luiza xaWapuriZe,

ramaz xaWapuriZe

samkurnalo locvebisa da Selocvebis tradiciebisaTvis

eklesiur da araeklesiur mrevlSi
janmrTeloba warmoadgens adamianis arsebobis, gamravlebisa da ganviTarebis
mTavar sawindars. xalxis warmodgeniT, daavadebaTa umravlesobas avi, boroti suli
iwvevs. gankurnebis mizniT, adamianebi sxvadasxva saSualebas iyeneben. morwmuneni,
wmida mamaTa swavlebis Tanaxmad, eklesias mimarTaven, xolo isini, vinc mrevlis
wevrebi ar arian _ Selocvebs. ZiriTadad saubari exeba fsiqo-nervul daavadebebs
(SiSi, uZiloba, monadebi/uJmuri, Tvalis cema (Zv. "Zkreba")...), sxva
SemTxvevaSi ki yvela samedicino stacionars miaSurebs.
SeniSvna: eklesiur mrevlSi moiazreba morwmuneTa is nawili, romelic
`regularulad dadis wirva-locvebze, hyavs sulieri moZRvari, aris aRmsarebel-
maziarebeli, aRasrulebs saeklesio wesebs da cdilobs icxovros eklesiis wiaRSi"
(dekanozi arCil mindiaSvili, 1999, gv. 15). araeklesiurSi ki igulisxmeba
qristianulad monaTlul qarTvelTa is nawili da maTi STamomavlebi, romlebic
aTeisturi mmarTvelobis periodSi daSordnen eklesias. isini iSviaTad dadian
eklesiaSi, isic did saeklesio dResaswaulebze da imitom, rom es maTTvis ufro
eTnografiuli faqtia, vidre rwmeniT gamowveuli pativiscema.
Selocvebis ritualisaTvis aucilebel sagnebTan (Savtariani dana, naxSiri,
sakece...) erTad xSirad samkurnalo mcenareebic aris saWiro: tirifi, msxlis
foToli, mravalZarRva, niori, nigozi...
morwmune mrevlSi aRniSnul atributebs cvlis: bza, sulTmofenobisas
eklesiidan wamoRebuli vardis furclebi, cacxvis yvavilebi da foTlebi, nakurTxi
wyali, sakmeveli, did xuTSabaTs nakurTxi an wmidanis saflavidan aRebuli zeTi.
xalxis warmodgeniT, daavadeba, romelic gamoixateba saerTo sisustiT,
SemcivnebiT, kankaliT, sicxiT da uJmuris/monadebis/ mofurCxulis saxeliTaa
cnobili, "avi sulis zegavlena", "avi qaris dacema" iwvevda.
SevniSnavT, rom Cven mier qvemoT moyvanil Selocvebs vimowmebT awsu
qarTveluri dialeqtologiis samecniero-kvleviTi institutis mier wlebis
ganmavlobaSi dasavleT saqarTveloSi Cawerili masalebidan.
Selocva:
"mofurCxulo dediano, mofurCxulo mamiano, mofurCxulo Sviliano, orSabaTs
iyo, samSabacs iyo, oTxSabac iyo, xuTSabac iyo, paraskevs iyo, SabaTs iyo, miwis iyo,
wylis iyo, haeris iyo, daJdomis iyo, adgomis iyo, gavlis iyo, gamovlis iyo...
ZvalSi iyo, ZvalSi gamoi, rbilSi iyo, rbilSi gamoi, yoveli sxeuli gameiare,
yoveli naxti gameiare, gamoiT, gameeyareT; gadi-gamoiT, karSi wamoiT, gadi-gamoiT,
karSi wamoiT, gadi-gamoiT, karSi wamoiT, yoveli sxeuli gameiare, yoveli naxti
gameiare, gamoiT, gameeyareT, Tqveni sviT, Tqveni WameT, amas Tavi daanebeT" (mTqmeli
naziko giorgaZe-makariZe, 65 wlis; dski, fondi C, kas. #5, 1993).
locva boroti sulisagan dacemulisa:
"gina RamiT mxdomeli xar, gina yru, gina utyv, gina Zilsa Sina, gina sizmarsa
Sina... gina trfialebisa, gina ciskrisa, gina Sua-dRisa, gina mwuxrisa... gina zRviT,
gina xmeliT, gina haerisagan, gina wylisagan, gina xeTagan, gina frinvelTagan...
nu daimalviT monisa amas Sina RvTisasa, ganved da nuRara moiqcevi... mswrafl
ganeSoreniT dabadebulisa amisagan Semoqmedisa qristes RvTisa Cvenisasa da warvediT
gonebisa amisagan, sulisa amisagan, gulisa amisagan, ZarRvTagan, TirkmelTagan yovlisa
guamisa amis nawilisagan" (kurTxevani).
monadebis SelocvasTan erTad araeklesiuri mrevli akeTebs e.w. zerans/zenars:
puris comidan amzadeben kacis saxes, acxoben da Sors miaqvT. gavrcelebulia agreTve
Savtariani danisa da nioris gamoyenebac. mlocvels xelSi uWiravs es atributebi,
Cumad butbutebs, niors daniT fcqvnis da sress, Tavze Semoatarebs avadmyofs da
daaynosinebs. meore variantis mixedviT, qaTmis bumbuls ayrian naRverdalze da
kvamls avadmyofs aylapeben. morwmuneni aRniSnuli daavadebisas avadmyofs sakmevelisa
da masze damwvari bzis foTlebis suns aynosinebs. morwmuneTa gadmocemiT: `sakmevlis
kmeva yovelTvis kargia, bibliaSi, tobiasis wignSi weria, ro eSmakebs gandevnis mag"
(mTqmeli nunu iamaniZe, 65 wlis; dski, fondi E, kas. #26, 27).
daavadeba, romelsac daaxloebiT iseTi simptomebi axasiaTebs, rogorc uJmurs,
gaTvalva ewodeba. xalxis rwmeniT, zog borot da TvalTmaqc adamians Tvali avi
aqvs, ese igi, visac an rasac Sexedavs, ueWvelad ziani miadgeba.
Tedo saxokias ganmartebiT: `avi Tvali niSnavs mtrulad, borotad yurebas,
siavis ndomebas vinmesTvis" (T. saxokia, 1979, gv. 10).
avi, boroti, mRalavi Tvalis zemoqmedebas saqarTveloSi `gaTvalva", `Tvalis
kvra", `Tvalis cema", `Tvalis aReba", Zvel qarTulSi ki `Zkreba", `Zvir qmna" ewodeba.
SelocvisaTvis saWiroa Savtariani dana, naxSiri, puri da marili. Selocvis
Semdeg naxSirs fexiT gasresen da avadmyofs pursa da marils SeaWmeven:
`alisasa, malisasa, me gilocav Tvalisasa, Sinourisas, gareulisas, Wreli
Tvalisas, qvrivi kacisas, qvrivi qalisas, yoveli avi Tvalisas. geiara Robeze, meiSala
Roneze; geiara fxali, Camouvarda fxari; geiara bali, wavarda marjvena Tvali; gevida
sipze, gaskta Wipze. rava unda yofa, rava unda jdoma Seni avi TvaliT Semxedavs, avi
yuriT Semxedavs. avCexav, davCexav, Cavadgam qvafsa varvalisasa, vxarSav samas
samozdaxuT weliwacsa, avkrav barsa, niCafsa, gavatnev qarsa da niavsa. samas
samozdaxuTo wminda giorgo, daswere jvari, garaable Tvali. arge, RmerTo, locva
Cemi, brZaneba Seni!" (mTqmeli Tamar didbariZe-doRonaZe; dski, fondi A, kas. #36,
1993).
morwmune mrevlSi aRniSnul Selocvas cvlis locva borotisagan dasaxsneli:
`warved Cemgan marTlukun satana, ufalsa RmerTsa Cemsa Tayvanisvce da mas
mxolosa vmsaxuro... rai ars Seni da Cveni ucxoo RvTisagan, ltolvilo caTagan da
monao boroto da gandgomilo! ara gvaqvs Sen flobai Cveni, qristesa Zesa RvTisasa
aqvs flobai Cveni, yoveli masa vhscodeT da masve sityva ugoTca... Cven simtkiced
gvaqvs jvari patiosani da miT davsTrgunavT Sen gvelisa Tavsa saxeliTa erTarsisa
wmidisa samebisaTa da meoxebiTa yovladwmidisa RvTismSobelisaTa, rameTu massa
hSvenis yoveli dideba, pativi da Tayvaniscema mamisa, da Zisa, da wmidisa sulisa, aw
da maradis, da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin!" (locvani, locva paraskevs diliT, 2000).
an kidev miqael mTavarangelozis locva: `wmidao mTavarangelozo, miqael,
idumalo mfarvelo, meyavn me Semwed yovelTa gansacdelTa, urvaTa, mwuxarebaTa
Sina, udabnoTa, wyalTa, zRvaTa, xmeleTsa, haersa da SenobaSi myofsa da yovels Jams
meqmen mSvid navsayudelad. iyav mfarvel Cemda RamiT, dRisiT, mwolare, mosiarule,
Wamis dros da yovelTvis!" (locvani, aRsareba, 2000, gv. 150).
rac Seexeba daavadebis saxes - uZilobas, igi sagnobrivi atributebiT ar
gamoirCeva. teqstobrivad ki locva da Selocva TiTqmis misdevs erTmaneTs:
locva yrmaTa uZilobisaTvis:
"...ufalo, moec amas Zili lxenisa, Zili xorcTa simrTelisa, gansuenebisa da
aRadgine simrTeliT sadideblad Senda ...angelosi Seni gardamoavline mcvelad...
qriste meufeo Cveno da RmerTo Cveno, dawveba ZaliTa SeniTa da daibeWdavs
yovelsa asosa Tvissa jvariTa SeniTa da daiZinebs mindobiTa safarvelisa SeniTa...
mamao daicav, Zeo daifare, sulo wmidao Seiwyale mona (mxevali) ese Seni!"
(kurTxevani).
Selocva:
"saac es (saxeli) geiars, saac es gameiars,
eso qristes nawolia, eso qristes naRadRadebia,
 dawoba, deeZineba, pirjvari deewereba,
cxra xati, cxra angelozi, TavqveS deesveneba!...
mama gacvia, Ze gartyia, suli wmida garemosia,
oTxo kuTxo, oTxo Tao saxarebisano"...
(mTqmeli bela SavianiZe, 60 wlis; dski, fondi A, kas. #5, 1993).
aRsaniSnavia is garemoeba, rom zemoT moyvanili Selocvebisa da locvebis
teqstebi TiTqmis erTmaneTis Tanxvedria.
rac Seexeba SiSiT daavadebas, SemlocvelTa nawili tyviis gadadnobis rituals
mimarTavs. SesaZlebelia agreTve, Savtariani daniTa da naxSiriT Selocvac.
Selocvisas mcireoden naxSirs daniT CaaTlian wyalSi da avadmyofs asmeven.
`gulo, Sina-Sina, gulo, ram SegaSina, gulo, CaJeq Sensa budesa; fero, modi
ferTan, sisxlo, modi sisxlTan, gulo, modi gulTan, CaJe Sensa budesa, sadac
dabadebis dRes yofilxar; mososmandi, moxoxmandi, CaJeqi Sensa budesa; gulo, Ceicine,
gulo, Ceixalise, gulo Ceixarxare; sadac dabadebis dRes yofilxar, mososmandi,
moxoxmandi da Cajeq Sensa budesa. qori iJda qandarasa, dedali sabudarasa, gza
nagzeurs, wisqvili nawisqvilebsa, gulo, Cajeq Sensa budesa" (dski, fondi А, kas. #
22).
rogorc SeSinebulis, aseve, sxva daavadebebis SemTxvevaSi morwmuneni avadmyofs
ukiTxaven, Cveulebriv, dasawyis locvebs, Semdgom: `locvas sneulsa zeda", miqael
mTavarangelozis, wmida giorgis, kvipriane karTagenelis tropar-kondaks, `locva
borotisagan Tavdasaxsnels", fsalmunebs; saxarebidan: patres sidedris aRdginebas,
eSmakeulis gankurnebas, Tvalebis axilvas, ganrRveulis fexze gatarebas,
sisxlmdinaris gankurnebas, e.i. im adgilebs, sadac aRwerilia uflis mier avadmyofTa
gankurneba. agreTve daujdomlebs, oRond es yvelaferi imis mixedviT, Tu ra
daavadebasTan gvaqvs saqme.
ama Tu im wmidanis tropari imis mixedviT ikiTxeba, Tu cxovrebaSi an Semdgom
ra avadmyofoba gankurna, an Tavad ra gadaitana. magaliTad: wmida vaxtang gorgaslis
_ kbilis tkivilis dros, radgan mas kbilni Seumusres; wm. ioane naTlismcemlis _
Tavis an yelis tkivilis dros, radgan mas Tavi warkveTes; wm. ioane damaskelis _
xelis tkivilisas, radgan mas xeli mohkveTes... RvTismSoblis esa Tu is xati mis mier
gamovlenili saswaulis mixedviT (mswraflSemsmeneli _ sibrmavis dros, yovelTa
dedofali _ avTvisebiani simsivnis dros...).
ucnauria, magram Cven mier mopovebuli Selocvebis ritualisaTvis aucilebel
sagnebsa da samkurnalo mcenareebSi bziT an sakmevliT mkurnaloba ar gvxvdeba. gvaqvs
mxolod bzis savarcxeli (mastitis - wylisas mkurnalobisas) da e. w. monadebis
(uJmuri/ayolili) SemTxvevaSi nakverCxalze qaTmis bumbulis dawva, romlis kvamlsac
avadmyofs aynosineben.
Zvel qarTul samedicino xelnawerebSi bza (Ñàìøèò êîëõèäñêûé. Êàâêàçñêàÿ ïàëüìà.
Uxus colchica, Buxus sempervireins) gvxvdeba uflis xis, SimSiri//SimSati (aWar.), CimCari
(Wan.), bzakali (megr.), baia (svan.) saxelwodebiT. bzis fesvis qerqi Seicavs mware
alkoloids buqsins, ixmareboda Zilis momgvrel saSualebad (m. saakaSvili, p.
belaSvili, 1958, gv. 325-326). bzis foTols xmarobdnen agreTve sasuneleblad sevda-
balRamis dros (z. fanaskertel-ciciSvili, 1988, gv. 357-418).
xalxuri mkurnalobis meTodebSi samkurnalo mcenareebis gamoyeneba (bza,
sakmeveli, tirifi, msxlis foToli, mravalZarRva, niori, nigozi, Rvinis Zmari _
ayalo miwasTan Sezelili, arayi, mzesumziris zeTi...) mowmobs qarTveli xalxis
samedicino gamocdilebas, fsiqo- da fitoTerapiis karg codnas.
xalxuri mkurnalobis ganxiluli magaliTebi cxadyofs, Tu ra Rrma
urTierTmimarTeba arsebobs locvebiTa da SelocvebiT mkurnalobas Soris. Tumca,
xalxur da religiur ritualTa pirvelwyaros garkveva Zalze Znelia.
 damowmebuli literatura

dski - qarTveluri dialeqtologiis samecniero-kvleviTi institutis fondis

masalebi: E _ quTaisi, C _ xoni, A _ okriba.
a. mindiaSvili, 1999 - dekanozi arCil mindiaSvili, qadagebani, Tb., 1999.
kurTxevani, sankt-peterburgi, 1826 (nusxurad).
locvani, aRsareba, Tb., 2000.
mkurnalni da meoxni Cveni RvTis winaSe (tropar-kondakebi), Tb., 1989.
miqael modrekili, himnebi, qarTuli mwerloba, Tb., 1978.
m. saakaSvili, p. belaSvili, 1958 - m. saakaSvili, p. belaSvili, saqarTvelos
medicinis istoria, t. III, Tb., 1958.
T. saxokia, 1979 - T. saxokia, qarTuli xatovani sityva-Tqmani, Tb., 1979
z. fanaskertel-ciciSvili, 1988 - z. fanaskertel-ciciSvili, karabadini, t. II,
Tb., 1988.

RAMAZ KHACHAPURIDZE, LUIZA KHACHAPURIDZE

ON THE HEALING PRAYER AND INCANTATION TRADITIONS IN THE ACTIVE AND

PASSIVE CONGREGATION

Good health has always been the main concern for humans as the basis for the other activities.
According to the folk traditions most of the diseases are inflicted by evil spirits. People refer to
various means for treatment and cure. Believers turn to church according to the advice of the Saint
Fathers, but those who do not follow the church teaching make use of incantations. Mainly these
diseases are of psycho-neurological nature (fears, insomnia, uzhmuri, evil eye,)
As for the active believers the above-mentioned objects are substituted with a box-tree bough,
rose petals taken from the church at Pentecost day, sanctified water, incense, holy water of the Great
Thursday, or the oil taken from the grave of saints.
It is important to mention that the texts of prayers and incantations are mainly identical.
The application of healing herbs in the folk medicine speaks about the medical experience and
knowledge of psycho and phyto-therapy. The instances of treatment discussed in this paper confirm
the deep relationships between the folk incantations and religious prayers but it is not always easy to
determine whether the method originated from the church or from folk