The below assignment has to be handed-in by 3:00 pm on the
___________Instructions on how upload a soft copy on the turnitin.com website will be intimidated later; you are expected to retain a soft copy of the assignment till the end of the semester. The penalty for plagiarizing from any source without proper referencing (Use Harvard referencing with a bibliography at the end) is zero (0) in all the assignments. If you want to test the assignment on your own, turnitin charges a $5 fee for students to receive plagiarism analysis before handing in the final copy. The total weighting for this assignment toward your final grade is five (5) percent. For this assignment, you should at least use the lecture notes, textbook and the research papers in this folder. I would also advise doing your own research on the internet as well. If you need to use additional papers, you send the title of the paper you need to the library for procurement. The word limit is at least 2000 words with no max limit. Marks will be deducted for grammatical, spelling, presentation, punctuation and logical mistakes. After finishing the assignment you should at least read it three (3) times yourself and have someone else read it too for errors. Please email me asif.malik@nu.edu.pk
for
any
further
clarification.
Question A: The IPO process is characterized by information
asymmetries. Explain how these asymmetries may be reduced through the book-building process. Question B: Researchers have noticed that IPOs tend to be underpriced in the short-term and to under-perform in the long-term. Explain how under-pricing is measured in empirical studies and explain why these phenomena of under pricing in the short-term and under-performing in the long-term are observed. Question C: Explain the three ways in which an overseas company can obtain a listing in the American Markets. Why might a company seek to list abroad? Question D: Companies that want to list on stock exchanges need to fulfill certain financial requirements (value of firm, minimum revenue etc.) and requirements related to board of directors (number of independent directors etc. List these requirements in detail for listing on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Also explain how the requirements about the board of directors for NYSE may counter the Principle-Agent problem.