THE UNETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE NAZI

EXPERIMENTS
BY
VIDA KWOFIE
&
ELLENOR CHANCE
COPPIN STATE UNIVERSITY
HELENE FULD SCHOOL OF NURSING
NURS. 500- ETHICS
07/17/2014

PURPOSE

PROVIDE BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE NAZI

BIOMEDICAL EXPERIMENTS
DEMONSTRATE UNETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE NAZI
EXPERIMENTS
DEMONSTRATION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THESE
EVENTS TO THE EVOLUTION OF CURRENT LAWS AND
REGULATIONS GUIDING THE USE OF HUMAN SUBJECTS
IN RESEARCH.

NAZI EXPERIMENTS

SULFANILAMIDES - THEY INFLICTED BATTLEFIELD-LIKE

WOUNDS IN VICTIMS, THEN INFECTED THE WOUNDS WITH
BACTERIA SUCH AS STREPTOCOCCUS, TETANUS, AND GAS
GANGRENE. RUBBED GROUND GLASS AND WOOD
SHAVINGS INTO THE WOUND,
HIGH ALTITUDE- OF 200 PEOPLE SUBJECTED TO THESE
EXPERIMENTS, 80 DIED OUTRIGHT AND THE REMAINDER
WERE EXECUTED
SEA WATER- 90 SUBJECTS WERE FORCED TO DRINK ONLY
SEAWATER WHILE ALSO DEPRIVING THEM OF FOOD.
POISON- VICTIMS WHO DID NOT DIE DURING THESE
EXPERIMENTS WERE KILLED TO ALLOW THE
EXPERIMENTERS TO PERFORM AUTOPSIES

NAZI EXPERIMENTS

FREEZING- 80 TO 100 PATIENTS DIED DURING THESE

EXPERIMENTS
STERILIZATION- TESTICLES RADIATED/ REMOVED.
CAUSTIC MATERIAL INSERTED IN WOMENS CERVIX/
UTERUS.
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION- WOMEN ARTIFICIALLY
INSEMINATED WITH ANIMAL SPERM
TUBERCULOSIS- ABOUT 200 ADULT SUBJECTS DIED, AND
20 CHILDREN WERE HANGED IN AN EFFORT TO HIDE
EVIDENCE OF THE EXPERIMENTS.
TWINS- OUT OF 1,000 PAIRS OF TWINS EXPERIMENTED
UPON, ONLY ABOUT 200 PAIRS SURVIVED.

EXPLORATION &ANALYSIS OF
NAZI EXPERIMENT

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES VIOLATED

AUTONOMY
NONMALEFICENCE
BENEFICENCE
JUSTICE /DESCRIMINATION

NUREMBERG TRIAL

NUREMBERG TRIAL
23 NAZI DOCTORS AND SCIENTISTS WERE TRIED.
15 WERE CONVICTED.
7 OF THEM WERE CONDEMNED TO DEATH BY
HANGING AND
8 RECEIVED PRISON SENTENCES FROM 10 YEARS TO
LIFE.
8 PROFESSIONALS WERE ACQUITTED.
(MITSCHERLICH 1992)

NUREMBERG CODE (1949

A SET OF 10 PRINCIPLES
THAT HIGHLIGHT
PROTECTION OF HUMAN
SUBJECTS
INFORMED CONSENT BY
HUMAN SUBJECTS

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS,
LAWS & REGULATIONS
SUCCEEDING THE NUREMBERG CODE: DECLARATION OF HELSINKI 1964 (WMA)
NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN
SUBJECTS OF BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH
1973
INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS (IRBS) FOR THE
PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS.

REFERENCES