1

Moving Matters
Ball State University
Muncie, Indiana
HSC 300
Amanda Raker
Maxine Wallace
Jeremy Salmon
Natasha Pinger
December 2, 2014

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Executive Summary
Seniors in Delaware County have relatively poor health outcomes compared to
the rest of Indiana. Much of this is due to a lack of financial resources, access to
preventative health care, and a lack of knowledge of how to exercise safely and
effectively. Our program, Moving Matters, is a six week exercise program for the seniors
of Delaware County. Moving Matters will take place in Ball Gymnasium and will meet
three times per week to address physical health concerns and improve seniors strength,
flexibility, balance, and endurance. Through extensive research we have concluded that a
combination of moving meditation (tai-chi or yoga), water aerobics, and weight-bearing
exercises would be the most beneficial types of exercises due to their low impact nature.
We also wish to increase self-efficacy, knowledge, social interaction, and longevity to
individuals whom may be suffering from chronic disease.
Our one hour classes will also demonstrate how to calculate ones resting and
target heart rate, as well as teach them what kind of exercises and stretches they can do
safely at home. Moving Matters also gives seniors a chance to socialize and support one
another as they work towards their physical fitness goals. The aspect of social support is
very important to our program because it allows the participants to hold each other
accountable for attending the classes and creating positive change.
Moving Matters is dedicated to the safety of all participants which is why all staff
will be CPR/AED certified. Life guards will be on available during pool activities,
flotation devices for unconfident swimmers, and EMTs on standby. Participants will be
required to have a doctors permission to join our program as well as sign a waiver before

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participating. Moving matters could be the program that jump-starts a healthier life for
the senior citizens in Delaware County.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.

Introduction
Planning Committee
Planning Model Used
Needs Assessment
Mission Statement, Goals, and Objectives
Intervention
Resources
Marketing
Implementation
Evaluation
References

5-7
8
9
10 - 15
16
17-18
19-20
21-22
23
24
25 - 26

Introduction
Moving Matters is a program designed to meet the needs of older adults from the
age of 65 years and older in Delaware County. Older adults are among the fastest
growing age groups. The baby boomers, which, are adults born between the years 19461964, will have turned 65 in 2011. More than 37 million people in this group will manage

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more than 1 chronic disease (Healthy People 2020, 2014). Older adults are specifically at
risk for chronic conditions such as, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, congestive heart failure,
and dementia (Healthy People 2020, 2014). These statistics and facts are the driving force
behind our program. Older adults have a need for health services and programs that
improve their quality of life and longevity, and that is exactly what our program is
designed to do.
Moving Matters is designed to create a friendly social environment where the
senior citizens of Delaware County can work out three times a week with certified
professionals to help them begin or continue a life involving physical activity. The
program is also designed to provide older adults with the necessary skills to be physically
active at home. Less than 20 percent of older adults engage in enough physical activity,
and fewer do strength training. (Healthy People 2020, 2014), because of this Moving
Matters will provide three different activities on three different days of the week that get
older adults to participate in cardio, stretching, and strength training exercises. Each year
1 out of 3 older adults fall, which lead them to live a sedentary lifestyle (Healthy People
2020, 2014). This statistic is critical to know when developing a program for older adults
because this issue of falling comes from a lack of strength, and stability. Tai- Chi, water
aerobics, and weight -bearing exercises are the perfect combination to improve older
adults stamina, stability, and strength.
Tai Chi is one of the key aspects to our program because it can easily be adapted
to anyone, and to get begin Tai Chi, one does not need to be in the best shape of their life.
The movements are usually circular and never forced. This allows the muscles to be
relaxed instead of tense, and the joints are never fully extended or bent. Tai Chi is slow

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and gentle, so it doesnt leave one breathless. The key components that this exercise
works on are muscle strength, flexibility, and balance (Harvard Health Publications,
2009). Tai Chi has also shown benefits with patients that have low bone density, arthritis,
heart disease, and hypertension which are a few chronic diseases mentioned earlier that
greatly affect the older population (Harvard Health Publications, 2009). For those
reasons we have chosen Tai Chi for our program because this will reduce falls in older
adults by promoting balance and strength in a low impact way.
Water aerobics was also chosen for our program because of the benefits that are
seen with people that have arthritis. It can improve the quality of life while decreasing
disability in older adults. This is also the part of our program that promotes more cardio
than the other two exercises we offer. The health benefits that derive from water activities
are too good to be dismissed. Swimmers have about half the risk of death compared with
inactive people (Centers for Disease Control, 2013). Even though some people in our
target audience might not be able to swim laps there is still valuable exercises that can be
done in the water that will improve their arthritis, diabetes and heart disease. This
exercise along with Tai Chi combines two completely different activities that will interest
older adults to continue on their own in their future.
Lastly, weight-bearing activities were chosen for our program because of the lack
of older adults that are training with body resistance or weights. Once again this exercise
is proven to reduce the signs and symptoms of chronic conditions such as, arthritis,
diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, and back pain (Centers for Disease Control, 2011).
Weight-bearing activities are safe for men and women, including those that are not in

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perfect health. For these reasons weight-bearing exercises will be implemented into our
program along with Tai Chi and water aerobics.
Moving Matters is a program that promotes physical activity to older adults in a
new and safe way. It is our programs mission to increase flexibility, strength, and cardio
in older adults and to provide self-efficacy, knowledge, social interaction, and longevity
to individuals whom may be suffering from chronic disease. Tai Chi, water aerobics, and
strength training are all exercises that improve chronic conditions that are specifically
more prevalent in older adults. All three exercises can easily be modified for individuals
that might be at different health levels. By providing different exercises through the
week, we hope that older adults will find one exercise if not all of them that they really
enjoy and can carry out in their life after the program ends. We designed our program to
be versatile so a higher number of individuals will want to return and participate. These
are the three best exercises geared towards older adults with visible significant health
benefits.

Planning Committee
o
o
o
o
o
o

Maxine Wallace
Jeremy Salmon
Natasha Pinger
Amanda Raker
Amber Penrod (Wellness director, Northwest YMCA)
Richard Simmons

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o Dawn M. Taylor (Director of Alpha Center: Adult Day Care.
Muncie, IN)

Planning Model Used

We decided to use the Transtheoretical Model for formatting our program. We
want to help guide the elderly through the steps of the model in order to help them
achieve more physical activity.

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The first step that our program participants would be in would be precontemplation. In this step, we will discuss how physical activity is good for them and
what the benefits of participating in our program will be. They will learn how many
different types of exercises there are. We would like to help them find a physical activity
that they would enjoy and continue to do to maintain that healthy lifestyle. The goal of
this step is to increase their education about physical fitness.
The next step would be contemplation. In this stage, we will show them what the
risks of not participating in our program are and how that will affect them. We will give
them a workout booklet that would have a physical activity log in it. The participants
would then be required to fill out the log as the program continues.
We start applying physical activity and teaching the participants proper form and
technique in order for them to receive all the benefits of the workout. They will start
making notes in their workout log and get familiar with the workouts that are in the
program.
In the action stage, we are performing the workouts and making it a lifestyle
change. We are logging all physical activity done in the program and give rewards to the
participants that are reaching the goals that they put for themselves. They are making
progress and maintaining all the progress that we made in the maintenance stage.

Needs Assessment
Physical activity for all ages is a critical factor for a healthy and long life. A lack
of physical inactivity can lead to chronic disease and disability such as, early death,
coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, breast and colon cancer, falls, and

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depression (Healthy People 2020, 2014). It is evident in the U.S. that there are factors
that are prohibiting persons from not being physically active. The barriers that effect
many individuals are access, knowledge, income, education, social support, safe
neighborhoods, and self efficacy, which all of these play important roles in the steps to
being physically active (Healthy People 2020, 2014). Physical activity is important for all
age groups but especially important for individuals aged 65 years and older. At this age
loss of strength and stamina are seen which leads to risks of falling and fracturing bones.
By increasing and promoting a fitness program targeted toward this age group, a number
of health benefits can be seen, but first understanding the demographics, barriers, risk
factors, and community will help identify the problem and priority population more
clearly.
According to the U.S. Administration on Aging, the older population consisting of
persons 65 years and older made up 43.1 million people in the U.S. in 2012. This number
represented 13.7% of the U.S population (2013). In Indiana, persons 65 years and older
make up 13.9% of the population, more specifically in Delaware County 15.7% of the
population is made up of persons 65 years and older (U.S. Census Bureau, 2013). It is
important to know and understand the older population in Delaware County when
implementing and developing a fitness program. Delaware County is not very diverse,
with Caucasians making up 89.4% of the population, African Americans making up
7.1%, American Indian and Alaska Native making up 0.3%, Native Hawaiian making up
0.1%, Asian making up 1.1%, two or more races making up 2.1%, and lastly Hispanic
making up 2.0% of the population (U.S Census Bureau, 2013) By understanding the

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statistics above, designing, and implementing an exercise program for people 65 years
and older will help target our priority population.
Physical activity is essential to a persons health, whether that is improving
cardiorespiratory endurance, burning calories, preventing chronic diseases, or improving
strength and flexibility. It is especially important for individuals that are 65 years and
older. According to the Presidents Council on Fitness, Sport, and Nutrition, more than
80% of adults do not meet the guidelines for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening
activities. Only 35-44% of persons 75 and older are physically active, and 28-34% of
adults ages 65-74 are physically active. The states that report the highest physical activity
rates are Vermont (65.3%), Hawaii (62.2%), Montana (60.1%), and Alaska (60.1%)
(Presidents Council on Fitness, Sport, and Nutrition). In Indiana the adults who reported
no leisure-time physical activity were 29.2% of the population, while 46.0% of the
population met the 150 minute aerobic activity guideline (CDC, 2014). This is well below
the other states that were reporting high physical activity rates and is a concern not only
to the economy, but individuals overall health and lifestyles. When looking at the
nations overall physical activity rates and then looking at Indiana and more specifically
Delaware County, the IU health Community created a needs assessment where obesity
and healthy lifestyle choices, like working out, were expressed by community leaders as
the most popular community health concern (Eggers, Berry, Moore & Poteet, 2011).
More specifically, Delaware County has trouble getting residents to partake in any
wellness activities. One leader in Delaware County explained that the community is
lucky enough to have such an extensive resource as the Cardinal Greenway for wellness
activities, but it is rarely used compared to trails he has seen in other communities

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(Eggers, Berry, Moore & Poteet, 2011). This is a major concern for health officials and
community leaders, and by understanding this data it helps direct us in a way to help
tackle and improve these issues.
Fitness programs can be a very valuable asset to the elderly population. It can
help them lead a healthier lifestyle and help them feel younger and better about
themselves. Some of the elderly believe that they are not able to participate in focus
programs because they are older and not able to do everything that they once could. But
if they do stay active, they will be able to improve their health and increase their life
expectancy. Most elderly are not in retirement communities due to the cost of living
there. We have to reach the majority of older persons that do not have access to the
retirement communitys resources.
Many cities have or are close to a YMCA. YMCAs are excellent resources for
older adults to stay active and continue with a healthy lifestyle. They offer all sorts of
exercise programs from water aerobics to tennis lessons. The YMCAs main program for
senior citizens is called Silver Sneakers. Silver Sneakers was designed to make older
adults move to music with a variety of exercises that increases muscular strength and
range of motion (YMCA of Muncie, 2014). Since it is a program through the YMCA, it
can be covered through Medicare (YMCA of Muncie, 2014).
Even though the YMCA offers a good program to older adults, our program is
able to offer a variety of exercises that vary throughout the week. Our program was
designed to offer more exercises for older adults that are specifically geared towards their
needs compared to other programs in Delaware County. Even though we feel our
program has been designed to offer a more effective and more fun experience, there are

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many barriers that effect the older generation from becoming more physically active that
we need to pursue. Some of these barriers include; a lack of motivation, knowledge and
social support (Boehm et al, 2013). If the participants do not feel a need to become
active then, they will most likely not do it. Knowledge is a major key to having a
successful program. One of the main reasons that lack of knowledge is a barrier is
because older adults have not been taught suitable exercises that they can do on their own
(Boehm et al, 2013). Support is another major factor in either getting a person to start
participating, or to keep him or her involved in the program. Individuals have a higher
chance of being involved in physical activity if they have their family supporting them, or
if they have a partner to participate with them (Boehm et al, 2013).
Inactive seniors are a danger to themselves as well as a burden upon our
healthcare system. Delaware county ranked 85th in the state in overall health outcomes of
all the counties in Indiana (Eggers, Berry, Moore & Poteet, 2011). It is in the best interest
of the people of Delaware County as a whole to encourage their seniors to be more
active. According to the CDC the main reason for increased fragility with older aged
individuals is due to the fact that they stop exercising and engaging in physical activity as
they age. The more sedentary we become the more at risk we are for ailments like cancer,
stroke, diabetes, depression, heart disease, and accidents like falling. (Centers for disease
control and prevention, 1999)
Many of the baby boomers are hitting retirement age and will need medical care
soon, and this is a financial strain. In Delaware County there has been a recent 10%
increase in citizens 65 older. An older population can produce increased demand for
healthcare services and a potential increase in the prevalence of certain chronic

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conditions. Almost half (43%) of the elderly in Delaware county use Medicare when
they go to the hospital (Eggers, Berry, Moore & Poteet, 2011). In 2011 almost 1 in 10
adults were unemployed, so the elderly and their extensive medical issues can really be a
draw on an already weak tax base (Eggers, Berry, Moore & Poteet, 2011). If society does
not start promoting preventative care programs, like getting the elderly to exercise it
could spell trouble for the economy and be an even bigger burden onto our healthcare
system.
Access to gyms and other exercise facilities is also a problem in this community.
Though there is a YMCA in Muncie, not all seniors will be able to access it do to inability
to drive or lack of proper transportation. If we cannot find a way around this lack of
access, this specific population may continue to experience further deterioration of their
health.
Physical inactivity not only affects an individuals health but the overall health of
the community, state, nation, etc. Inactivity in adults costs the nation an enormous
amount of money. According to the Presidents Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition,
by the year 2018 obesity will cost the United States $344 billion dollars annually. Being
overweight is costly and it contributes to higher medical bills. Those who are overweight
are more prone to chronic illness, disease, disability, and premature death. Most, if not
all, the money used to pay for all this is coming right out of taxpayers pockets.
Another reason people are inactive is that the cost of buying workout equipment,
workout apparel, buying a gym membership, etc. can become quite costly. There are a
few fitness centers that offer a low membership prices but you often have to sign up for a

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certain number of months. It may become difficult for some people to pay every month
even if the payments are less expensive.
Workout apparel can be very pricy for the name brand items. In reality a person
could work out in just a shirt and shorts but not everyone has the right shoes. A nice pair
of running shoes can cost up to or be more than $80. For many people they do not have
enough or cannot afford to spend this kind of money.
Many people are always on the go or always working so they do not have the time
to work-out. Time doesnt have a monetary value but it can be viewed as a cost.
People believe that it is a waste of time or that there are so many other things that they
could be doing other than working out.
The elderly population can make tremendous gains from participating in physical
activity and exercise programs. Physical activity can reduce the risk of numerous diseases
and disabilities and improve the lifestyle that they live. We need to reduce the amount of
barriers that our target population faces in order to get them to participate in our program.

Mission Statement, Goals, and Objectives

We have two goals that we would like to reach in our program. The goals are to:

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1. Decrease the amount of illnesses due to lack of exercise in the elderly
population.
2. Increase levels of physical activity in the elderly population.
We believe that both of these goals are attainable and will increase the health of our target
population.
The three objectives that we have are:
1. By the year 2015, the number of people over age 65 participating in
fitness programs in Delaware County will increase by 8%.
2. Increase the amount of elderly people who know how to properly use
workout equipment by 5% by the year 2015.
3. Have 45% of participants in a fitness class still participate in the
programs a year after it has begun.

Intervention
Moving Matters requires that participants have the following pieces of equipment
to ensure their safety and their ability to participate to the fullest extent.

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Appropriate gym clothes (no jeans, black soled shoes, or excessive jewelry)
Bathing suit
Sneakers
Journal/ Small notebook

Our program will meet three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for a
duration of six weeks. Classes will last approximately one hour and 15 minutes.
Participants will be instructed on how to calculate their resting heart rate and then will
calculate their heart rate before and after a program.
At the beginning of each class participants will briefly describe how they
physically feel that day, if they hope to gain anything from that days class or any
progress theyve noticed since starting the program. Then at the end of class they are
expected to take their pulse after they finish their exercises and briefly write in their
journals on if theyve noticed and improvement in their endurance, flexibility, balance, or
strength and anything else theyd like to share.

Meditation Mondays

Water Aerobic Wednesdays

Free Weight Fridays

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1
2
3
4

Journal entry (5 mins)

Participants take their
pulse
Participants go to
designated yoga studio
Instructor introduces that
days main focus and leads
them through either TaiChi or Yoga for an hour or
so
Take pulse and journal

1
2
3
4
5

Journal entry (5 mins)

Participants take their
pulse
Change and go to pool
Instructor leads
participants through
water aerobics
Take pulse and journal

1
2
3
4

Resources
Budget

Journal entry (5 mins)

Participants take their
pulse
Participants go to the
weight room
Instructor demonstrates
and leads participants
through safe weight
baring exercises
Take pulse and journal

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A. Personnel
Certified College Interns
Program Director
Committee ($1,000 per person)
Subtotal A
B. Space
Ball Gym/Pool rental
Storage
Subtotal B
C. Equipment
Chairs
Stereo
Microphone/Head set
Fitness resistance bands
Aquatic weights
Kickboard
Waist floaters
Dumbbells
Subtotal C
D. Financial Resources
Gym memberships ($55.00 per
member)
Subtotal D
E. Grant
Richard Simmons

$0.00
$1,500.00
$3,000.00
$4,500.00

$1,020
$0.00
$1,020.00

$20.00
$0.00
$20.00
$8.00
$20.00
$8.00
$15.00
$10.00
$101.00

$1,100.00
$1,100.00

Subtotal E

$5,000.00
$5,000.00

F. Advertisement
Stress balls ($0.37 per ball)
Pamphlets ($60.00 per 100 copies)
Resistance bands
Water bottles ($0.50 per bottle)
Subtotal F

$55.50
$180.00
$8.00
$37.50
$280.50

G. Kick-Off Event
Bingo cards (500

$7.00

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cards)
Bingo card
chips/markers
Refreshments
Raffle prizes/Give-aways
Subtotal G
H. Miscellaneous
Post workout milk ($0.50 per
carton)
Bottles of water ($4.00 per case)
Subtotal H
GRAND EXPENDATURE TOTAL
(Subtotal A, B, C, F, G, H)
GRAND INCOME TOTAL
(Subtotal D, E)

$7.00
$125.00
$100.00
$239.00
$270.00
$72.00
$342.00
$6482.50
$6,100.00

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Marketing
Moving Matters will be launched in the spring semester of 2015 during the month
of March. There were many reasons to why we decided this time would be best. By
having our program in the beginning of March it assures us that there will be very few if
any snow days that will possibly prohibit older adults from getting out of their homes and
to Ball Gymnasium. We want older adults to feel safe coming to our program, and March
is a good time to assure this safety for them. We also chose this month to get older adults
into the routine of working out so they can they can carry it over into the summer months
where they can spend more time outside of their homes getting physical activity. If we
would have chosen to do a fall program that ended before the winter months, there is a
greater chance that these adults will not stick to their routines do to the busy holidays and
weather.
Moving Matters will also have a kick-off event the week before the
program is launched. Our participants will be recruited by creating flyers for our program
in the months of January and February that will be placed in the hospitals, nursing homes,
churches and parks of Delaware County. We will also reach out to our target audience on
a one-to-one basis by visiting the nursing homes and taking any one that wants to go to
lunch. This creates relationships before the program starts and these individuals can
spread our program by word of mouth. As those individuals hear and see our program, it
is our hope that the kick-off event will get the older adults excited to join Moving
Matters. The kick-off event will be a Bingo night with refreshments offered. Prizes will
be offered to the winners as an incentive. The prizes will consist of athletic gear. The

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kick-off event will allow the people that come to spread the word of our program even
more. We will offer an early sign-up sheet as well as registration the night of the event.
Our main priority as a program is to ensure a safe and fun environment for our
participants while also teaching the necessary skills they need to live a healthier more
physically active life. By reaching out to the community and taking our target audience to
lunch we hope to create a relationship with them that makes them feel comfortable
enough to want to join our program. The kick-off event will also be a great time for the
possible participants of our program to meet each other and socialize. For many
individuals meeting people that they can relate to creates an environment that doesnt
make them feel uncomfortable. This is another opportunity to make our target audience
feel as though they can participate in our program no matter what concerns or limitations
they might have. It is our job to make them feel safe and to understand we care about
them on a personal level. This is the best way we believe our program can reach our
target audience.

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Implementation
In order to implement our program effectively and efficiently the items listed is what we
believe will help us reach our goal. One of the key aspects that we will be striving for is
for all the participants to feel safe at all times. We will constantly have a first aid kit and
other safety equipment in the need of an emergency.

Automated External Defibrillator (AED) and First Aid Kit

Lifeguard on Water Aerobics Day

Trained Medical staff on site

Life jackets for participants that are not confident in swimming abilities

Telephone at hand

Require a physical assessment from a doctor

Require a signed waiver by the participant stating what they will be doing and the
risks associated with the program

Recruit participants with flyers of our program and kick-off event in areas that
senior citizens spend most of their time (Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Churches,
Parks)

Offer prizes at the Bingo kick-off event such as a free week of the program or
athletic gear.

Program will be promoted in February and will begin in March. The kick-off
event will be a week before the program is officially launched.

Getting insurance to cover our program and protect our workers.

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With the list that was listed above, we believe that our workers will be protected. But, our
participants will also be safe from any emergency that may happen.
Evaluation
We will be evaluating our program through a summative and formative
evaluation. By choosing these two approaches we will be able to assess the effectiveness
of our intervention based on the categories of awareness, attitudes, knowledge, and
behavior. We want to assess the participants knowledge and attitudes on physical
activity before and after the program, and we also want to evaluate whether participants
were able to make a behavior change. A month after the program we will mail a letter to
the participants home asking questions regarding their current physical activity. This will
allow us to measure their behavior change. We plan on having our instructors fill out a
self-evaluation and a peer evaluation to make sure that the instructors are providing
quality-learning experiences.

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References
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Healthy swimming/recreation water.
Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/swimming/health_benefits_water_exercise.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). Physical Activity. Retrieved from
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1991, November 17). Older adults.
In Physical activity and health. Retrieved September 25, 2014, from
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Centers for Disease Control. (2014). State indicator report on physical activity,
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www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/downloads/pa_state_indicator_report_2014.pdf

Eggers, R., Berry, S., Moore, S., Poteet, A. (2011). Indiana university health ball
memorial hospital community health needs assessment. Retrieved
from http://iuhealth.org/images/glo-coe/ball.pdf

26
Harvard Health Publications. (2009). The health benefits of tai chi. Retrieved from
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/May/The-health-benefits-of-tai-chi
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topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=33

Kovach, M., Plachy, J., Bognar, J., Balogh, Z., & Barthalos, I. (2013). Effects of pilates
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direct=true&db=s3h&AN=92692167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Presidents Council on Fitness, Sports, & Nutrition. (n.d.). Facts and statistics.
Retrieved from www.fitness.gov/resource-center/facts-and-statistics/
The U.S. Administration on Aging. (2013). Administration on aging. Retrieved
from http://www.aoa.gov/AoARoot/Aging_Statistics/Profile/2013/3.aspx
United States Census Bureau. (2013). Delaware county, Indiana. Retrieved from
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/18/18035.html

YMCA of muncie. Silversneakers. (2014). Retrieved September 21, 2014, from http://
www.muncieymca.org/programs/silversneakers/
class0=SeniorPrograms:SilverSneakers&class0_0=58&class0_1=60&query=Age
Group:Activity.eq.Senior Programs:Silver Sneakers&back=programs

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