PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

FEATURES

TO-92 PKG

z Programmable Output Voltage to 40V

z Guaranteed 0.5% Reference Voltage Tolerance
z Low (0.2 Typ.) Dynamic Output Impedance

3
T
O
P

z Cathode Current Range(Continuous) 100 ~ 150 mA

z Equivalent Full Range Temperature Coefficient of

2
1

50PPM/
z Temperature Compensated For Operation Over
Full Rate Operating Temperature Range
z Low Output Noise Voltage
z Fast Turn-on Response
z TO-92, SOT-89 or SOT-23 3L Package

SOT-23 PKG
2
TOP

APPLICATION
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

Shunt Regulator
Precision High-Current Series Regulator
High-Current Shunt Regulator
Crowbar Circuit
PWM Converter With Reference
Voltage Monitor
Precision Current Limiter

SOT-89 PKG

TOP

DESCRIPSION
The TL431Z is a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator
with specified thermal stability over applicable
temperature VREF (Approx. 2.5V) and 40V with two
external resistors. This device has a typical dynamic
output impedance of 0.2. Active output circuitry provides
a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making this device
excellent replacement for zener diodes in many
applications. The TL431Z is characterized for operation

PIN 1. Reference

2. Anode

3. Cathode

ORDERING INFORMATION
Device (Marking)

Package

TL431Z
TO-92

TL431-AZ
TL431-CZ

from -40 to +125.

431Z

SOT-23 3L

431Z

SOT-89 3L

Absolute Maximum Ratings

(Operating temperature range applies unless otherwise specified)
CHARACTERISTIC

SYMBOL

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

VKA

42

IK

-100

150

mA

IREF

0.05

10

mA

Junction Temperature Range

TJ

150

Storage Temperature Range

TSTG

-60

150

Operating Temperature Range

TOPR

-40

125

Cathode Voltage
Cathode Current Range(Continuous)
Reference Input Current Range

2009 Obsolete

-1-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

CHARACTERISTIC

SYMBOL

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

Cathode Voltage

VKA

VREF

40

Cathode Current

IK

0.5

100

mA

Ordering Information
VREF

Package

Tolerance
0.5%

TO-92

1%

2%
2.495V
SOT-23

SOT-89

Order No.

Package Marking

TL431CZ

TL431-CZ

TL431CZTA
TL431AZ

TL431-AZ

TL431AZTA
TL431Z

TL431Z

TL431ZTA

Status
Obsolete
Obsolete
Obsolete
Obsolete
Obsolete
Obsolete

0.5%

TL431CZSF

Obsolete

1%

TL431AZSF

2%

TL431ZSF

Obsolete

0.5%

TL431CZF

Obsolete

1%

TL431AZF

2%

TL431ZF

431Z

431Z

Obsolete

Obsolete
Obsolete

TL 431 CZ SF
Package Type

Tolerance

Blank
TA
SF
F

: Bulk
: TO-92
: SOT-23
: SOT-89

CZ : 0.5%
AZ : 1%
Z : 2%

Root Name
Product Code

2009 Obsolete

-2-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

PIN CONFIGURATION
2

Marking
Side

TOP

TOP

1 2 3

TO-92 PKG

SOT-23 PKG

SOT-89 PKG

PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin No.

TO-92 / SOT-23 / SOT-89

Name

Function

Reference

Reference Voltage

Anode

Ground

Cathode

Input Supply Voltage

TL431Z ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(TA=25, unless otherwise specified)

CHARACTERISTIC

Reference Input Voltage

Deviation of
Reference Input Voltage
Ratio of Change in Reference
Input Voltage to the Change in
Cathode Voltage
Reference Input Current
Deviation of Reference Input
Current

SYMBOL

VREF

VREF/T

VREF/VKA

TEST CONDITION

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

TL431CZ

2.483

2.495

2.507

TL431AZ

2.47

2.495

2.52

TL431Z

2.44

2.495

2.55

17

VKA=10V -VREF

-1.4

-2.7

VKA=36V-10V

-1.0

-2.0

VKA =VREF,
IK =10mA

VKA = VREF, IK =10mA

TA =Full Range

IK =10mA

UNIT

mV

mV/V

IREF

IKA=10mA, R1=10, R2=

1.8

4.0

uA

IREF/T

IK =10mA, R1=10, R2=

TA =Full Range

0.4

1.2

uA

0.5

mA

Minimum Cathode Current

for Regulation

IK(MIN)

VKA= VREF

Off-State Cathode Current

IKOFF

VKA=42V, VREF=0

0.17

0.9

uA

VKA= VREF, IK =1mA~100mA

f 1kHz

0.27

0.5

Dynamic Impedance

2009 Obsolete

ZKA

-3-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

TEST CIRCUITS

[ Fig 1. Test circuit for VKA = VREF ]

[ Fig 2. Test circuit for VKA VREF ]

[ Fig 3. Test circuit for IKA (OFF) ]

2009 Obsolete

-4-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

The deviation parameters VREF/T and IREF/T are defined as the differences between the maximum and
minimum values obtained over the recommended temperature range. The average full-range temperature
coefficient of the reference voltage, VREF, is defined as :

Where :
TA is the recommended operating free-air temperature range of the device.
VREF can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum VREF or maximum VREF, respectively, occurs at
the lower temperature.
Example : Maximum VREF=2496mV at 30, maximum VREF=2492mV at 0, VREF=2495mV at 25,
TA=70 for TL431CZ.

aVREF

4mV
6

10
23 ppm
2495mV
=

70C
C

Because minimum VREF occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive.

Calculating Dynamic Impedance

The dynamic impedance is defined as :

Z KA =

VKA
I KA

When the device is operating with two external resistors, the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by :

Z' =

R1
V

Z KA 1 +

R2
I

2009 Obsolete

-5-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS

REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs
JUNCTION TEMPERATUR

PULSE RESPONS

2.501
Input & Output Voltage (V)

VREF-Reference Voltage (V)

VKA=VREF
IKA=10mA

2.500
2.499
2.498

VREF=2.495V 0.5%

2.497
2.496
2.495
2.494

4
3

Output

2
1

2.493
2.492

0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-1

TJ-Junction Temperature ()

t-Time (us)

CATHODE CURRENT vs
CATHODE VOLTAGE

CATHODE CURRENT vs
CATHODE VOLTAGE

0.15

800
VKA=VREF
TA=25

0.13
0.10

VKA=VREF
TA=25
IKA-Cathode Current (uA)

IKA-Cathode Current (mA)

VKA=VREF
IKA=10mA
TA=25

Input

0.08
0.05
0.03
0.00
-0.03
-0.05

600

400

200

-0.08
-0.10
-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

-200

3.0

-1.0

VKA-Cathode Voltage (V)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

VKA-Cathode Voltage (V)

T.B.D

2009 Obsolete

-6-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

APPICATION INFORMATION
1. Shunt Regulator

TL431Z

Note A : R Should provide cathode current 1mA to the TL431Z at minimum VI(BATT)

2. Precision High-Current Series Regulator

TL431Z

Note A : R Should provide cathode current1mA to the TL431Z at minimum VI(BATT)

3. Output Control of a Three-Terminal Fixed Regulator

TL431Z

2009 Obsolete

-7-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

4. High-Current Shunt Regulator

TL431Z

5. Precision 5-V 1.5A Regulator

TL431Z

6. Efficient 5-V Precision Regulator

TL431Z

NOTE A : RB Should provide cathode current1mA to the TL431Z.

2009 Obsolete

-8-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

7. PWM Converter With Reference

TL431Z

8. Voltage Monitor

TL431Z

NOTE A : R3 and R4 are selected to provide the desired LED intensity and cathode current 1mA to the TL431Z at the available VI(BATT).

9. Delay Timer

TL431Z

2009 Obsolete

-9-

HTC

PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

TL431Z/AZ/CZ

10. Precision Current Limiter

TL431Z

11. Precision Constant-Current Sink

TL431Z

2009 Obsolete

- 10 -

HTC