CANCER

Definition
•Is a general term
that is used for a
group of disease
that affects
multiple system of
the body
•A group of disease
characterized by
the abnormal
growth and spread
of cells .
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
N o rma l Ce
C e ll Gro wth
•Cell Division or
Mitosis
- produce or replaced
like cells because of
apoptosis ( death ) or
injury .

•Genetic material is
duplicated exactly
( DNA molecules that
form part of the
 GI Tract Cells
Undergo cell divisionSkin
at a rapid rate Hair Follicle
Bone Marrow

Skeletal Muscles - do not

undergo cell division
but do undergo hypertrophy
(increase in size)
and not hyperplasia
(increase in number)
Mitosis
Pathophysio
logy
 Predisposing Factors : Etiologic Precipitating
Agent : Factors :
-Age -Heredity
-unknown
-Gender -Environment (chemicals,water pollutantsl ,air pol
-Race -Lifestyle
-Genetics
Somatic Mutation in the DNA

Activate oncogenes
Genes that has change cells to grow and divide fa
(Cancer-causing genes)

ow and divide quickly that will form cancer cells

Tumor suppressing genes turned off

DNA repair/ Second tumor suppressor

Inability inactivated
to enhance the immune system to destroy cancer
 METASTASES
Benign Growths Malignant Growths
-lump of cells will form -large masses

spread to other locations in the body via lymph or bl

invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
Do not invade surrounding tissues

Skin cancer
Lung Cancer
Colon Cancer
Breast Cancer
Prostate Cancer
THANK
YOU!!!