Review:

Chapters 1& 2

Chapter 1:
The Renaissance
& Humanism
1450-1600

Plague

Renaissance

Means rebirth
Time period following the Middle Ages
Changes in the way people think
Tons of new invenJons and discoveries
ReformaJon of Church (break between
Catholic and Protestant)

World map before the Renaissance

Humanism
A new way of thinking

Humanism
This new way of thinking:

Inspired by the past (greek and roman Jmes)
New view of humanity (fascinaJon with man)
Spread by technical innovaJon (prinJng press)

Humanism spreads
quickly

PrinJng Press
invented (1440)

Books become
much more
common.

ReconnecJon with ancient Jmes

The School of Athens Raphael 1510

The ReformaJon

Causes of the ReformaJon

PrinJng Press
Spreads informaJon and ideas faster

Abuses of Church
Church posiJons are sold
Celibacy vows broken
hSps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfpRk9FOFeg
- parody of the Godfather

PoliJcal Power
Leaders using split to their advantage

Indulgences
An Indulgence was a pardon and it released
sinners from performing a penalty for specic
sins.
Church made indulgences sound more
appealing by leading people to believe that
indulgences could buy salvaJon or a place in
heaven.

What is the ReformaJon?

Before the ReformaJon, all ChrisJans in
Europe were Catholic
The (REFORM)aJon was an aSempt to
REFORM (or x) the Catholic Church
People like MarJn Luther wanted to get rid of
corrupJon
Leads to Protestant religions

Protestant Beliefs

Reject the authority of the Pope
Everyone reads the bible for themselves (start
prinJng the bible in dierent languages)
RelaJonship between the individual and God
instead of only through the priests

Chapter 2: European Expansion

in the World

The order of things:

Europeans only knew about Europe, Asia and
Northern Africa
New invenJons happened (beSer ships,
navigaJon equipment, etc.)
They discovered new territories
They started invading territories and taking
over other countries/populaJons

Known Territory 1400

NEW INVENTIONS LEAD TO

EXPLORATION

EXPLORERS FIND NEW ROUTES

AND NEW LANDS

START TO CONQUER THESE

LANDS AND PEOPLE

DestrucJon of civilizaJons

Aztecs: TenochJtlan taken over by Cortez

Smallpox blankets

Decline of NaJve PopulaJon

Before the arrival of European colonists, there
were millions of naJve people living in the
Americas and Australia
Europeans brought diseases (like smallpox) to
these places, and also treated the NaJves very
violently in order to take their land and exploit
them

Slave Trade
Traders captured and sold millions of African
people into slavery during this Jme
The majority of them were shipped to South
America, the Caribbean area and what is now
the Southern United States

Copernicus Heliocentric Theory

Accepted Earth revolves around Sun