Chemical Reactions

Section 9.1 Reactions and

Equations

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Section 9.1 Reactions and Equations

Recognize evidence of
chemical change.
Represent chemical
reactions with equations.
Balance chemical
equations.

chemical change: a
process involving one or
more substances changing
into a new substance
chemical reaction
reactant

Chemical reactions are

represented by balanced
chemical equations.

product
chemical equation
coefficient

Chemical Reactions
The process by which one or more
substances are rearranged to form different
substances is called a chemical reaction.

Chemical Reactions (cont.)

Evidence of a chemical reaction
Change in temperature
Change in color
Odor, gas, or bubbles may form.

Representing Chemical Reactions

Chemists use statements called equations
to represent chemical reactions.
Reactants are the
starting substances.
Products are the
substances formed in
the reaction.
This table summarizes
the symbols used in
chemical equations.

Representing Chemical Reactions (cont.)

In word equations, aluminum(s) +
bromine(l) aluminum bromide(s) reads
as aluminum and bromine react to
produce aluminum bromide.
Skeleton equations use symbols and
formulas to represent the reactants and
products.
Al(s) + Br(l) AlBr3(s)
Skeleton equations lack information about
how many atoms are involved in the reaction.

Representing Chemical Reactions (cont.)

A chemical equation is a statement that
uses chemical formulas to show the
identities and relative amounts of the
substances involved in a chemical reaction.

Balancing Chemical Equations

This figure shows the balanced equation
for the reaction between aluminum and
bromine.

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

A coefficient in a chemical equation is the
number written in front of a reactant or
product, describing the lowest whole-number
ratio of the amounts of all the reactants and
products.

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

The most fundamental law in chemistry is
the law of conservation of mass.
Balanced equations show this law.

Balancing Chemical Equations (cont.)

Section 9.1 Assessment

Which of the following is NOT a chemical
reaction?
A. a piece of wood burning
B. a car rusting
C. an ice cube melting into water
D. red litmus paper turning blue

A.
B.
C.
D.

A
B
C
D

Section 9.1 Assessment

What is the coefficient of bromine in the
equation 2Al(s) + 3Br2(l) 2AlBr3(s)?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 6

A.
B.
C.
D.

A
B
C
D