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The state and the legal system also have a role to play in the
maintenance of a conflict-free industrial environment
The different parties in the system with a well-defined role are the
management, the employees and the unions.
Employees
Trade Unions
The Management
i.
ii.
The Government
ii.
Worker Participation
2.
3.
Voluntary Arbitration
4.
Conciliation
5.
Court of Enquiry
6.
Tripartite Bodies
7.
Adjudication
i.
Labor Courts
Management should be open to the requests of the trade unions and should
identify the union representatives
The culture of the organization should foster the right spirit for collective
bargaining to be successful.
All the parties involved should aim at a win-win situation and not a win-lose
situation. The common interests of the organization and its employees
should be taken into consideration while reaching any agreement.
Group Activity
Activity in Levels
Flexibility
Win-win Situation
Builds Relationships
Negotiation
Contract Administration
Informative participation
Consultative participation
Associative participation
Administrative participation
Decisive participation
It bridges the gap between the management and the workers by authorizing
the workers to take part in managerial functions.
Workers feel valued and, therefore are more committed to their work.
They feel they have the ability to influence organizational decisions and
this makes them more responsible in performing their duties.
Works Committees
Joint Councils
Unit Councils
Plant Councils
Shop Councils
The differing perceptions and attitudes of the workers and the management regarding
the degree of participation. While the management finds it important to restrict the
participation of workers, the workers feel that participation should be extended to all
levels
While the management considers the bipartite bodies as substitutes for trade unions,
the workers see these as rivals
A number of joint bodies such as works committee, joint management council, unit
council and plant council exist, whose functions have not been clearly defined. This
lead to confusion and duplication of efforts and results in waste of time and energy.
In a country like India, the trade unions are poorly fragmented and organized.
Further, the inter-union rivalry and influences of different political philosophies have
created conditions that are not conducive to workers participation in management.
Illiteracy among workers is a major reason for the failure of workers participation
schemes in India. Workers do not participate actively as they lack a clear
understanding of the concept, rationale and benefits of participation.
Workers' training and education should be given importance so that the workers
can understand the importance of their participation and its beneficial effects for
the organization.
The management and the workers should trust one another and work towards
improving the system. They should be willing to contribute to the fulfillment of
organizational goals.