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Work and Wages

Rule 1
Theorem: A can do a work in x days and B can do the same
work in y days. If the contractfor the work is RsX, and both
of them work togehter, then the share of A and B is given by
Rs

X
-xy
x+ y

and

X
-xx
x+ y

3.

respectively.

Illustrative Example
Ex:

A can do a work in 6 days and B can do the same work


in 5 days. The contract for the work is Rs 220. How
much shall B get if both of them work together?

Soln: Method I: As 1 day's work

4.

Both of them work together to do the work. If the total


amount paid for the work is Rs 440, how much is A's
share in it?
a)Rs200
b)Rs250
c)Rs240
d)Rs260
Ram can do a certain work in 15 days while Chandan can
do it in 25 days. Both work together and finish the work.
In what ratio should the total earnings be divided between them?
a) 3:5
b)2:5
c)5:2
d)5:3
A, B and C can do a work in 4, 6 and 10 days respectively. They finish the work together and earn Rs 310.
What is the share of each?
a) Rs 150, Rs 100, Rs 60
b) Rs 140, Rs 110, Rs 60
c) Rs 160, Rs 90, Rs 60
d) Rs 150, Rs 110, Rs 50

Answers
l.a
2.c
3. d; Hint: Ram's wage: Chandan's wage

B's 1 day's work =


F t

ratio of their wages

x6 =

ftsl20.

5+6
Method II: As wages are distributed in inverse proportion of number of days, their share should be in
the ratio 5:6
220 ''
.-. B's share = " j y - * Rs 120.
Method III: Applying the above theorem, we have

xy:

XX

x+ y

x+ y

6*5

220
B's share =

5:6

or, y:x [i.e. the ratio in which the wages are divided is in
inverse proportion to the time taken by them to do the
work alone] = 25 :15 = 5:3
Note: This rule can be extended to more than two workers
also. Seethe Q.No. 4.
4. a; Hint: A's share : B's share : C's share

X
B'sshare= J^y~

xx

220
J ^

= 1:1:^
= 15:10:6
4 6 10

c
+

= Rsl20.

15
A's share =

Exercise
1.

2.

Two men A and B, working together complete a piece of


work which it would have taken them respectively 12
and 18 days to complete if they worked separately. They
received in payment Rs 1492.50, find their shares.
a) Rs 895.50, Rs 597
b) Rs 895, Rs 597.50
c) Rs 885.50, Rs 607
d) Rs 885, Rs 607.50
A can do a work in 10 days while B can do it in 12 days.

15 + 10 + 6

310 =R

x310 =

B's share

C's share =

x310
.15 + 10 + 6

Note: (Also see RuIe-2)

R s

150
100

Rs60

P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R MATHS

392

Rule 2
Theorem: A, B and C can do a work in x, y and z days
respectively. If doing that work together they get an amount
(
ofRs X,. then the share

ofA=Rs

Xyz

xy + xz + yz

2.

Xxz
Share of B = Rs

and Share of C = Rs

xy + xz + yz

3.

Xxy
yxy + xz + yz^
and ratio of their shares is given by A:B:C = yz:xz:xy

7 days. How should the money be divided among them?


a) Rs 147, Rs 122.50, Rs 105
b) Rs 157, Rs 122.50, Rs 95
c) Rs!47,Rs 112.50, Rs 115
d) Rs 137, Rs 132.50, Rs 105
A, B and C contract to do a work for Rs 4200. A can do
the work in 6 days, B in 10 days and C in 12 days. If they
work together to do the work, what is the share of C?
a)Rs2000
b)Rsl200
c)Rsl000
d)Rsl500
A, B and C contract to do a work for Rs 6500. A can do
the work in 10 days, B in 15 days and C in 20 days. If they
work together to do the work, what is the share of B?
a)Rs200
b)Rs3000
c)Rsl500
d)Rs2500

Answers
l.a

2,c

3.a

Illustrative Example
A, B and C can do a work in 6, 8 and 12 days respectively. Doing that work together they get an amount
of Rs 1350. What is the share of B in that amount?
Soln: Detail Method:

Rule 3

Ex:

Theorem: A person A can do a work in x days. With the


help of a another person B, he can do the same work in y
days. If they get Rs Xfor that work, then the share of A and

1
A's one day's work =
6

B is given by Rs

B's one day's work =

Illustrative Example

Xy
respectively.

Ex:

A man can do a work in 10 days. With the help of a


boy he can do the same work in 6 days. If they get Rs
50 for that work, what is the share of that boy?
Soln: Detail Method:

C's one day's work =


12
As share : B's share : C's share =

1 1
^ .,

10x6
The boy can do the work in - = 15 days

Multiplying each into ratio by the LCM of their denominators, the ratios become 4:3:2.
B's share =

and Rs

(Recall the theorem)


Man's share : Boy's share = 15: 10 = 3 :2

1350
-x3 = R 4 5 0 .
S

Man's share = ~ x 3 =

Quicker Method I: Applying the above theorem, we


have:

Boy's share

1350
Share of B =
=
x72 = Rs450.
48 + 96 + 72
216
Quicker Method II:
A's share : B's share : C's share
= B's time * C's time: A's time x C's time : A's time x
B's time

50
:

30 .

x 2 = Rs 20

1350x6x12

= 96:72:48 = 4 : 3 : 2
1350 '

Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem


Man's share
Boy's share

1.

Exercise
A, B and C together do a piece of work for Rs 374.50. A
working alone could do it in 5 days, B working alone
could do it in 6 days and C working alone could do it in

= Rs 30.

10

50x(lQ-6)
:

10

= Rs 20.

Exercise

.-. B's share = x3 =Rs450.

1.

50x6
:

2.

Ram can do a work in 20 days. Ram and Shyam together


do the same work in 15 days. I f they are paid Rs 400 for
that work, what is the share of each.
a)Rs300,RslOO
b) Rs 200, Rs 200
c)Rs250,Rsl50
d)Rs350,Rs50
Suresh can do a work in 15 days. Suresh and Ramesh

Work and Wages

3.

together do the same work in 10 days. I f they are paid Rs


1500 for the work, how should the money be divided
between them?
a) Rs 1000, Rs 500
b) Rs 700, Rs 800
c) Rs 1200, Rs 300
d) None of these
Sohan can do a work in 25 days. Sohan and Mohan
together do the same work in 20 days. If they are paid Rs
625 for the work, how much money should Mohan get?
a)Rs400
b)Rs200
c)Rsl00
d)Rsl25

2.

3.

Answers
l.a

2. a

3.d

Rule 4

Answers

Theorem: A and B undertake to do a work for Rs X. A can


do it alone in x days and B in y days. If with the assistance
of a boy they finish the work in'd' days, then the share that

, B gets is Rs

and the Boy gets is


y)

x+ y

Rs X

l.a

2.d

3.c

Rule 5
Theorem :A,BandC

(dX)

dX
A gets is Rs

assistance of a boy they finish it in 3 days. Find the


share of the boy.
a)Rs25
b)Rsl00
c)Rs75
d)Rs50
A and B contract to do a work together for Rs 300. A
alone can do it in 8 days and B alone in 12 days. But with
the help of C they finish it in 4 days. Find the share of C.
a)Rs30
b)Rs60
c)Rsl00
d)Rs50
Sita and Gita undertake to do a work together for Rs 600.
Sita alone can do it in 15 days and Gita alone in 20 days.
But with the assistance of Rita they finish it in 5 days.
Find the share of Rita.
a)Rsl50
b)Rs200
c)Rs250
d)Rs300

contract a workfor Rs X. If together,

x
A and B are supposed to do ~~ of the work, then the share
y
-

L%

xy
And the ratio of shares is given by A: B: Boy = dy: dx: xy
-d(x+y)

Rs X 1 - of C is given by Rs

Illustrative Example

Illustrative Example

Ex:

Ex:

A and B undertake to do a work for Rs 56. A can do it


alone in 7 days and B in 8 days. If with the assistance
of a boy they finish the work in 3 days, then the boy
gets Rs
.
Soln: Detail Method:
A's 3 days' work + B's 3 days' work + Boy's 3 day's
work = 1

. -

3
7

does C get?
Soln: Detail Method: (A + B) did work and C did

11
56

work

550

x4 = fo200,
11
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
have
C's share

= 24:21:11

56

x l l =Rs 11.
24 + 21 + 11
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula, we
have
:

Boy's share * 56

7+8

C's share = 5 5 0 ^ 1 - ^ j = fo 200.

Exercise
1.

foil

A, B and C undertake to do a work for Rs 660. A and B


8

7x8

together do of the work and rest is done by C alone.

Exercise
1.

11

7 4
(A + B)'s share : C's share = : = 7:4

3 3 11 _ 3x56 3x56 11x56


Ratio of shares = - > - : - :
:

;. Boy's share

A, B and C contract a work for Rs 550. Together A

1-1
11

8j

y)

and B are supposed to do of the work. How much

3 3
Or + + Boy's 3 day's work = 1
7 o
Or, Boy's 3 day's work = '

Two men undertake todoapieceof work for Rs 200. One


alone could do it in 6 days, the other in 8 days. With the
2.

How much should C get?


a)Rs200
b)Rsl60
c)Rsl80
d)Rsl90
A, B and C undertake to do a work for Rs 707. A and B

P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R MATHS

394
2.

Wages of 20 boys for 15 days is Rs 9000. I f the daily


wage of a man is one and half times that of a boys, how
many men must work for 30 days to earn Rs 13500?
a) 12 men
b) 20 men
c) 16 men
d) 10 men
Wages of 10 women for 5 days is Rs 1250. The daily
wage of a man is twice that of a woman. How many men
must work for 8 days to earn Rs 1600?
a) 5 men
b)8men
c)4men
d)6men

together do of the work and rest is done by C alone.


How much should C get?
3.

a)Rs202
b)Rs200
c)Rsl02
d)Rsl50
A, B and C undertake to do a work for Rs 480. A and B

3.

1
together do of the work and rest is done by C alone.

Answers
How much should C get?
a)Rs360
b)Rsl20
c)Rs240

l.b

2.d

3.c

d)Rsl80

Rule 7

Answers
l.c

2.a

3.a

Theorem: x men and y boys can earn Rs X\ d\


x

Rule 6

if x

men and y

the

following

Theorem: Wages for x women amount to Rs X\ d\

boys can earn Rs X

relationship

in d

days, then

is

obtained

days. If the daily wage of a man is n times that of a woman,


then the number of men that receive Rs X

days is

A)

for the work of

men _

X y d -X y d
[

boys
X

Illustrative Example

1^1 J
Ex:
Wages for 45 women amount to Rs 15525 in 48 days.
How many men must work 16 days to receive Rs 5750,
the daily wages o f a man being double those of a
woman?
Soln: Detail Method:
5
115
Wage of a woman for a day = = Rs -rr
45x48
16
1 5 5 2

EK

3 men and 4 boys can earn Rs 756 in 7 days. 11 men


and 13 boys can earn Rs 3008 in 8 days. In what time
will 7 men with 9 boys earn Rs 2480?

756
Soln: (3m + 4b) in 1 day earn Rs - ~ = Rs 108

( l l m + 13b) in 1 day earn Rs

3008

= Rs 376

....(2)

From (1), we see that to earn Re 1 in 1 day there should


Thus, wage of a man for a day = 2 x

115
16

Rs

[15

Now, number of men

3m + 4b
be persons. Similarly, from (2), to earn Re 1
108
in 1 day there should be

Total wage

11m+136
376

persons.

No. of days x 1 man's 1 day's wage


5750x8
16x115

And also;
= 25 men.

3m+ 46

l l m + 136

108

376

or,m(3 x 3 7 6 - l l x 108) = b(108* 13-4*376)....(**)

Note: We should remember the relationship:


Total wage = One person's one day's wage * No. of
persons x No. of days
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have
5750 48 45
e n - x - x = 25

m _ 100 _ 5
' b ~ 60 * 3
Now, from (1)
(3m + 4b) in 1 day earn Rs 108

l h e n o . o f

m e n

.
or, 3m + 4 x - m in 1 day earn Rs 108

Exercise
1.

27m

If the wages of 45 women amount to Rs 46575 in 48 days,


how many men must work 16 days to receive Rs 17250,
the daily wages of a man being double than those of a
woman?

or, j-

a) 20 men

108x5
.-. 1 m in 1 day earns Rs = Rs 20

b) 25 men

c) 30 men

d) 15 men

in 1 day earn Rs 108

and Wages

395

Thus, we get that a man earns Rs 20 daily and a boy


earns

2.

v,;i*9gp DbnBffi ^fib.01 .-ni;QW?*ff n a t t i a r ^ 3 Rs 2 0 x - =Rs 12 daily.


3.
V 7m + 9bearnRs(7x20 + 9 x 12) = Rs248in 1 day.
7m + 9b earn Rs 2480 in 10 days,
i *) Since both the LHS and the RHS denote the same
quantity: "Number of persons earning Re 1 in 1 day".
**) We can arrive at this step directly be using crossmultiplication-division rule. Arrange the given information as follows:
Men
Boys
Earning
Days
| .3
4
x
756
7
11
13
x
3008
Now,
3x3008
Men

4.

5.

If 3 men with 4 boys can earn Rs 2100 in 7 days and 11


men with 13 boys can earn Rs 8300 in 8 days, in what
time will 7 men with 9 boys earn Rs 11000?
a) 16 days
b) 18 days
c) 14 days
d) 20 days
I f 12 men with 13 boys can earn Rs 4893.75 in 3 days and
5 men with 6 boys can erarn Rs 3562.50 in 5 days, in what
time will 3 men with 4 boys earn Rs210?
a) 8 days
b ) 7 days
c) 10 days
d)9 days
5 men and 5 women earn Rs 660 in 3 days. 10 men and 20
women earn Rs 3500 in 5 days. In how many days can 6
men and 4 women earn Rs 1300?
a)5 days
b) 10 days
c ) 6 days
d) 12 days
4 men and 6 boys earn Rs 1600 in 5 days. 3 men and 7
boys earn Rs 1740 in 6 days, in what time will 7 men and
6 boys earn Rs 3760?
a) 6 days
b) 8 days
c) 10 days
d) 12 days

Answers

11x756^

Id;

8
^13x756
Boys
7

4x3008j
8

3825x3x4-1050x7x6

1800

1050x6x5-3825x2x4

900

= 2:1

3825
- 637.5
6
5m + m can earn in 1 day Rs 637.5
2

~b 3

Men
Boys

1 men = 2 boys.
(5m + 7b) can earn in 6 days Rs 3825.

or,m(3 x 3 7 6 - l l x 108) = b(108* 1 3 - 4 * 3 7 6 )

'

Hint:

5m + 7b can earn in 1 day

Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we


have
men

756x13x8-3008x4x7

-5600

boys

3008x3x7-756x11x8

-3360

637.5x2

.-. Im can earn in 1 day

KS is

17
75
and / b can earn in 1 day Rs

756
Now, 3m + 4b in 1 day earn Rs ~z~ = Rs 108.

75
(7m + 6b) can earn in 1 day = 7 x 75 + 6 x = Rs 750
or, 3mx4x-m

i i day earn Rs 108


n

.-. Rs 22500 can be earned by


27m
2. a

108x5
I m in 1 day earns Rs

27

(22500

(7/W + 66) in

in 1 day earn Rs 108

or,

3.b

4. a

5.b

Rs 20.

Thus, we get that a man earns Rs 20 daily and a boy


3
earns Rs 20 x - = Rs 12 daily
5
V 7m + 9bearnRs(7x20 + 9 x 12) = Rs248in 1 day
.-. 7m + 9b earn Rs 2480 in 10 days.

lercise
If 5 men with 7 boys can earn Rs 3825 in 6 days and 2
men with 3 boys can earn Rs 1050 in 4 days, in what time
will 7 men with 6 boys earn Rs 22500?
a) 15 days
b) 20 days
c) 25 days
d) 30 days

= 30 days

I, 750

Rule 8
Theorem: IfA, B and C together earn Rs x , in d days, A
x

and C together earn Rs x

gether earn Rs Xy in d

xd
f

isRs

d .d.
x

days and B and C to-

days, then the daily earning of A


xd

-x d

Rs

in d

B is Rs

-x d
2

and C is

P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R MATHS

396
Illustrative Example

Exercise

Ex:

1.

A, B and C together earn Rs 1350 in 9 days. A and C


together earn Rs 470 in 5 days. B and C together earn
Rs 760 in 10 days. Find the daily earning of C.
Soln: Detail Method: Daily earning of A + B + C

2.

/^y 1350

Rs 150 ....(l)

to470
_ .
Daily earning of A + C = - = to 94 ...(2)
n

Rs 760

= Rs 76 ..(3)
10
From (1) and (2) daily earning of B
= 150-94 = Rs56....(4)
From (3) and (4) daily earning of C = 76 - 56 = Rs 20
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
have
Daily earning of B + C

3.

760 470
daily earning o f C - + ^

4.

.1
*
450 in 4 days. Find the daily earning of A.
a)Rs40

1350

9
= 76 + 94-150 = Rs20.

A, B and C together earn Rs 2700 in 18 days. A and C


together earn Rs 940 in 10 days. B and C together earn
Rs 1520 in 20 days. Find the daily earning of C.
a)Rs20
b)Rs40
c)Rsl0
d)None of these
A, B and C together earn Rs 640 in 8 days. A and C
together earn Rs 250 in 5 days. B and C together earn Rs
420 in 6 days. Find the daily earning of C.
a)Rs60
b)Rs50
c)Rs80
d)Rs40
A, B and C together earn Rs 1500 in 10 days. A and C
together earn Rs 800 in 8 days. B and C together earn Rs
900 in 9 days. Find the daily earning of B.
a)Rs50
b)Rs60
c)Rs40
d)Rs30
A, B and C together earn Rs 750 in 5 days. A and C
together earn Rs 400 in 4 days. B and C together earn Rs

b)Rs60

c)Rs55

Answers
l.a

2. a

3. a

4. d

d)Rs50

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