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Consultancy Report
2/8/2010
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Table of Contents
Executive Summary...................................................................................................3
NITIN LAHOTI
N - Nobody
Introduction................................................................................................................4
E-mail-
External Environment.................................................................................................5
I- Is
Nike_lahoti@rediffmail.com
Internal Assessment...................................................................................................6
T- Talented
Organizational Purpose..............................................................................................8
I- In this world as
Strategy Analysis and Choice.....................................................................................9
Current Strategy.......................................................................................................11
N- Nitin Lahoti
Conclusion................................................................................................................11
Bibliography................................................................................................................12
Annexure-1...............................................................................................................13
Balance Sheet.......................................................................................................13
Annexure-2...............................................................................................................14
Profit and Loss Account.........................................................................................14
Annexure-3...............................................................................................................15
SPICE JET P
HASE -
III
Space Matrix.........................................................................................................15
Annexure-4...............................................................................................................16
The Internal – External (IE) Matrix.........................................................................16
Annexure-5...............................................................................................................17
The Grand Strategy Matrix....................................................................................17
Annexure-6...............................................................................................................18
QSPM
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………..18
Executive Summary
This project is on how strategies are important to face the competition in global market. We have done
this project on India’s low cost airlines Spice jet. We will come to know the strategies which are in use
by Spice jet because spice jet is providing lowest air fares to people.
We have done External analysis with help of EFE matrix, PESTEL, Porter’s Five Model, Industry life
cycle and Internal Analysis with help of VRHN Resources, Profit Resources, Supply Chain
Management and IFE matrix. After analyzing internal and external factors we give a look to vision and
mission of company and see the current strategies to achieve this mission and vision. Company is doing
very well and some strategies are very good like, flying at 38,000 feet at place of 34,000 for savings of
fuel and tie ups with Star Navigation, Russell Adams and Tech Log. These tie-ups are providing
technology benefits to company. Company can also go and expand their business to Nepal, Burma and
Bhutan. So that company can give benefits to more customers and do progress.
Introduction
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Spice Jet is a second largest company who is having a low-cost airline. Earlier it was known as Royal
Airways, and this Royal Airways was known as Modiluft. And this was the first private company which
had kept their step into Indian Aviation Sector. And in the year 2005 it change its name to Spice Jet.
There was a objective for launching of a lower cost fares with a very high consumer value, with this the
company had enjoyed the market share of 8%. ()
Spice jet had its own 11 Boeing 737 to 800 aircraft. And currently it is operating 83 flights daily which
are connected to the 14 destination and it is highest in India for the utilization of aircraft. In the year
2008 the Spice jet is awarded as emerging company of the year. It is ranked among the top 10 airlines in
Asia. ()
This sector is largely affected by the tourism sector as well as the policies of Indian government.
We have counted some key factors like the growth of tourism sector; number of passenger is anticipated
to increase and increasing wealth and lifestyle of Indian middle class as key opportunities. We marked
these opportunities and given them more weight age because the growth rate of tourism increase the
number of passenger and increase in the wealth of Indian middle class ultimately help this sector
because increase purchasing power allows them to travel frequently through airlines(Industry &
Services : Infrastructure)().
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
.
As we already pointed out some key opportunities and threats for the airline industry. After this
we put them weightage and rank as per our understanding. At the end we counted the whole score for
Spice Jet and it comes up as 2.1. The ideal score is said about 2.5 and more. It indicates us that SpiceJet
is not utilizing the external environment properly but this score is also not too far from the ideal so we
can say that if it tries a little more it can match to ideal.
The Internal factor analysis is done to analyze how well the company is using its resources. The
objective behind this analysis is to find out what is the company’s key strength which it can convert in
competitive advantage and what are the company’s weaknesses where it has to improve.
We have identified some key strength which SpiceJet has in present. The foremost strength of
this company is its promise for the lowest fare at any route where it exists. It is also important from this
prospective that it has grown up its image in the mindset of customers as the cheapest airline. This
company also has the tie-up with India’s leading bank State Bank of India (SBI) for ticketing. Its
management team is also proving as strength for them as they have international experience of
managing low cost airlines (),(),(),(),().
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
. After going through many web resources and articles we have recognized some prime
weaknesses of the company. The main weakness of the company is their aircrafts; due to this they are
unable to give good service to customers. They are not concentrating on advertising and we can say that
there advertising is inadequate. Also they have to come with some new idea of cost efficiency to
increase revenue because company is not making sufficient profit from existing strategies ()
After pointing out all the strengths and weaknesses of the company we given them appropriate
weightage and ranking. At the end we got the whole score as 2.5. The ideal score for this matrix is also
2.5 and more. It means that company is exploiting its strengths and trying to improve its weaknesses.
But it still can improve because the ideal is more than 2.5 and company’s score is 2.5 so there is a scope
for improvement and it is done by utilizing the strengths properly.
B. Mission
• To become India’s preferred low-cost airline, delivering the lowest air fares with the highest
consumer value, to price sensitive consumers.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
There are 2 major competitors for spice jet. Kingfisher is a competitor because it is a market
leader with 21.1% share and can shift customers(). Indigo airline is a competitor because it is also a low
cost airline with a little more market share than spice jet.
1. Kingfisher Airlines: It is the major competitor of spice jet. It is the market leader of Indian
aviation industry as per market share. This is also counted in major competitor because by
introducing new offers and schemes it is making luxury flight affordable to middleclass which is
the key customer segment of spice jet(.kingfisher.com) ()..
2. Indigo: It is the direct competitor of spice jet because both are low cost airlines. Indigo is also
targeting middle class of Indian society through cheap fares. It has a market share of 14.1%
which is more than spice jet 12.4%().
Spice Jet with the score 2.50 in IFE matrix and 2.10 in EFE matrix, falls in 5 th grid which shows
that it needs to hold, sustain and maintain their position in the competitive market. They should
gradually look for opportunities for growth and market enhancement. Hence the company should give
attention to more on product development and market penetration for in market profit maximization. As
we already mentioned that in Indian market, there is a huge competition and very low margins
available. So they can concentrate over few new routes where no or low competition exist like north-
east India and neighbor countries of India.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
B. TOWS Matrix
In the TOWS matrix we use company’s internal strength, weakness and external opportunities,
threats to make strategy. As we already mentioned strength, weakness, opportunities and threats under
IFE and EFE matrix so now we directly move to make strategy and don not mention these again.
We have made some strategies for company to use opportunities and strength to eliminate weakness
and threats. The complete strategy formulation by TOWS is given in Annexure 3.
SO strategies:
This strategy is made by using company’s strength and opportunities for him. In this strategic
state the company should give attention to take advantage of both the strength and opportunities. The
company can go ahead from strengths, operating resources to become market leader of the market for its
products and services.
As company is known among customer as the cheapest airline of India as well as India has a
huge market potential so we like to give advice that Spice Jet should act aggressively and start services
on some more route, it can also enhance its market by starting in Bangladesh, Nepal and Burma.. By
doing this they can take first mover advantage because there is no low cost airline existing on this route.
WO strategies:
This strategy is made by using weakness and opportunities for company. Strategy under this
section more emphasize over minimizing and eliminating the weaknesses through opportunities. This is
important because a company can categorize opportunities in the external environment but its own
weaknesses which avert the firm from taking benefit.
Spice Jet’s major weakness is its cargo efficiency and its carriers which are on lease. Spice Jet
can do one thing is that there are FDI investors available to give financial aid so it can return its low
efficient leased carrier and purchase new high efficient carrier. It will also help it in cost controlling.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
ST strategies:
This strategy is made by combining strengths of the organization which can deal with threats.
The objective is to make best use of the strength while curtailing the threats. This still does not indicate
that a company can meet or eliminate threats in the external environment directly. A company can only
try to lessen the threats by through its strengths.
There are many threats where we cannot do much but for few we can make strategy. There is a
shortage of pilots in India so they can make a contract with pilot training institutes for pilots. To stop
attrition rate they can sign a long term contract with pilots so they became legally bound and cannot
leave company. Because of high competition in the segment there are a very little margins, for more
margins they can start giving added services like showing movie in flight or describing the outer
scenario as on where we are flying etc. These services can be charged or given for free but these
services can give Spice Jet a competitive advantage.
WT strategies:
These strategies are made up by combining weakness and threats. In broad sense, the aim is to
minimize both weaknesses and threats. A company must have to eliminate a big disaster
It is very difficult to make strategy with weaknesses and threats in account. But we tried to come
up with some possible solutions. As we already mentioned that this is airport infrastructure is not good
and it is affecting service of Spice Jet. Spice Jet can highlight this in its advertising that despite the poor
infrastructure and facilities we are providing cheaper and good services. It can be helpful to get
customer’s attention and sympathy. The biggest threat is the intense competition and price war so the
best way to eliminate this is horizontal integration. They should act aggressively and acquire ‘Go Air’
C. SPACE Matrix
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
The Strategic Position And Action Evaluation or SPACE matrix is a tool to determine strategy
by analyzing financial strength, industrial strength, environmental stability and competitive advantage.
There are 4 quadrants in the matrix which suggests different strategies.
Analysis:
ES average is -15/4 = -3.75 IS average is 13/4 = 3.25
CA average is -11/4 = -2.75 FS average is 13/4 = 3.25
Vector Coordinates: X-axis: IS-CA
3.25 - 2.75 = 0.50
Y-axis: FS-ES
3.25 – 3.75 = (-) 0.50
As we can see the score on X-axis is 0.5 and Y-axis is -0.5. It falls under fourth quadrant of
space matrix which is competitive strategy quadrant()(). The strategies which Spice Jet can consider are
market penetration development, product development, forward and horizontal integration.
We would like to recommend that it can consider going international by starting in Bangladesh,
Nepal, Srilanka and Burma. This market development will give it a big competitive advantage because
only 2 private companies in India are allowed on international routes. None of them is low cost airline
so a big opportunities to grab. Also it will cost lesser because these are neighbor countries of India.
D. Grand Matrix
The Grand strategy is used as a instrument to produce the strategies based on two parameters i.e.
competitive position and the market share. From the IFE and EFE matrix analysis we found that Spice
Jet is not competitively well positioned in the high growth market. Spice Jet does not utilizing its
competitive advantage properly. So they lie in the 2nd quadrant of growth matrix. It consists of many
strategies like market development, market penetration, product development, horizontal integration,
divestiture and liquidation.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Among these we will like to suggest market development and horizontal integration. As we
already mentioned that how they can develop their market by moving into India’s neighbour countries.
They can also concentrate on mergers and acquisitions. They can think to merge with “Go Air”.
Because it is a small developing low cost airline. Merger with this company can benefit Spice Jet
because it will reduce competition as well as it will increase their market share which lead to strong
financial position.
E. Financial Analysis
The balance sheet of the Spice Jet company indicates that the company is not have good
financial position because the company has more current liabilities then current assets and in capital
structure there is huge gap between long term loans and equity.
Debt-Equity Ratio
Debt-equity ratio indicates the long term solvency of the firm. In 2007 the debt-equity ratio was
4.96 and it decreased in 2008 to 4.53. This is not good for the company because the debt-equity ratio is
too high. It indicates that firm is not having proper capital structure. The standard ratio for the debt
equity ratio is 1:2.
Current Ratio
Current ratio indicates firm’s assurance to meet financial requirements. In 2007 current ratio of
the company is 0.73:1 and in the year 2008 it was 0.85:1. This shows that company cannot pay the day-
to-day expense and the current liabilities are greater than current liabilities which is not good for the
company. The standard ratio for current ratio is 2:1.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Fixed assets turnover ratio indicates the extent to which investment in fixed assets contribute
towards sales. Fixed assets turnover ratio is increasing every year which is good for the company. In
2007 the ratio is 12.77 and it increased to 17.43 in 2008.
Inventory turnover ratio indicates whether investment in stock is efficiently used or not.
Inventory turnover ratio is also increasing every year which is good for company. The inventory
turnover ratio is 111.8 in 2007 and it increased to 120.8 in 2008.
1. They should go international by launching services in Bangladesh, Srilanka, Nepal and Bhutan.
2. They should acquire some new players in market like “Go Air”.
Weighing up the above stated strategies with assigned weight to the threats, opportunities,
strength and weaknesses in front of the Spice Jet, and we have figure out that the strategic alternative 2
i.e. Expand in neighbor countries of India is better strategy than acquiring competitor because it got
more attractiveness score. Strategy 1 has the attractiveness score of 4.47; whereas the strategy 2 has got
a score of 5.63.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Current Strategies
In this time period where economy is slowly recovering from economic slowdown Spice Jet has
some strategy which they are using now. Spice Jet is a low cost airline in an intense competition
industry where profit margins are low. To survive in this scenario they are using some strategies, which
are as follows-
1. They flight at a height of 38000 feet which increase their fuel efficiency by 10%. ()
2. Spice jet is paying to oil companies and flight operators before due date, so that they can avail
discount and minimize their cost. ()
3. It has a tie-up with KLM Royal Dutch airlines for the maintenance support of its fleet. KLM is
the oldest airline in the world and is well-known for the maintenance of fleets. Through this
Spice Jet is getting fuel efficiency which further allows them to offer lowest fares().
4. Spice Jet has launched its own Cadet Pilot Program to save itself from the shortage of Pilots.
But this strategy is not working up to expectation().
5. It has tie-up with Star Navigation, Russell Adams and Tech Log for state of the art
technology().
6. It also announces some promotional schemes to recognize itself in customers such as it
announced that on the occasion of 60th Republic Day it will give a 100% discount to defense
personnel from 26 January 2010 to 26 March 2010().
Recommendation
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Strategic Recommendation
After analyzing the whole we came to a conclusion that Spice Jet is not performing up to its
potential so we will like to suggest the company to expand their business in the countries like Nepal,
Bangladesh, Burma and Srilanka [we are not including Pakistan because of its unstable relationship
with India]. These are neighbor countries of India so it can get license from the government easily. The
most important thing is there is no low cost airline exists on these routes so it will not have problem of
little profit margins. Also it is very important that the political and economical conditions of these
countries are improving. [After overcoming from the problem of LTTE Srilanka is one of the preferred
tourist destinations(). Bharti Airtel has acquired Warid {a Bangladeshi telecom company} and also
other Indian companies are eyeing over there so trade between countries will enhance transportation().
As we look at Nepal than it is always a preferred destination for tourism by Indians so by operating on
these routes Spice Jet can generate Profits as well as it can further expand its business in rest of the
world like Gulf and Europe.
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Reference
Bharti Airtel acquires Bangladesh's Warid Telecom. (2010, 01 12). Retrieved 02 05, 2010,
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telecom/108604-7.html
Chowdhury, A. (2008, 10 07). Spicejet to return 3 aircraft by year end. Retrieved 01 05,
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By-Industry/Dubai-crisis-Opportunity-for-Indian-aviation-sector/articleshow/5285677.cms
Indian aviation industry to suffer $1.5b loss, says IATA . (2009, 10). Retrieved 12 11,
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http://www.economist.com/research/articlesBySubject/displaystory.cfm?
subjectid=348873&story_id=E1_TQTSJTRS
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Singhal, M. (2008, 05 14). SpiceJet plans to raise $100 mn for fleet expansion by year-end.
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end/322913/
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
SkyTeam partners and alliances. (n.d.). Retrieved 02 05, 2010, from .klm.com:
http://www.klm.com/travel/in_en/about/company/skyteam_partners/index.htm
Spicejet and Galileo sign Agreement for Exclusive Access to Low Fares. (2006, 07 6).
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strNews=GalileoSignAgreement
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strNews=SpiceJetappointsSeniorManagers
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ismost-preferred-airline-in-india/377482/
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cr/383341/
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train-spicejet-pilots/17733/on
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Appendix
Balance Sheet:
SOURCES OF FUNDS :
Reserves Total - -
676.53 212.67
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Secured Loans 33.27 166.67
APPLICATION OF FUNDS :
Lease Adjustment 0 0
Investments 0 0.36
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
193.48
Appendix
Profit and Loss Account
(Rs in Crores)
Top of Form Mar Mar
09(12) 08(12)
Bottom of Form
Year
INCOME :
Excise Duty 0 0
Stock Adjustments 0 0
EXPENDITURE :
Raw Materials 0 0
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Power & Fuel Cost 947.23 704.24
Tax 0 0
Deferred Tax 0 0
Statutory Appropriations 0 0
Appropriations 0 0
Dividend 0 0
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Preference Dividend 0 0
Equity Dividend % 0 0
()
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Appendix
TOWS Matrix
SO Strategy WO Strategy
1. Can start on some new route to grab huge 1. Can purchase new high efficient carrier with the
market potential. help of FDI investors for cost efficiency
2. Initially these new carriers can be used for new
2. Company should come up with new scheme for route so new customer will feel happy with the
those new markets. service.
ST Strategy WT Strategy
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
1) QSPM
QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) for Spice Jet
Strengths
Weakness
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Opportunitie 18% growth rate of 0.13 4 0.52 0.10 1 0.10
s industry in 2009
Threats
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
Grand Strategy:
NITIN LAHOTI
Spice Jet 2010
Consultancy Report
NITIN LAHOTI