THE HUMAN

BODY SYSTEM

By: Liza Bonomi & Alexis Harvell

There are 12 major systems in the human body. All of those
systems work together to keep the body healthy. These systems all
have to do with the body, but they have different functions. Some
have to do with the blood, some with the brain, some with
digestion, some with your muscles, and more! Without the body
systems, the body would not be able to function. The 12 body
systems are the nervous, the integumentary, the digestive, the
reproductive, the excretory or urinary, the circulatory, the
reproductive, the skeletal, the endocrine, respiratory, the muscular,
and the lymphatic systems. All of these are important to the body.
In this project, we will talk about every single one.

The nervous system is the central processing system of the

body parts that consists of the brain and the spinal cord.
The nervous system is very important because without it,
your brain wouldnt function, and you would just be a heap
on the floor that couldnt move or think.

The circulatory system is the system that circulates blood

through the body. The circulatory system is divided into
three major parts which are, the heart, blood, and blood
vessels. The circulatory system is responsible for
transporting materials throughout the entire body. It
transports water, nutrients, water and oxygen to many
blood cells. And also carries away wastes such as carbon
dioxide, which blood cells produce.

The Skeletal System is the framework of the body. The

main purpose of the skeletal system is to protect the parts
of your body that are important. Your skeletal system
consists of your joints, ligaments, and cartilage. Without
your skeletal system, you could not live because your body
would not be protected.

The reproductive system is one of the few systems that

varies with male and female bodies. It is how reproduction
is completed, and how an embryo begins to form into a
baby. The main parts of the reproductive system for males
are the penis, scrotum, testicles (testes), epididymis, vas
deferens, urethra, and prostate glands. The main parts for
females are the clitoris, the vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes,
uterus, and cervix.

The integumentary system consists of the largest organ in

the body, the skin. This crucial organ protects all that is
inside your body from bacteria and daily wear. The skin also
keeps the body at the right temperature when it is really hot
or really cold.

The endocrine system is mostly all the glands of the body

and the hormones produced by those glands. Also, the
glands are controlled by stimulation from the nervous
system and chemical receptors in the blood and hormones
produced by other glands. In addition, these glands help to
maintain the body's homeostasis. The hypothalamus is a
part of the brain located superior and anterior to the brain
and inferior to the thalamus. This serves many different
functions in the nervous system which is also responsible
for the direct control of the endocrine system.

The respiratory system is the cells of the human body that

requires a constant stream of oxygen to stay alive. This
system provides oxygen to the bodys cells while removing
carbon dioxide, which is a waste that can be harmful if
allowed to accumulate. Also, there are three major parts of
the respiratory system which are the airways, the lungs and
the muscles of the respiration.

The muscular system is responsible for the movement of

the human body. Which attached to the bones of the
skeletal system are about 700 named muscle that make up
half of a persons body weight. Each muscle is a individual
organ constructed of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels,
tendons, and nerves. In addition, the muscle tissue is also
found inside the heart, digestive organs, and blood vessels.
In all of these organs, muscles serve to move substances
throughout the whole human body.

Digestive system is a group of organs working together to

convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the
entire body. For example, food passes through a long tube
inside the body known as the alimentary canal or the
gastrointestinal tract. The alimentary canal is made up of
the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small
intestines, and large intestines. In the alimentary canal
there are several important organs that help your body
digest food however do not have food pass through them.
The organs of the digestive system include the teeth,
tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

The excretory system, also known as the urinary system

consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and
urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and
to produce urine. The ureters, urinary bladder, and the
urethra together all form the urinary tract, which plumbs the
system to drain urine from the kidneys and stores it and
which release it during urination. The urinary system
maintains the homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood
pressure, calcium and red blood cells.

The immune system is the way your body fights off germs
and bacteria that can cause sickness or diseases. The
immune system is important to your body because without
it, your body would get sick very easily and very frequently
as a result of having no defense system. White blood cells,
or leukocytes, kill bacteria, so that your body will not have
the reaction of a sickness to them.

The lymphatic system is similar to the cardiovascular

system. However there are some differences. For one, the
lymphatic system is not a closed system. Also, the lymphatic
system is a large part of the immune system. Belonging to
the lymphatic system are the lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and
lymph vessels.