liaison Statements
Standards
Releases
7

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

GPRS/UMTS Architecture

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

GPRS/UMTS Release 99
Architecture
SMS-GMSC
SM-SC

SMS-IWMSC
E

C
Gd

MSC/VLR
A
MT

Gs

Iu
Uu

R
TE

HLR
Gr

Iu
UTRAN

SGSN

Gc
Gi

Gn
Gb
TE

MT
R

BSS
Um
SGSN

Gn

Ga

CGF
GGSN

Signalling Interface
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface
NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Gf

TE

Ga

Gp

Other PLMN

PDN

GGSN

EIR

Billing
System

GSM Architecture / GSM Radio

BTS

Packet
network
PSTN

BSC

Um

A
MSC
Gb

Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)

Packet
Inter-PLMN
network
Backbone
network

Border
Gateway (BG)
Gp

Gr

Gs
Gd

Packet
SS7
network
Network

Gs
Gn
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)

Firewall

GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
Gc

Gi.IP

EIR

Corporate 1
Server

MAP-F
Router
Data
Packet
network
network
(Internet)

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Local
area
network

Corporate 2
Server

Router

10

SMS-GMSC
Gd

Firewall

Gn
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)

Gr

HLR/AuC

Local
area
network

UMTS Architecture / WCDMA

Node B
Uu

Packet
network
PSTN

RNC
Iu
MSC
Iu

Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)

Packet
Inter-PLMN
network
Backbone
network

Border
Gateway (BG)
Gp

Gr

Gs
Gd

Packet
SS7
network
Network

Gs
Gn
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)

Firewall

GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
Gc

Gi.IP

EIR

Corporate 1
Server

MAP-F
Router
Data
Packet
network
network
(Internet)

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Local
area
network

Corporate 2
Server

Router

11

SMS-GMSC
Gd

Firewall

Gn
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)

Gr

HLR/AuC

Local
area
network

The R99 Architecture

BTS

Node B

BSC

A
Packet
network
PSTN

RNC
Iu

Um
MSC
Gb

Iu

Uu
Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)

Border
Gateway (BG)

Gr

Gs
Gd

Packet
SS7
network
Network

Gs
Gn
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)

GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
Gc

Gi.IP

SMS-GMSC
Gd

EIR

Corporate 1
Server

MAP-F
Router

Firewall

Gn
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)

Gr

HLR/AuC

Data
Packet
network
network
(Internet)

Local
area
network

Corporate 2
Server

Gp Firewall

Packet
Inter-PLMN
network
Backbone
network
12

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Router

Local
area
network

Entities
The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Mobility Management
Authentication
Gathers Charging Information
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
Gateway between UMTS Core Network and external networks
Address allocation for MS
Gathers Charging Information
Filtering
Base Station Subsystem (BSS) / Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)
BSS

BSC
BTS

RNS
RNC
Node-B

13

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

PDP Context
Packet Data Protocol (PDP) Context
Session
Logical Tunnel between MS and
Anchored GGSN for Session
Multiple PDP Contexts
Per Mobile
Per PDP Address

PDP Context Activities

Activation
Modification
Deactivation

14

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

GGSN

R99 Interfaces and Protocols

Routing Example
BTS

BSC

BSC

case 1

GPRS
backbone
network
(IP based)

IP
ROUTER

Packet

SGSN

Inter-operator
backbone
network
network

IP
ROUTER

HOME GPRS
NETWORK

VISITED
GPRS
NETWORK

GGSN

GGSN
Data
Packet
network
network
(Internet)
Corporate

Router

NOKIA

case 2
case 3

SGSN

15

BTS

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Server

Local
area
network

GPRS
backbone
network
(IP based)

GPRS Network from the Internet

HOST
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .5 5

G PRS
SUBNETW O RK
SUBNE TW O RK
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .X X X
" R o u te r "
SUBNETW ORK
1 3 1 .4 4 .1 5 .X X X

SUBNETW O RK
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .X X X

C o r p o r a te 1
R o u te r

HOST
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .2 1

16

NOKIA

L ocal
a re a
n e tw o r k

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

P acket
D a ta
nn ee t twwo r ok r k

R o u te r

C o r p o r a te 2

( In t e r n e t )

Local
a re a
n e tw o r k

HOST
1 3 1 .4 4 .1 5 .3

R99 Interfaces and Protocols

GSM User Plane
Application
IP, etc.

IP, etc.
Relay

SNDCP

SNDCP

LLC

LLC
Relay

RLC

RLC

MAC

MAC

GSM RF

MS

17

NOKIA

Um

BSSGP

BSSGP

Network
Service
GSM RF
L1bis

Network
Service
L1bis

BSS

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Gb

GTP-U

GTP-U

UDP

UDP

IP

IP

L2

L2

L1

L1

SGSN

Gn

GGSN

Gi

R99 Interfaces and Protocols

UMTS User Plane
Application

E.g., IP,
PPP,
OSP

E.g., IP,
PPP,
OSP
Relay

PDCP

PDCP

GTP-U

GTP-U

GTP-U

GTP-U

RLC

RLC

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

MAC

MAC

AAL5

AAL5

L2

L2

L1

L1

ATM

ATM

L1

L1

Uu

MS

18

Relay

NOKIA

Iu-PS

UTRAN

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Gn

3G-SGSN

Gi

3G-GGSN

Mobile IP in UMTS
3GPP TSG-SA WG2 Mobile IP Ad
Hoc

19

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Mobile IP in UMTS
A Staged Approach
Step 1: Offering Mobile IP service
UMTS Release 99
Step 2: Intermediate GPRS-Mobile IP system
Step 3: Using Mobile IP for Intra System Mobility

20

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1
UTRAN

RNS

IP network
SGSN

Iur
RNS

SGSN

RNS
UTRAN

NOKIA

CN
GGSN

filter

Internet

GGSN
FA
FA

Iu

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

FA

HA

BG
R
HA
FA
21

SGSN

HA

PLMN
backbone

HLR
etc.

HA

BG
GGSN

MAP

Gp

Border Gateway
Router
Home Agent
Foreign Agent

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1 (Cont.)

Changes
FA functions at GGSN
Mobile IP in the mobile if needed
Does not change
GSM MAP, VLR and HLR
Network architecture
No changes to the MS

22

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step2
UTRAN

Gp
RNS

SGSN

BG
SGSN

Iur
RNS
HLR
etc.

SGSN
GGSN FA

RNS

GGSN

NOKIA

HA
HA

filter

Iu
BG
R
HA
FA

23

FA

IP network
GGSN
R
FA
Gi
IP

PLMN backb.

MAP

UTRAN

HA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Border Gateway
Router
Home Agent
Foreign Agent

Internet

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 2 (cont.)
Changes to Step 1
GGSN/FA can be changed during a session if more
suitable available
Applicability
Maybe in Release 2000

24

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3
UTRAN
UTRAN
HA

RNS

CN
BG

FA
R

IGSN

Iur

IGSN

HA
HA

MAP
IP

RNS
HLR
etc.

IGSN

RNS

FA
CN

Iu

25

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

FA

FW

Internet

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (the reality)
UTRAN
UTRAN
HA

RNS

BG
FA
R
HA
IP

RNS
HLR

Gn Lite

etc.

IGSN

RNS

FA
CN

Iu

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

FA

HA

MAP

26

IGSN

BG

IGSN

Iur

CN

FW

Internet

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (Cont.)
Changed from Step 1 & Step 2
GTP only on control plane (almost)
No SGSN + GGSN -> IGSN
Mobile IP based Macro Mobility Management
MS has to be changed to support Mobile IP
Problems
Interworking with pre-Step 3 networks
Support for non-M-IP mobiles
etc.
Applicability
Not defined

27

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Release 2000 All-IP

Architecture

28

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Release 2000 Architecture

Includes All-IP Architecture Option
GPRS as basis
Includes GPRS Core Network
Home Subscriber Server (HSS) instead of HLR
New Entities - Voice over IP infrastructure
Call State Control Function (CSCF)
Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)
Media Gateway Function (MGW)
etc.
New Interfaces
New Protocols

29

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

R00 All-IP Reference Architecture

Alternative
Access
Network

SGSN

GGSN

Gn

Other PLMN

Gp
TE

Um

Mh

Iu-ps'
Iu

UTRAN

MT
R

Uu

CSCF

MRF
Gi

Gc

GGSN

SGSN

Mc

T-SGW *)
Mc

Nb

Iu =Iucs (RTP,AAL2)
MSC server

Iu2 =Iu(RANAP)

MGCF

MGW

MGW
Iu

Gi

Gi

Gn

Iu

Mg

Mr

Gi

EIR
Gf

Multimedia
IP Networks

CSCF

Mm

Cx

TE

R-SGW
Mw
Ms

CAP
HSS *)
Gr

ERAN

MT
R

Legacy mobile
signaling
Network

Applications &
Services *)
SCP

PSTN/
Legacy/External

Mc
Nc

GMSC server

T-SGW *)

MAP
MAP
Applications
& Services *)
Signalling Interface
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface
30

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Mh
HSS *)

R-SGW *)
*) those elements are duplicated for figure
layout purpose only, they belong to the same
logical element in the reference model

All-IP System Level

Architecture
Application
servers

HSS
Gr+
MAP+

SCP

OSA

CAP
WIN

Service
capability
servers

Iu-PS

3G RAN
WLAN, DSL,
cable...

SGSN
GGSN

RAS

IPv6
All-IP Core

MAP
IS-41
H.248

CSCF

MGCF

CSCF
HSS
MGCF
MGW
31

Call State Control Function

Home Subscriber Server
Media Gateway Control Function
Media Gateway

NOKIA

MGW
RSGW

SIP

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

MRF

MRF
RAS
RSGW
TSGW

PSTN

TSGW
ISUP

Legacy
Cellular

FW

Internet

Multimedia Resource Function

Remote Access Server (DSLAM, head end)
Roaming Signaling Gateway
Transport Signaling Gate

R00 All-IP Reference Architecture

SCP

Legacy Mobile
Signaling
Networks

Service Layer

OSA, VHE,
etc.

CSCF

Application Layer

RSGW
CSCF
External IP
Networks

MGCF
HSS
MRF
Transport
Layer SGSN

GGSN

TSGW
MGW

RAS
WLAN, DSL, Cable, etc.
32

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

PSTN/
External CS
Networks

R00 New Protocols (?)

Protocol between CSCF and Mobile or IP Phone:

H.323 or SIP

CSCF-MRF: Mr

H.248/Megaco

CSCF-MGW: Mc

H.248/Megaco

CSCF-HSS:Cx

IP based Interface

CSCF-CSCF: Mw

Bear Independent Control Protocol (BICC) or SIP?

CSCF-Legacy Mobile Network: Ms

IP based signaling - The same as Mw

CSCF-Applications/Services:

Difference: Camel over IP (Sigtran)

Real-time IP transport:

33

RTP/UDP/IP

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

Thank You!
Jonne Soininen
Jonne.Soininen@Nokia.Com

34

NOKIA

Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen