World Cultures

Unit III: Southeast Asia, Oceania and Austrialia

Name: __________________________

SOUTHEAST ASIA [Page 705 709]

A Long History of Diversity:
1. In a paragraph, explain how the early history [prior to 1000 AD] was highly diversified.
Since 111 BC to 939 AD china ruled northern Vietnam. Chinese art, technology, political
ideas, and ethical beliefs shaped Vietnam's culture. Religions such as Hinduism and
Buddhism spread from India and influenced much of Southeast Asia.
2. How was the area of Southeast Asia organized and governed during their early history?
Early Southeast Asia was not a bordered area. The states were organized by mandalas.
Mandalas are states organized as rings of power around a central court.
3. How did this change from 1300-1800?
Five of the most powerful states were starting to begin trade routes which helped out
the economy a lot. Urbanization took place, peninsulas grew to have about 100,000
people in the early 1500s
Colonialism and its aftermath
1. What is colonialism?
Colonial rulers set up centralized, bureaucratic governments with set routines and
regulations.
2. What was the only country in the region that wasnt a colony?
Siam
3. Identify and explain the three ways colonialism changed Southeast Asia.
Colonial rulers set up governments, Europeans forced the colonies to produce commodities
that would help Europe's economy, and colonialism has the unintended effect of sparking
nationalism
4. Skillbuilder: Interpreting Maps [p. 706] -- Answer #1 and #2
1) In the middle of two major colonies 2) Dutch new guinea
5. What changes came to Southeast Asia during WWII?
After the war ended Southeast Asian leaders began to fight for their independence as
separate nations.
6. How was control of the area in Southeast Asia by Japan different than European
control?
Japanese put south East Asians in leadership roles which gave them valuable experience.
7. After WWII, Southeast Asia gained their independence differently. Briefly explain
this statement with examples.
Indonesia had to fight for 4 years to gain their independence. Indochina suffered turmoil
that resulted in the Vietnam War.
An Uneven Economy
1. Southeast Asia has a traditional economy. Explain that statement with specific
examples to back it up.

They depended mostly on agriculture for income. Rice was their biggest food crop.
After the Vietnam War industries and investment and trade were built because the
war ruined the forest.
2. What is ASEAN? How has it helped to create a region within a region?
ASEAN I the association of Southeast Asian Nations, an alliance that promotes economic
growth and peace in the region.
A Rich Mosaic of Culture
1. How is this area a mosaic of religions? Identify the different religions and where they
are practiced.
Catholic, Buddhism, Hinduism.
2. Are there more rural or urban communities in this area?
Rural
3. Interpret the picture of page 709. What does this scene show about diversity in
Malaysia?
Its a group of women and men standing showing that women and men walk around and do
things together
OCEANIA [P. 711-715]
1. Identify these terms and explain their importance in the region:
a. Micronesia- They are little tiny islands
b. Melanesia-Mean that they are black islands
c. Polynesia-It is a group of many islands
d. Subsistence activities-These are activities of in which they only produce food and
other things
e. Copra-The dried meats of coconut
f. Taro-It is a crop that can be eaten many different ways
2. What type of migration is happening within Oceania today?
That people are going there to try and get their resources.
3. How did contact with Europeans and Americans affect the societies of the Pacific Islands?
That they had to change the way the islands are because people come to visits so the have
to make hotels and other things that mess up the island
4. What is distinctive about Oceania in terms of its languages?
They have over 1,100 different languages.
5. How has modern technology both helped and harmed Oceania?
That they are making the cites bigger and not being as urban
AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALIND & ANTARCTICA [P.717-723]
1. What prevents Australia from benefiting completely from its mining industry?
That they are a British colony and never get full profit.
2. What historic actions demonstrated New Zealanders concern for equal rights and social
welfare?
They gave women rights to vote.

3. What is the major activity conducted in Antarctica?

Scientific research is the major activity conducted in Antarctica.