Schurs inequality

If a, b, and c are non-negative real numbers and k 1 is real, then the

following inequality holds:
ak (a b)(a c) + bk (b c)(b a) + ck (c a)(c b) 0
Proof. We can assume without loss of generality that c b a via a permutation of the variables (as both sides are symmetric in those variables). Then
collecting terms, we wish to show that


(a b) ak (a c) bk (b c) + ck (a c)(b c) 0
which is clearly true as every term on the left is positive.
There are a couple of special cases worth noting:
Taking k = 1, we get the well-known
a3 + b3 + c3 + 3abc ab(a + b) + ac(a + c) + bc(b + c)
If c = 0, we get (a b)(ak+1 bk+1 ) 0.
If b = c = 0, we get ak+2 0.
If b = c, we get ak (a c)2 0.

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