‫إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥﻴﺔ ـــ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ دراﺳﻴﺔ‬

Rehabilitation for Traditional Centers of Arab Cities
Lebanese Experiment – Case Study
‫ﺣﺎﰎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ـ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ـ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ـ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬
Email: drtawil@hotmail.com
Mob. / 009613679195 - Fax / 00961818402

Abstract:
Traditional centers in Arab cities play a crucial role in emphasizing their historic
background where they represent the tradition origin of the shape and formation of the
Arab city as well as shedding the light on the concept and shape if their urban fabric with
all its aspects and its reflection on the social, cultural and economical environment of the
cities’ community.
The political and economic changes which the Arab cities have been through in the
twentieth century has had its negative effect on traditional city centers, where new centers
have been located away from the traditional ones attracting different activities with them.
Some Arab cities have had some trials to save their traditional centers and stop their
decline by using different ways to rehabilitate them.
The paper aims at finding solutions and alternatives to fight the decline of the traditional
city centers highlighting the significance of rehabilitation. Unique project in the same field
are examined concentrating on the Lebanese experiment as a case study and studying the
negative and positive aspects of three Lebanese cities: Beirut, Sidon, Tripoli, Reviewing
the reasons behind the formation of new city centers, and the treatments which have been
made to face this problem.

: ‫ – اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻡــــــــــــــــــﺔ‬١
، ‫ﺗﻠﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﺣﻴﻮﻳﹰﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﳌـﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﲤﺜﻞ ﺍﳉﺬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ ﻭ ﻗـﺪ ﻛـﺎﻥ‬، ‫ﻭ ﺇﻧﻌﻜﺎﺳﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﹰﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘـﺄﺛﺮﹰﺍ ﻬﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﺮﺕ ﻬﺑﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻠﺒﻴﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﳑـﺎ ﺃﺛـﺮ‬ ،‫ﲢﻮﻟﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﱃ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲟﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﻭ ﲡﺎﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﺤﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﺐ ﺑﺄﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‬
. ‫ﻣﻦ ﺇﻬﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻬﻧﺎ ﻣﺮﺕ ﲝﺮﻭﺏ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻫـﻢ‬
. ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻬﺑﺎ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬
:The problems ‫ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼت و أﺳﺒﺎب ﺗﺪهﻮر اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬-٢

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‫ﺇﻥ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻳﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ ﳏﻮﺭﻳﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺄﰐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﱃ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻨـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١-٢‬اﻟﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻲ ‪:Changing the functions‬‬
‫ﻳﺄﰐ ﳕﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻛﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﳍﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻠﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﻟﻺﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﳕﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻐﲑ ﰲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫) ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﲝﺜﻴﺔ ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﳏﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪...‬ﺍﱁ ( ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤـﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺘـﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٢‬أداء اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ و اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻼت ‪:Movement and Transportation‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺇﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﻬﺗﻢ ‪ ،‬ﳛﺪﺙ ﳕﻮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻜﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﳋﺼﻮﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻊ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺭﺋﻴﺴـﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛـﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ) ﺣﺎﻓﻼﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺃﻧﻔﺎﻕ ‪...‬ﺍﱁ ( ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﳍﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﳏﻄﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺇﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﱃ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴـﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ‪،‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٢‬اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻲ و اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ‪:Entertainments and Commercial Progress‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﻤـﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﻠﻘﺔ )‪ (Malls‬ﻣﺮﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﲟﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻳﺮﻬﺗﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٢‬اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲ ‪:Cultural Progress‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﱃ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻌﻠـﻲ ﺑﺈﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺑﻌـﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ) ﻣﺴﺮﺡ – ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ – ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻭﺑﺮﺍ ‪...‬ﺍﱁ ( ﻣﺎ ﳜﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﹰﺎ‬
‫ﰲ ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥-٢‬هﺠﺮة اﻟﺴﻜﺎن اﻷﺻﻠﻴﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﲢﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺴـﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﲔ ﲝﺜﹰﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﻭ ﳕﻂ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ‪.(٢٠٠٢‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﺒﻞ إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪ – ١ – ٣‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻡﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻼت و اﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻت ‪:Transportation and Communication‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﻳﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻳﻠﱯ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﺗﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﰲ‬
‫ﳎﺎﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬‬

‫)ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ (١‬ﻛﺮﻭﻛﻲ ﺇﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﲡﻨﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺮﻗﺔ ﻭ ﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﳌﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺇﺧﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ).‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ (‬

‫ﲢﺴﲔ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻭ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛـﺰ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿـﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ ﳛﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ )‪ (Transition Area‬ﻣﻊ ﺭﺑﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺑﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺍﶈﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﳏﻄﺎﺕ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻚ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﳏﻄﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻓﻼﺕ ﻬﻧﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﻺﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻯ‪.‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴـﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺮﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺑﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﱃ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻭ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﲟﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﰎ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻧﻔﻖ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮ ﲟﺤﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺍﱃ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ‪ ٤‬ﻛﻢ ﻭ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٣‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻡﺴﺘﻮى إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻥﻲ ‪:Rehabilitation of Urban Fabric‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١-٢-٣‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻡﻨﻄﻘﺔ إﻥﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪: (Transition Area‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﳛﺔ ﲢﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﲤﺜﻞ ﺟﺰﺀﹰﺍ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻨﺎﺀﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼـﻴﺺ ﺍﳌﻔﺘـﺮﺽ‬
‫ﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ) ‪ ، (Traditional center Edges‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻓﻀﺎﺀ ‪ ، ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﳜﺘﺺ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛـﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ )‪(Re- Land use‬‬
‫ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

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 ‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٢‬ﻛﺮﻭﻛﻲ ﺇﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ٌﺗﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌـﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﺵ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﻛـﺰ ﻭ ﺁﺧـﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛـﺰ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ (‬

‫‪ -‬ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻹﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﺯﻉ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ ﻬﺑﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻛﺄﺣﻮﺍﺵ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺤﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﳋﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺳﺘﺤﺪﺍﺛﻬﺎ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺑﺼﺮﻳﹰﺎ ﻭ ﲨﺎﻟﻴﹰﺎ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﺙ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﲢﺴﲔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻬﺑﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﺎﺿﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﻬﺑﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻛﻄﺮﻕ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻬﺑﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﳍﺎ ﻭ ﻬﺗﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﲡﻨﺒﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٢-٣‬إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﻴﺰات اﻟﺨﺎرﺝﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ‪:Rehabilitation for Urban Spaces‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳊﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺮﺿﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﹰﺎ ﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﺍﳌﻤـﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺧ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ) ‪،( Paths, Piazzas, Intersections, Nodes and Edges‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﳌﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺘﺺ ﻓﻴﻤـﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺑﺄﺳـﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﻨﺴـﺒﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻊ ) ‪Landscape‬‬
‫‪ ، (Architecture‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻭ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﺮﱐ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﳜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀﹰﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﲑ ﰲ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻬﺗﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺟﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٢-٣‬إﻋﺎدة دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ‪:Landscape Architecture‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﳋﺪﻣﺔ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﺎ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺇﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻬﺑﻢ ‪....‬ﺍﱁ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬

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 ‫ﻣﻦ ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ )‪ (Street’s Furniture‬ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻧﻮﻋﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺿﻔﺎﺀ ﺇﺳﻠﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﻓﻨﻴﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺧﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﲡﻬﻴﺰ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﰲ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﻬﺗﺎ ﻭ ﺇﺿﺎﺀﻬﺗﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ‪ ،‬ﲟﺎ ﻳﻀﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﳑﻴﺰﺓ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫)ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ (٣‬ﻛﺮﻭﻛﻲ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻡ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﻮﳉﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﹰﺎ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﹰﺍ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻬﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﶈﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻟﻠﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ (‬

‫‪ ٣ – ٣‬دور اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة ﻓﻲ إﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﺄهﻴﻞ ‪:Architecture and rehabilitation‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻭ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺑﺄﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻬﺑﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺘﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﲣﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﳌﻄﺮﻭﺣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﲢﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺎﺕ )‪ (Additions‬ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ‬
‫ﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻬﻧﺎ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﳊﺴﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪.(٣‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﳍﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻜﺮ ﻭﺭﺅﻯ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﲟﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻬﺗﺪﻑ ﺇﱄ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺩ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ‬
‫ﳑﻴﺰﺓ ﻭﻣﺒﺘﻜﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ – ٤ – ٣‬اﻹﻋﻼم واﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ‪:Cultural Development‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ ﺑﺈﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻨﺠﺎﺣﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻫﲑﻱ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﺮﺋﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺮﻭﺀ‬

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‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻬﻧﺎ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺮﺡ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ) ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،(١٩٨٦ -‬ﻭ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﰲ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺟﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻔﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻲ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻃﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﺂﺧﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻓﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥ - ٣‬ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ اﻹﻥﺘﻤﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪:Emotional endowment‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺘﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑـﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﺛﻨـﺎﺀ ﳑﺎﺭﺳـﺘﻬﻢ ﻟﻠﻨﺸـﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﲏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻘﻖ ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ ﳍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪...‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﺳﻊ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﺍﺋﻖ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳊﻔﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ )ﲨﻌﻪ ‪.(١٩٧٥‬‬
‫‪ - ٦ – ٣‬إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ‪: Project Management‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺇﲣﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺀ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻫﺎﱄ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﺳﺘﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﲨﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﳚﺐ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﳜﺘﺺ ﲟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳍﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺷﻐﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﶈﻠﻴﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‬
‫ﳑﺜﻠﲔ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ ﳑﻦ ﳍﻢ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﰲ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳍﻴﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳋﻄﻂ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻜﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ) ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ‪ ،(٢٠٠١‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﳚﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺑﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳍﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﺬﺍ ﳚﺐ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺧﻄﲔ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻳﲔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻜﺜﻔﺔ ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻛﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺑﲔ ﻣﻊ ﺧﺒﲑ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻨﻘﻞ ﺧﱪﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺑﲔ‪ ) ،‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‪ ، ،(١٩٨٦ -‬ﻭ ﻟﺘﻼﰲ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﳚﺐ ﺇﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﱃ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﰒ ﲝﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﺃﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ) ﺣﺎﺯﻡ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ‪.(١٩٨٦‬‬
‫‪ - ٧ -٣‬ﻡﺼﺎدر اﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ‪:Financing Resources‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳌﺪﻥ ﺧﺎﺿﺖ ﲡﺎﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﺻﻴﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﳒﺪ ﺍﻬﻧﺎ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻮﻳﻊ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﺣﱴ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﻬﺗﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻠﻴﺔ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﺻﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬

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‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺟﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱴ ﺃﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺧﺼﻴﺼﹰﺎ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﲞﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺴﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺣﻠﺐ ﻓﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺳﺲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻸﻣﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﲤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﺪﺭﻭﺱ ‪ ،‬ﳜﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺢ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺑﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻹﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﰐ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ) ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ‪ ،( ٢٠٠١‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﻓﺰ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﲦﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺇﳚﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﲡﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﺳﺘﺤﺪﺍﺙ ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺣﻮﺍﻓﺰ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻋﻔﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ‪.‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﻬﺗﻢ )‪ .(Esam,1996‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﻬﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﰐ ﻟﻪ )‬
‫ﺣﺎﺯﻡ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ‪.(١٩٨٦‬‬
‫‪ – ٤‬اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥﻴﺔ ﻹﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ‪:The Lebanese Experiment‬‬
‫ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺜﻴﻼﻬﺗﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﱃ‬
‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﻛﺄﺣﺪ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺆﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺇﻬﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﺮﺏ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﺏ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ )ﺍﻷﺟﺘﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،(١٩٨٢‬ﺇﻥ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺇﻬﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ )‪ (١٩٩٠-١٩٧٥‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺜﻴﻠﻪ ﲟﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻺﺟﺘﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻓﻴﺄﰐ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳍﺎ ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪ – ١ – ٤‬إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻴﺮوت ‪:Beirut Traditional Center‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻬﻧﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﳕﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﺕ ﺇﻧﻄﻼﻗﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﳌﻴﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺪﻣﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ )‪ ،(١٩٩٠-١٩٧٥‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺃﻓﺮﺯﺕ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﹰﺍ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ‪ ١‬ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﻋﺘﱪ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻓﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺎﺯﻋﲔ ) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ،( 4‬ﺑﺈﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺭﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻋﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﱄ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﲟﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺻﺪﺭ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٤٨٣٠‬ﻋﺎﻡ ‪١٩٩٤‬ﻋﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﳝﺜﻠﻪ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﲞﺼﻮﺹ ) ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬

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‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻴﺮوت ﺑﺨﻂ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﻰ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل ﻣﺮورًا ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ رأﺳﻲ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺨﻂ اﻟﺘﻤﺎس ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻓﺼﻠﻪ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ و اﻟﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﻴﻦ آﻤﺎ أﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أﻳﻀ ًﺎ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻷﺥﻀﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺤﺸﺎﺋﺶ و اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕﺎت ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴ ًﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ آﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎزﻟﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻤﺮور أو اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ إﺽﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺪﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ هﺬا اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‪ .‬ﴰﻞ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ )ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ‪ (٤٨٣٠‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﲝﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﳛﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﻓﺨﺮ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﺆﺍﺩ ﺷﻬﺎﺏ ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺟﻮﺭﺝ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻛﺄﺳﺎﺱ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺇﲡﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﱃ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﻹﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﳋﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻭﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﻭﺍﳊﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻺﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﲢﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﳏﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻬﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﱐ ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ (٤‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻣﲑ ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺃﺋﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻣﲑ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ _ ‪.( Gabriel 1992_ Peter&Sarkis1998‬‬

‫ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﲟﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﲢﺖ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻸﺛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺷﺮﻭﻃﹰﺎ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﲢﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﳍﺎ ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺮﺿﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ) ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ( ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﲟﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺧﺮ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻴﻖ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﳉﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺴﻖ ﺑﲔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﱃ ﳉﻨﺔ‬

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 ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﳑﺜﻠﲔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﱐ ﻭﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻹﳕﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺇﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﲎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﱃ ﺃﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﳏﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﳑﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺒﺎﱐ ﳏﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻹﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﴰﻠﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺃﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺠﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻬﺑﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻬﺗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻹﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﺛﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺎﺩ ﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻭﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻘﹰﺎ ﻟﺪﻓﺘﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﱐ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺧﺼﺼﺖ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻀﻊ ﺷﺮﻭﻃﹰﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﰲ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻬﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﹰﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﴰﻠﺖ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﻣﻊ ﲡﺎﻫﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻷﻗﻔﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﱂ ﻭﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺘﺴﺒﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺣﺪﺩﺕ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺴﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺛﻜﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻣﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﻮﺯ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪ ١٨٠‬ﺳﻢ ‪ ،‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ ﺧﺼﺼﺖ ﺗﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﺭﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ ﻟﻺﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺧﺼﺼﺖ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺇﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺷﺘﺮﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﲤﺎﺷﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻃﺒﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺗﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﳑﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺓ ‪..‬ﺍﱁ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺪﺍﺀ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺣﻀﺮﻱ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﻛﺒﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﲝﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﺗﻄـﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺮ ﻛﺈﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﺳﺘﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﶈﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﺭ) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪.(٥‬‬

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‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٥‬ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻷﻭﱄ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﲟﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﳎﺴﻢ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻏﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪) ،‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ‪Angus& Maluf‬‬
‫‪( 1996‬‬

‫ﰎ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﻛﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺇﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻛﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺟﺴﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻋﺪﻝ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﱃ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﺘﻼﺻﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺃﻋﻴﺪ ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﺇﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺗﻪ ﻟﺘﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺳﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ ﻭ ﻳﻘﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﳌﺎ ﳝﺜﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٦‬ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﳝﺜﻞ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪ ﳕﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﳏﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﳍﺎ ‪ ) ،‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ– ‪Angus& Maluf‬‬
‫‪( 1996-Aymen Terrawy 2000‬‬

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 ‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٧‬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺑﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﺬﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻛﺮﻛﻴﺰﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﻄﻠﻘﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﲡﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻔﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺵ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ (‬

‫ﰎ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﲟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﲟﺎ ﳚﺬﺏ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻛﻢ ﳑﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪،‬ﻓﻴﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺭ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺗﻈﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺇﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﺩﻕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻞ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻠﻬﺎ ‪ ٤،٦٩٠‬ﺃﻟﻒ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ) ‪ ،(Annual Report-2001‬ﻳﻜﻤﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﺍﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺎﱄ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺸﺮﺓ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﹰﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ ﻭ ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺟﺬﺑﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻭ ﺇﺭﺗﻜﺎﺯﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ – ٢ – ٤‬إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪا ‪:Sidon Traditional Center‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻊ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﲬﺴﻮﻥ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺒﻌﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﺧﻲ ﻛﺒﲑ ﳝﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﹰﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺇﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳌﻤﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﱐ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﻥ ﳝﺜﻼﻥ ﺣﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻟﺼﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺷﺄﻬﻧﺎ ﺷﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﰲ ﳕﻮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻨﻴﺠﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﳌﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪١٩٨٢‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻒ ﺍﳉﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺩﻯ ﺍﱃ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ‬

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‫ﻭ ﺇﻬﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺇﻬﻧﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻬﺗﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﲢﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻮﺙ ﺑﺼﺮﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻫﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﲔ ﻭ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﺩ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﻢ ﺇﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﴰﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ، ١٩٩٦‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ) ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻋﻮﺩﻩ ( ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﴰﻠﺖ ﺧﻄﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ )ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪:(٢٠٠١-‬‬

‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٨‬ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺟ ﹾﺎ‬

‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﴰﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺇﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﲢﺴﲔ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪) .‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ –‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ‪( ٢٠٠١‬‬

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‫‪ -‬ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﰲ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﺳﺘﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺇﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﲢﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ‬
‫ﲢﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ – ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻹﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﺣﻮﺍﺵ ﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻊ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺌﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻄﻘﺘﻬﻢ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺇﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺘﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ ﰲ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻛﻮﻬﻧﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻟﺼﻴﺪﺍ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻖ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ) ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﳒﻪ‪،‬ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ‪..‬ﺍﱁ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺙ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻭ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺇﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﲨﻊ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﻜﺜﻒ ﻟﻸﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻊ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ‪.‬‬

‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ٩‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﺳﺘﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬

‫ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﺠﺰﺍﺕ ﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳍﺎ ﻓﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﻐﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺍﻍ ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺆﻛﺪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻭﻣﺘﺤﻒ‬
‫ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻋﻮﺩﻩ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ (‬

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‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﱃ ﻣﺎ ﰎ ﺇﳒﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﻳﺘﻠﺨﺺ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ‬
‫)ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﺳﺘﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ (‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺋﻂ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﱯ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﶈﺪﻭﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﰎ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﳒﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﹰﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﺭ ﺛﻘﺎﰲ ﳏﻮﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻋﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺈﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻣﺒﲎ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﻇﻒ ﻛﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ – ٣ – ٤‬إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄهﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﺮاﺑﻠﺲ ‪:Tripoli Traditional Center‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﲤﺜﻞ ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﱐ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺣﻮﺍﱄ ‪ ٨٢‬ﻛﻢ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﹰﺎ ﻭ ﺇﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺛﺮﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺑﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﳑﻴﺰﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﳑﻠﻮﻛﻲ ) ﻣﻨﻴﻤﻨﻪ ‪ ،(٢٠٠٣‬ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺷﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻠﺒﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺇﻬﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻭﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺑﺈﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﲨﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻹﲢﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﲔ ﻭﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺑﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﻘﺎﺽ ﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ) ﻣﻨﻴﻤﻨﻪ‪ -‬ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‪ ، (٢٠٠٣‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩﺓ ﻭ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻴﺰ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻫﻮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﲔ ﻬﺑﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﶈﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﲑ ﺭﲰﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻬﺗﺪﻑ ﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻬﺑﺔ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺳﻮﻟﻴﺪﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‪.‬‬

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 ‫) ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ( ١٠‬ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺴﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻃﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻧﺴﻴﺞ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﳑﻴﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﻕ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻃﲔ ﲟﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻄﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ‬
‫)ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ – ‪ – AUB 1995‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ‪-‬‬
‫‪( Jidejian1980‬‬

‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺗﺘﻀﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻠﺨﺺ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻼﻙ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻴﲔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﱐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﶈﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺩﻭﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﻼ ﺑﻴﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﺳﻠﺒﻴﹰﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻳﺸﻜﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻧﺘﺠﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱴ ﰎ ﲢﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳕﻮ ﻭﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺇﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﻋﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻛﻴﺎﻥ ﺇﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﳐﻄﻂ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ) ‪ (Master plan‬ﳛﺪﺩ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻭ ﺇﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻆ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺴﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﲟﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﳒﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﰊ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﳋﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺃﺩﻯ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﱃ ﳒﺎﺡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻜﺎﺯ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ‪ Master Plan‬ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳍﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ) ﺧﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ( ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺩﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺈﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﺘﻄﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫• ﳒﺎﺡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻖ ﰲ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺮﺟﺎﻧﺎﺕ ) ﺣﻔﻼﺕ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺎﺭﺍﺛﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ(‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺠﺪﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﺮﺧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﺧﻠﻒ ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫• ﺍﻹﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﲟﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺭﺍﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﺮﻭﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫• ﳒﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻳﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﺎﻝ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺆﻫﻠﻪ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ﻓﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳍﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱂ ﻳﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﹰﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺑﻄﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺗﻪ ﻛﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻳﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﺆﻫﻠﺔ ﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﺈﻥ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﻮﻬﻧﺎ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭ ﱂ ﺗﺮﺗﻘﻲ ﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺈﻫﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﳌﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻌﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﳌﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﳌﺎﱄ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﻐﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ و اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺎﻭﺭ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﳘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭ ﺗﺘﻠﺨﺺ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﲝﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﲣﻄﻴﻂ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺑﻄﻪ ﲟﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺣﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﲟﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺇﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﻭﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﲤﻬﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪-‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻭﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﱄ ﺗﻮﻓﲑﻫﺎ ﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺇﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻛﺄﺣﻮﺍﺵ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﲣﻄﻴﻂ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻹﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﲡﻨﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﻬﺗﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﳍﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻛﺄﺳﺎﺱ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﱐ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺥ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﳚﺬﺏ ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﲔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻓﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺭﲰﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﲣﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺇﲣﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﺳﺘﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻳﻊ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲤﻮﻳﻞ ﺫﺍﰐ ﺍﱃ ﲤﻮﻳﻞ ﺩﻭﱄ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻏﲑ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻬﺑﺪﻑ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﰲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﳊﻔﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺮﺟﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻛﺰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺝﻊ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ )‪ ، (٢٠٠١‬ﲣﻄﻴﻂ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﺯﻡ‪ -‬ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ) ‪ ، (١٩٨٦‬ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻧﺪﻭﺓ – ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻥ ‪ -‬ﺟﺪﻩ – ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﻮﺍﻥ‬، ‫ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ – ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬، ‫ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﲑ‬،‫ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬، ( ١٩٧٥ ) ‫ ﲨﻌﺔ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬-
– ‫ ﺟﺪﻩ‬- ‫ ﻧﺪﻭﺓ – ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻥ‬،‫ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻺﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬، (١٩٨٦ ) ‫ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬-‫ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ‬-
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﻧﺪﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﻭﻳﺔ‬، ‫ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻀﺮﻱ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻡ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺟﺎﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬، ( ٢٠٠٢ ) ‫ ﳎﺪ‬-‫ ﺍﳊﻤﻮﺩ‬-
Vieria,1993. ‫ ﻋﻦ‬. ‫ ﻫـ‬١٤٢٣ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‬، ٨٢٢ ‫ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺹ‬-‫ﻭﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
“A Checklist for Sustainable Development “in source guide for Building Connection:
Livable, Sustainable Communities,” American Institute of Architects, Washington, DC.
‫ ﻧﺪﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬،‫ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬،( ٢٠٠٢) ‫ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻫﺮ‬-‫ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ‬-
. ‫ ﻫـ‬١٤٢٣ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‬، ٨٢٢ ‫ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺹ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬،‫ ﺇﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺻﻴﺪﺍ‬،(٢٠٠١)‫ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﻍ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ‬-
.‫ ﻣﺆﲤﺮ ﺇﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ‬، ‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬، ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
.‫ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ – ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‬-‫ ﺍﻟﱪﺝ ﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻕ‬،٢٠٠٠ .‫ ﺗﻮﻳﲏ ﻏﺴﺎﻥ – ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺰ‬-
‫ ﳎﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳊﺪﺍﺛﺔ‬:‫ ﻋﻮﺩ ﺍﱃ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻭ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﳎﺮﻯ ﻬﻧﺮ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭ ﳏﻴﻄﻪ‬-٢٠٠٣ ‫ ﻣﻨﻴﻤﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ‬-
.‫ – ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ – ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬٢٠٠٣ ‫ ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‬١٥‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬، ٨٥ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺻـ‬
‫ – ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ – ﻧﺪﻭﺓ –ﲨﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺮﺟﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﲏ‬٢٠٠٣ ‫ ﻣﻨﻴﻤﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ – ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‬-
.‫ﻟﻺﺣﺼﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔ – ﺇﲢﺎﺩ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺤﺎﺀ‬
‫ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬- ‫ ) ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‬-١٩٩٤ – ‫ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ‬-
‫ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬- ‫ ﺭﻓﻴﻖ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ‬/‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ‬
References:

- Heyat Salam-Liebich.1983.The Architecture of the Mamluk City of Tripoli. The Aga Khan Program
for Islamic Architecture-Harvard University and Massachusetts institute of Technology.
- Rowe Peter and Sarkis Hesham.1998. Projecting Beirut. Prestel- Verlag Munich. London- New York.
- Jidejian Nina.1980, Tripoli through the Ages. Dar EL- MASHREQ Publishers Beirut.
- Gavin Angus and Maluf Ramez,1996, ACADEMY EDITIONS. Solidere The Lebanese Company for
Development and Reconstruction of Beirut Central District, SAL
- Gulick John, 1967. Tripoli a Modern City, Oxford University Press, London.
- Saad Rifat and Abbas Yehya, 1973, Development of the old city of Saida, Faculty of Architecture,
Beirut Arab University.
- Abbas Yhya, 1974, Urban Spaces in the Arab City, Master, Faculty of Architecture, Beirut Arab
University.
- Gabriel Basilico, 1992, Beirut City Center, Les Editions du Cypres.
- BAU & Tripoli Municipality,2000,Rehabilitation of Abou Ali River path & along banks side area.
- Annual Report – Solidere,1996, The Lebanese Company for the Development and Reconstruction of
Beirut Central District S.a.l.
- Annual Report – Solidere,1998, The Lebanese Company for the Development and Reconstruction of
Beirut Central District S.a.l.
- Annual Report – Solidere,2001, The Lebanese Company for the Development and Reconstruction of
Beirut Central District S.a.l.
- Annual Report – Solidere,2002, The Lebanese Company for the Development and Reconstruction of
Beirut Central District S.a.l.

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