AnnotatedBibliography

WorksCited

AbouttheProgramSetonHallUniversity,NewJersey.Print.
ThePreMedical/PreDentalPlusProgrammentionedinThePactbyDr.GeorgeJenkins
wasthesameprogramthethreeauthorstookatSetonHall.ThePMPDPPprovides
opportunitiestoNewJerseystudentswhohavebeenhistoricallydeniedaccesstocareers
inthehealthprofession,andpavedaroadforthosewhoisinneedofanopportunityfor
theirfuture.
"TheAllegoryoftheCave:AStudyintheDiscoveryandApplicationofGood."Universityof
Iowa.Web.9Feb.2015.
InTheAllegoryoftheCave,Platoexplainsthesignificanceofknowledgeinhuman
nature.Onemustalwaysstrivetoobtainknowledge,tobeenlightenedtothegoo,and
continuethefootstepsofpastleaders.Platostatesthesignificanceofknowledgeina
communityinordertosurvive.Usingthecaveinafigurativemanner,Platoillustratesthe
moralusingthecaveprisonersasanallegorytoknowledge.Beinginthedarkforsolong
thencomingoutintothelightissomethingyougrowaccustomedto;knowledgeis
somethingyougrowaccustomedtoasyougainit.Putaknowledgeintothesoulwhich
wasnottherebefore,likesightintoblindeyes.Intheallegory,itstatesthatwemustbe
enlightenedintothelightofknowledgeandpassitontothefuturegenerationstolight

therestoftheway.Humanityisacrucialelementintheallegory,allowingthereadersto
relatewiththeallegoryusingtheirownimage.
"ArtPortfoliosConceptArt.org."Artist.Web.22Feb.2015.
ConceptArt.orgisavastnetworkofroughly500,000+activeartistsandanonline
connectiontojoboffers8,000+artbusinessesbasedontheartistsskills.Itworksalsoas
asocialmediaforartiststoposttheirartworksandgainfeedbackfromcountlessdifferent
artistsfromallaroundtheworldwhichgivesanadvantageousinsighttothisdiscourse
community.Italsoprovidesaccesstoinformativeworkshopsforlearningfromleadersof
theartistcommunity,gainbeneficialfeedbackandaskquestions,andtoenhanceyour
skillsinyourpreferredfield.
Brooks,David."PeopleLikeUs."TheWriter'sPresence:APoolofReadings.Bedford/St.
Martin's,2011.Print.
BrooksboldlystatesthatAmericadoesnotcaremuchaboutdiversity.Asasociety,we
areconstantlyevolvingandgrowingbutatthesametimegrowingapart.Brooksstates:
Humanbeingsarecapableofdrawingamazinglysubtlesocialdistinctionsandthen
shapingtheirlivesaroundthem(Brooks331).Americamaybediverseasawhole
nationbutnotinindividualcommunities,hencetheexistenceofpersonality
neighborhoods.Peoplehaveatendencytoclusterwithpeoplewhohavesimilarideals.
Wesubconsciouslysegregateourselvesfromothersbecauseitisinournature.The
questionisifweareawareandifwebelievethereisaneedforchangetorebuildthis
conceptofdiversity.

Brunner,Borgna,andBethRowen.TheEqualPayAct.Infoplease.Infoplease.Web.11Feb.
2015.
Inthebook,TheHelp,itwasmentionedthatwomenwerepaidlessthanmeninthesame
fieldofwork.Thefictionalcharacter,MissSkeeter,stateshowitwasunfairforwomen
andmentohaveunequalpayandwasseparatedinjobofferpage.Evenasoftodaythere
isunequalpayformenandwomen.ItwasntuntilthepassageoftheEqualPayActon
June10,1963thatitbecameillegaltopaywomenlowerratesforthesamejobstrictlyon
thebasisoftheirsex.Apartfromissuesonracialsegregation,therewasalsosexism.
CaoDi.Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.1Apr.2015.
InthebookEastEatsWestbyAndrewLam,therewasmentioningofCaodaism,which
exemplifiesthereligiouschangesintheWesternhemisphere.Religionbeingoneofthe
greatestfactorsinAmerica;Caodaismistheworshippingofamonotheisticbeingasthe
rulerofallothersupremebeing.CaodaismwasestablishedinVietnamin1926andmade
itsdebutinAmerica,immersingtheWestwiththeirreligiousvalues.Theexpansionof
religiontothoseofEasternvaluesprovesthediverseadaptationofAmericaas
exemplifiedbyAndrewLam.
ConceptArtWorld.Web.23Feb.2015.
ConceptArtWorld,asincontext,isanonlineupdatedwebsiteforconceptartists.Itgives
open access to many prestigious artists and allows you to upload a profile for your
artworkandinformation.Insimpleterms,itisasitewhereartistscangetinspiration,

lookforjoboffers,searchupleadingartistsintheartcommunity,andputtheirselvesout
forexposure.Italsoisanannexforstudioinsights,books,uptodatenews,andtraining.
Chuck,Elizabeth.TheKillingofanUnarmedTeen:WhatWeKnowAboutBrownsDeath.
NBCNews.13Aug.2014.Web.28Jan.2015.
IntheexcerptofDr.RameckHunt,fromThePact,itismentionedthatHuntwasavictim
ofracialprofiling.Huntwaschargedwithabsurdchargesforminimalreasons.Hestates
howunbelievablethesituationconsideringhowhewasamedicalstudentandhispresent
friendwasalawstudent.Inthebook,Huntquotes:Thecolorofourskinalonewas
enoughtomakeussuspect(Davisetal.200).Forwardingtopresentday,therehasbeen
manyrecentincidentsrelatingwithprejudicedracialprofiling,inthiscase,theshooting
ofMichaelBrown,a17yearoldhighschoolgraduate,aspiringtobeanengineer.Itis
saidbyBrownsfriend,DorianJohnsonthattheofficerdroveuptothepairand
threatenedtoshootwithoutclearreasons.Brownexclaimedthathedidnothaveagun
butwasstillshotdownDarrenWilson,awhiteFergusonpoliceofficer.Thisincident
causedanenrageduproarofthecommunitydemandingjusticeforBrown.
Churcher,Sharon.HerFamilyHiredMeasaMaidfor12YearsbutThenSheStoleMyLife
andMadeItaDisneyMovie.MailOnline.AssociatedNewspapers,4Sept.2011.Web.
24Feb.2015.
TherewasaprominentrelationshipbetweenAibileenandMaeMobleyinTheHelpthat
symbolizedtheunconditionallovebetweenanAfricanAmericanhelpandawhitechild.
Thebookportrayedthealmosttragicrelationshipbetweenthehelpandtheemployers

children.AbileneCooperclaimsthatTheHelpisthestoryofherlifewhensheworked
fortheStocketts.OneofthemajorcharactersinthebookwasAibileenClarkwhotook
careofMaeMobleyLeefolt.MostoftheAfricanAmericanmaidshadtofacecrude
situationswherethechildtheytookcareofalltheirliveswouldgrowupasprejudiced
andbiasedastheirparentsbecauseoftheconstantnegativeexposureofracial
segregation.
Davis,Sampson,GeorgeJenkins,andRameckHunt.TheFoundation.TheThreeDoctor:The
Foundation.16Nov.2008.Web.1Feb.2015.
TheThreeDoctorsFoundation,Incorporatedisthenonprofitfoundationalorganization
establishedbytheauthorsofThePacttoinspireandmotivateyouththrougheducation,
toachieveleadershipandcareersuccessin[the]communitythroughtheformationof
positivepeerandmentorrelationships.Beingtheepitomeofthethreessuccess,the
ThreeDoctorsFoundation,Inc.isbuiltforthesakeofthoseinsimilarsituationsandin
needofguidance.
Davis,Sampson,GeorgeJenkins,andRameckHunt.ThePact:ThreeYoungMenMakea
PromiseandFulfillaDream.NewYork:Riverhead,2003.Print.
ThePact:ThreeYoungMenMakeaPromiseandFulfillaDreamisaseriesof
inspirationalnonfictionautobiographiessetinNewark,NewJersey.Thebookillustrates
thesmallestlightofhopeignitedtothebrightestinahaphazardcommunityofviolence.
Thethreeauthors,Davis,Jenkins,andHunt,demonstratestheharshlivingconditionsin
thehoodsandhowtheywereabletoseekchangeintheirlivesaslifelongfriends.

Togethertheypulledthroughthickandthinandmadetheirdreamscometrue.Thebook
connectstovastcommunitiesoftheminoritiesandshineshopeforthebettermentofthe
future.Eachofthepersonalstoriesallowsthereaderstoempathizeandunderstandthe
circumstances,andinstallmotivationalwordstothoseinneed.Thebookoutlinesthe
mindsetoftheyouthoftodaythroughemblematicexperiencesofthethreedoctorsthat
triggerscriticalthinkingbyunderstandingthemoraloftheautobiographies.Davisetal.
depictsthelivesofthepeopleofcolorandtheirhazardouslivingenvironmentandhow
thethreeofthemwereabletoovercomestereotypes,challenges,failure,andother
obstaclesinlifetoachievetheirdreamsandgoals.
DeGregory,Priscilla,ReuvenFenton,andNatalieONeill.TeenAcceptedtoEveryIvyLeague
SchoolCreditshelicopterParentsNewYorkPost.JesseAngelo.2Apr.2014.Web.20.
Jan.2015.
KwasiEnin,a17yearoldstudentinLongIsland,wasacceptedtoeveryIvyLeague
school.Hethankshisparentsforbeingstrictandencouragingtowardshisstudies.The
termhelicopterparentsmeansthatEninsparentsconstantlywatchedoverhimand
guidedhiswaytohisacademicfuture.Eninseizedtheopportunityofhisparents
immigrationintoAmericaandexcelledinhisstudies.Thisnewsisabreakthroughto
stereotypicalassumptions.KwasiEnin,aGhanaianAmerican,wasneverimaginedtobe
someonetobeaccepted,ifnotone,alltheIvyLeagueschools.Hisfather,EbenezerEnin,
saidEverykidisspecial,butiftheydotherightthings,theycangettowhereheis.
RelatingwithThePact,bothpartiesovercametheirobstaclesandachievedtheirgoals.

Dweck,Carol.PraisingforEffort,NotIntelligence.EducationLeadership.65.2:3439.Print.
Dweckdeducesthecauseandeffectofpraising.Theresearchshowsthatdependingon
thedirectionofpraiseastudentspassagethrougheducationcanbeimprovedor
destructive.Itismentionedthatintelligenceisafixedtraitthatitcanbeimproved.When
astudentispraisedforbeingsmart,itdoesnotmotivatethemorencouragethembut
ratherturntheirfocalprioritiestobesmart.Theiropinionswouldbecomebiasedand
directedtowardsthethirdpartyandblindlyleadthemdownhill.Dweckillustratesthe
proceduresofgrowthofonesintelligenceasawhole.Wordshavepower.Praisingmay
bebeneficialonlywhenitiscorrectlyguidedfortheindividualseffort;saidcorrectlyit
canopenthemindofthosewhowerecutdownduetotheexposureofmalevolentwords
ofshallowpraise.Dweckstheoryappearedtobegreatlyinfluential,especiallytowards
students....thebrainislikeamuscle.Themoretheyexerciseit,thestrongerit
becomes(Dweck).Theinsightonwhatmostpeopletendtothinklightlyofisprovedto
beacrucialfoundationtotheprocessofachievement.
Elbow,Peter.Freewriting.WritingWithoutTeachers.NewYork:OxfordUP,1973.Print.
Inthisgallerywalktext;Elbowaugmentstheimportanceoffreewriting.Thereisagreat
differencebetweenvoicingyouropiniononpaperandoutloud.Peopletendtobecome
humanerrorcorrectorsandfixwordstheywritedown.Freewrtitng,asincontext,is
literallythechancetofreelyvoiceonesopinionwithoutthejudgmentalconsequences.
Whenitcomestowriting,peopletendtolosetheirvoiceandexterminateanyraw,
naturalopinionsbeforeeventrying.Wefearmistakesandjudgments,hencewetryto
avoiditevenifitmeantforustokillourvoice.Wekilloffourexistenceinordertobe

accepted.Thekeypointoffreewritingisthatthereisnoneedforediting;noneedfor
perfection.Itgivesthewriterthefreedomtogrowanddevelopskillsforthegreater.
Elbowscorevalueistoenhancethequalityofonesownvoice.
Ephron,Nora."TheBostonPhotographs."TheWriter'sPresence:APoolofReadings.
Bedford/St.Martin's,2011.Print.
UsingtheBostonphotographsdepictingtheprocessandaftermathofanaccident,Ephron
informstheaudiencebystatingtheprominenceofphotojournalismandhowitimpacts
thereaders.ThecontroversialimageswastakenbyEphron,whoevokedthenecessityof
informationinthenews,whichareoftencensoredforthesakeoftheaudienceandhowit
willcauseareaction.Itwasalsomentionedthatthedramaticperspectiveisusedto
conveythemessageofaphotographtotheaudienceandareoftenconveyedinthe
incorrectmanner.Ephronconcludesthatthefactthatthesephotographsdisturbthe
readersisimportantbecausesocietyshouldbeawareofthesesubjects:Thattheydisturb
thereadersisexactlyasitshouldbe:thatswhyphotojournalismisoftenmorepowerful
thanwrittenjournalism(Ephron660).
FallofSaigon.Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.18Mar.2015.
InrelationstothebookEastEatsWestbyAndrewLam,LammentionstheFallofSaigon
andtheVietnamWarbeingthecauseoftheimmigrationwaveinVietnamin1975.In
resulttothefallofthecity,theVietnamesewereforcedtoevacuateforsafety,called
OperationFrequentWind,whichwasthelargesthelicopterevacuationinhistory.Thisis

thegenesisofthegrandevolutionandadaptationoftheFarEasternhemispherefusing
withtheWest,influencingeachotheronbothends.
FilialPiety.Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.22Mar.2015.
TheconceptoffilialpietyisaprominentandcrucialfactorinAsiancultures.Itisa
Confucianphilosophyofhonoringandrespectingonesfather,elders,andancestors.
Someofthepracticesaretakingcareofonesparents,engagingingoodconductnotfor
oneselfbutforthegoodnameofonesparentsandancestors,showinglove,displaying
courtesy,carryingsacrificesaftertheirparentsdeath,ensuringmaleheirs,etc.Filial
pietywasaconceptmentionedinthebookEastEatsWestbyAndrewLam.
TheGreatDebaters.WeinsteinCo.,2007.Film.
TheGreatDebatersisafilmbasedonatruestoryabouttheWileyCollegedebateteam.
ThefilmembodiesthevoiceoftheAfricanAmericansinthe1930sinacountryofwhite
supremacy.OneofthemostmemorablequoteswasbySamanthaBooke,thefirstfemale
debaterontheteam:No,thetimeforjustice,thetimeforfreedom,andthetimefor
equalityisalways,isalwaysrightnow!Ibelievethisquoteholdstheveryheartsofthe
AfricanAmericaninTexas,wheretheJimCrowlawswereinitsprimetimeand
lynchingwaspopular,ifnottheworld.Witheachwintheircriesgrewlouder,witheach
losstheystoodupevenprouder.TheGreatDebatersisaprominentexampletothe
changeconsideringracialissuesandsocialinjustice.
Ha,DongJ."CounterStorytelling."Personalinterview.7Apr.2015.
Mr.HaisaKoreanAmericanimmigrantandacitizenoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,

whohavestartedhispathinLosAngelesin1989attheageof24,alone.Thegenesisof
hisbusinessasaselfemployedownerstartedin1922.Duringthetimeoftheriotshehas
continuedtobuildhisbusinessdespitethedeflationintheeconomy.HebelievesthatLos
Angeleshascontributedtohissuccessinthecommunityandcontinuestodosoinorder
tosupporthisfamily;aspiringhisentrepreneurship.
Haynes,MonicaL.Passing:HowPosingasWhiteBecameaChoiceforManyBlack
Americans.Passing:HowPosingasWhiteBecameaChoiceforManyBlack
Americans.PostGazette,26Oct.2003.Web.1Mar.2015.
ItwasmentionedthatConstantines,fromTheHelp,daughter,Lulabelle,wasconsidered
highyellow,orpassedaswhite.Constantinehadtogiveupherchildbecauseofthe
societalbureninthe1960s.Thisisafurtherinsightofthecolorcomplexinthe1960s
reflectingthesceneofLulabellesconnectiontothewhitecommunitythroughherlight
skin.Duringthe1950sandearly1960s,[BarbaraDouglass]didwhathermother
beforeherhaddone.Whathergrandmotherandauntshaddone.Shepassedforwhite.
Backthenwhenyoupassedforwhite,youhadbetterjobopportunities,equaltreatment,
priorities,etc.Douglassnevertoleratedracismdirectedtowardsotherpeople.
"HistoryoftheKoreanAmericansinLosAngeles."Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.5
Apr.2015.
Asof2008GreaterLosAngeleshasthelargestKoreancommunityintheUnitedStates
withabout60,000ethnicKoreans.TheKoreancommunityisasignificantpopulationin
LosAngeles.AfterthesecondwaveofKoreanimmigrants,andthepassageoftheHart

CellarAct,thepopulationgrowthinLosAngelesskyrocketed,whichresultedwiththe
organizationofKoreatown.Evenafterthe1992LosAngelesRiots,knownastheSaigu
poktong,theKoreancommunityheldtheirstandandcontinuedtoprosperdespitethe
deflationintheeconomy.
Hooks,Bell.CriticalThinking.Print.
IbelievethisisapartofthebookTeachingCriticalThinking:PracticalWisdom,which
amplifiestheeminenceofcriticalthinkingofstudents.HooksmentionsthatThinkingis
actionandthatcriticalthinkingisoursecondnaturetobeingalive.Environmental
exposureisacrucialaspect.Biasedopinionscanlimitthedepthofcriticalthinkingand
stripastudentsabilitytothink.Criticalthinkingisnotsomethingyouacceptbut
somethingyoutriggerandgenerateyourself.Nowadays,peoplearetoolazyand/or
incapableofcriticalthinkingbecausetheyeitherfearthedepthofthinkingortheyjust
dontcare.Majorityfavorssimplicityandpreferstobeignorantinexchangefordumb
comfort.Keepinganopenmindisanessentialrequirementofcriticalthinking(Hooks).
Inthispaper,Hookstatesthatalearningcommunityneverfailsandheightensthe
understandingoftheimportanceofeducationinanycommunity.
Huxley,Aldous.BraveNewWorld.NewYork:Harper&Bros.,1946.Print.(FreeReading)
BraveNewWorldisanovelbyAldousHuxleyofafictionalfuturisticdystopiansociety.
Eachindividualisdividedintopredestinedgroups:Alpha,Beta,Gamma,andEpsilon.
Peopleareraisedandconditionedinfactoriesbasedontheircaste.Theconceptof
parenthoodisabandonedandconsideredaperverseancienthistory.Monogamyis

frowneduponandpromiscuityishighlypracticed.Eachindividualwasconditionedin
hypnopdiatobehappy;inotherwords,contentwiththelifetheyweregivenina
bottle.Amongthisorderlycivilization,thereisasmidgenofdisorderwhenthecharacter
Bernardsoughtforchange.
"IllustratorSalary(UnitedStates)."IllustratorSalary(UnitedStates).Web.16Feb.2015.
PayScaleisanonlinesourcethatallowsyoutoaccessaccuratecompensatoryratesof
yourselectedfieldinbusiness.Forfreelanceartists,itisalwaysbeneficialtothoroughly
knowyourworth,especiallybecausetheiroccupationismainlybasedontheirpersonal
talent. Freelance artists, in general terms, are the product itself. Being aware of the
precisesalarywagesinthedesignatedworklocationsisimportant.Manyfreelanceartists
struggle with how much they charge for their work and are often ripped off, which
usually results with them ruining their career early. PayScale thoroughly provide
necessaryinformationsuchasthehourlyrates,annualrates,commissions,etc.
Inniss,JanicePrince.EverydaySociologyBlog.EverydaySociologyBlog.W.W.Norton&
Company,Inc.,28Jan.2010.Web.15Feb.2015.
However,researchfindingsindicatethatlighterskinispositivelyrelatedtojobstatus,
education,income,andmaritalstatusamongblacks;darkskinnedAfricanAmericans
evenreceivelongerprisonsentencesthatthelightskinned.Itwasmentionedbythe
fictionalcharacter,AibileenfromTheHelpbyKathrynStockett,thatitbeahard,lonely
life,nottobelongherenorthereforalightskinnedchildtoliveinacoloredsociety.
Thisarticlegivesinsightontheunjustlyactsofracialsegregation.

Ivers,Dan.NewarkHadNationsThirdHighestMurderRatein2013,FBISays.NJ.com.17
Nov.2104.Web.21Jan.2015.
LinkingthisarticlewithThePact,asanoutsidereference,withthesettingofthebook,it
providesdeeperinsightoftheenvironmentthethreedoctorsweresurroundedwith.In
2013,Newarkwasthirdwiththehighestcriminal/murderrateinthenation.ThePact
takingplaceinasearlyasthe1980s,wasdescribedtobeoneofthemostdangerous
placestolivein.Nowasoftoday,itstillholdsitsinfamoustitle.
Johns,AnnM.DiscourseCommunitiesandCommunitiesofPractice:Membership,Conflict,
andDiversity.Text,Role,andContext:DevelopingAcademicLiteracies.Cambridge,
NewYork:CambridgeUP,1997.498517.Print.
ThroughJohnsresearchdeducestheabstract,complex,andcontestednatureofthe
termdiscoursecommunity(Johns499).Itismentionedthattheprominenceofthe
transitionfromexposuretoexperienceforstudents.Johnscomparesandcontraststhe
prosandconsofbeingassociatedwithadiscoursecommunity,supportingtheresearch
withactualexamplesandnotjusttheoreticalpossibilities.AccordingtoJohns,discourse
communitiesarethesecondarycommunity,oradevelopedcommunityofexperience,
basedontheindividualsgoals.Thefirstcommunityisthecommunitybasedoffthe
individualsexposure,usuallyreligious,tribal,social,oreconomic.Theresearchalso
notesthecrucialnecessityoflanguageandtext,includingtheunavoidableconsequences
andissuesofaffiliatingwithadiscoursecommunity.Itmaystripawayanddominate
overthefirstcommunityand/ordestroyentirelybasedoffoftheindividualspointof
viewandbackground.

Kim,GraceE."CounterStorytelling."Telephoneinterview.7Apr.2015.
GraceEunheeKimisaoneandahalfgenerationKoreanAmericanwhoisnowastudent
attheUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesmajoringinlinguistics.Incontributiontothe
counterstorytelling,shestatesheridealsofbeingapartoftheAsianAmerican
marginalizedgroupinLosAngelesanditsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Shehas
exceededbasicstereotypesandisanaspiringlinguisticsmajor,continuingherstudies
withconsistentachievements.
"Koreatown,LosAngeles."Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.4Apr.2015.
KoreatownisoneoftheabundantAsianAmericanmetropolitancitiesinLosAngeles,
California.WithitsgrowingpopulationofKoreanAmericansandanethnicvarietyof
others,Koreatownbecomestheheartofcultureanddiversity.Itisthemostdensely
populateddistrictinLosAngelesCountyandathrivingcommunity.Inrelationtothe
essayoncounterstorytelling,Koreatownisagreatlocationtosetthesettingof
perspective.ItsentityisacrucialcontributionofLosAngelesprosperityandstabilityin
termsofeconomicvalues.
Lam,Andrew.EastEatsWest:WritinginTwoHemispheres.Berkeley,Calif.:Heyday,2010.
Print.
Inthisbook,theauthorAndrewLambringsinsighttotheFarEasternculturetoAmerica
andhowitsinfluenceshaveshapedtheworldtoday.Inhisstoriesitprovidesthereaders
tounderstandandsympathizewiththedeephistoryoftheAsiancultureandhowithas
affectedthedevelopmentofAmerica.Thebookcoversvarioussubjectssuchasfood,

tradition,history,filialpiety,adaptation,globalization,multiculturalism,etc.Italso
embodiestheconceptofhowboththeEasternandWesternhemisphereinfluenceeach
otherandglobalizetheworldwithitscolors.
MerriweatherHunn,LisaR.,TalmadgeC.Guy,andElaineManglitz.WhoCanSpeakfor
Whom?UsingCounterStorytellingtoChallengeRacialHegemony.Print.
Thisarticlediscussestheexistenceofracialhegemonyinacommunityandtheeffectsof
counterstorytelling,amethodtoexposeraceneutraldiscoursetorevelhowwhite
privilegeoperateswithinanideologicalframeworktoreinforceandsupportunequal
societalrelationsbetweenwhitesandpeopleofcolor.Merriweatherallowsthereaders
toperceptthroughtheoreticalsensitivityandculturalsensitivity,andprovidesexamples
ofcounterstorytellingtosupporttheeffectsforchange.Thediscussionrevolvesaround
thecapabilitiesandhopesofbringingequalitytothecommunitythroughspeechand
understanding.
Morris,Errol."Liar,Liar,PantsonFire."TheWriter'sPresence:APoolofReadings.
Bedford/St.Martin's,2011.Print.
Picturearesupposedtobeworthathousandwords.Butapictureunaccompaniedby
wordsmaynotmeananythingatall(Morris754).Morrisstatesthatthetrueorfalse
debatecanneverbeappliedtopictures.Althoughtheymaybeusedasadocumentation
ofanevent,withoutcontext,thepictureisuseless.Morrissetsanexampleusingthe
pictureoftheLusitania,aBritishshiplaunchedin1907,bydeducingthestepsof
clarificationthroughhistoryandknowledgegivenincontext.Indeedmajoritywouldbe

unawareofthefactswithoutcontextandmayconveyinamisleadingmanner.Hencethe
statementthatwithoutcontext,picturescanneverbelabeledtrueorfalse.
NAACP.History.com.A&ETelevisionNetworks.Web.18Feb.2015.
InTheHelpbyKathrynStockett,therewasamentionoftheshootingofMedgarEvers
afterhespokeforcivilrights.TheNAACP(NationalAssociationfortheAdvancement
ofColoredPeople)isanorganization,foundin1909,thatretainedaprominentrole
withinthemovement,coorganizingthe1963MarchonWashington,andsuccessfully
lobbyingforlegislationthatresultdinthe1964CivilRightsActand1965VotingAct.
ThisillustratestheharshconditionfortheCivilRightsActivistsandtheNAACPinthe
1960sinordertobringjusticeandfreedomtotheAfricanAmericansinthecountry.
"NewYorkCityTeachers'Strikeof1968."Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation,16Dec.2014.
Web.5Mar.2015.
ItwasmentionedinTheHelpthatMaeMobleywastaughtinschoolthatbeingcolored
wasdirtyandbad.Inthe1960stherewastheTeachersStrikeof1968tokeeporderof
thesegregatedfacilitiesinthecountry.TheNewYorkCityteachers'strikeof1968was
amonthslongconfrontationbetweenthenewcommunitycontrolledschoolboardinthe
largelyblackOceanHillBrownsvilleneighborhoodsofBrooklyn,andNewYork
CitysUnitedFederationofTeachers.ThestrikedraggedonfromMay1968to
November1968,shuttingdownthepublicschoolsforatotalof36daysandincreasing
racialtensionsbetweenBlacksandJews.Racismisnotinherent,itistaught.

Pipher,MaryBray."IntroductionWritingtoConnect."WritingtoChangetheWorld.New
York:Riverhead,2006.131.Print.
Inthisbook,Pipheremphasizesthecrucialityofwriting.Sheinformsthereadershow
languageandwritingshapedusthroughouthistory,supportingeachstatementwith
prominentquotesfromsymbolichistoricalfigures.Byengagingtheaudienceby
dedicatingittoordinarypeople,Merriweatheraimsfromempathicreactionforchange.
Itfocusesonhowwordsarepowerandhowitcanchangetheworld.Throughouteach
passagetherearecountlessemphasisonacceptanceandcooperationforabetterfuture..
..Thebestwaytofacilitatechangeistoacceptpeopleexactlyastheyare.Italso
mentionshowthepowerofwordsdevelopedtheworldandalsodestroyedit.
PlasticMakesPerfect.TheEconomist.TheEconomistNewspaper,30Jan.2013.Web.26Mar.
2015.
AndrewLam,theauthorofEastEatsWest,statestheideologyofplasticsurgeryinthe
East,contrastingwiththegrowinginfluenceofWesternidealsofbeauty.Forfurther
information,thestatisticsshownaretherisingdigitsofthoseofAsiandescentturningto
theknifeortheneedleinthehopeofphysicalperfection.Manyoftheseaspectsare
basedonWesternidealsofbeautyhencerelatingtotheinfluenceofWesterncultureon
theEast.
RossBarnett.Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.22Feb.2015.
Itwasmentionedby,thefictionalcharacterofTheHelp,MissHillyHolbrooksupported
thegovernorofMississippiintheearly1960s.RossBarnettwasaprominentmemberof

theDixiecrats,SouthernDemocratswhosupportedracialsegregation.Thementionof
thegovernorinhisprimetimeinJackson,Mississippi,connectstothestandardmindset
oftheresidentsinthestate.
"StashMagazine."AboutStash.Web.22Feb.2015.
StashMagazineprovidessubscribersaccesstotheplanetslargestonlinelibraryof
animation,VFXandmotiondesign.Thisisawellknownwebsiteartistsgofor
inspirationandperception.Withoutmotivationandsourcestofueltheirproductionit
becomesthegreatestobstaclestoallartists.StashMagazineisalsoanetworkforartists
tobrowseforjoboffersandnewsoncommissionsandcompetitions,andcontactto
variousconsequentialartistsintheartcommunity.Itisanexcellentconnectiontothe
discoursecommunityandbranches.
Stockett,Kathryn.TheHelp.NewYork:AmyEinhorn,2009.Print.
TheHelpisanovelofaseriesofdifferentperspectivesoftheAfricanAmericanhelpsin
Jackson,Mississippiintheearly1960s.Thebookillustratesthediscriminatorylifestyle
betweenwhitepeopleandcoloredpeople.Thebookexemplifieshistoricalsegregated
issues,suchasseparatebathroomsforthecoloredhelp.Itwassaidthattheauthor,
KathrynStockett,includedapartofherpersonalexperiencetothisbookhavingahelpin
herownhouseholdandrelatives.TheHelpspointofviewisdividedamongthree
significantcharacters:Aibileen,Minny,andMissSkeeter,theAngloSaxon
counterpart.Eachcharactertellstheirsideofthestorygivingthereadersmore
perspectiveandinsightofthesituation.Thebookiscounterstorytellingagainstracial

hegemonyusingtheviewpointoftheAfricanAmericanhelp,shininglightontojustice
andchange.Thecharactersriskedlosingeverythingtogainsomethinggreater,tobring
changetotheircurrentstate.
Swales,John.TheConceptofDiscourseCommunity.GenreAnalysis:EnglishinAcademic
andResearchSettings.Boston:CambridgeUP,1990.466473.Print.
Swalesmentionstwocommunities,speechanddiscourse,inhisresearch.Aspeech
communitytypicallyinheritsitsmembershipbybirth,accident,oradoption;adiscourse
communityrecruitsitsmembersbypersuasion,training,orrelevantqualification
(Swales471).Therearesixcharacteristicsofdiscoursecommunitiesaccordingto
Swalesconceptualization.Adiscoursecommunityhas:asetofcommonpublicgoals,
mechanismsofintercommunication,participatorymechanismstoprovideinformation
andfeedback,oneormoregenre,acquiredsomespecificlingo,andaborderlinelevelof
memberswithadegreeofrelevantcontentandexpertiseofthediscoursecommunity.
Throughtherawdissectionbetweenthetwocommunitiesthemajorpointstoidentifyand
categorizethecontrastisgiven.
Tan,Amy."MotherTongue."Print.
Languageisaprimefactorofcommunication.Tanexemplifiesitsspectrumsofdifferent
languageboundariesusinghermotherasanexample.TanmentionsakindofEnglish;
adifferentsort.ShedistinguishesproperEnglishandthekindofEnglishsheuses
withhermotherandhusband.Tanstatesthatbecauseofthelanguagebarriersand
miscommunications,manyimmigrantsarelookeddownonfortheirimperfectEnglish.

AsTanjourneyeddowntheroadofEnglishliteratureshefoundanequilibriumbetween
thetwoinTheJoyluckClubandfoundherauthenticvoice,andwasabletoconnectwith
awidevarietalaudience.
Thacker,Jim."10TipsforSurvivingasaFreelanceArtist."ArtStationMagazine.5Feb.2015.
Web.16Feb.2015.
Based on the ArtStation Magazine, this article provides applicable tips for freelance
artists who are starting their career or in need of motivation to continue on as one.
Thackerinterviewedforadvicefromtendifferentprominentartistswhoworkfreelance
orwhohaveinthepast.Witheachtipisfollowedbyamoredetailedexplanationinwhy
doing

so.

Thetentipsare:
1. Workforacompanyfirst
2. Dontbeshyaboutpromotingyourself
3. Usesocialmedia
4. Dontblowitwhenyoumeetfacetoface
5. Respectyourclients
6. Getorganized
7. Getintoroutineearly
8. Treatfreelancelikeaninetofivejob
9. Buildaninspirationsystem
10. Valueyourself
Wardle,ElizabethIdentity,Authority,andLearningtoWriteinNewWorkplaces.
Enculturation5.2(2004):520533.Print.
Thisresearchdemonstratestheethicsofaparticulardiscoursecommunity.Usingan
exampleinaworkplacesetting,Wardleillustratestheexperimentationofaparticular

employee.ThroughthisexperimentWardlewasabletoshowthecauseandreactionina
discoursecommunitybasedoffanincapableadaptor,Alan.Inthearticle,itismentioned
howthetransitionintoadiscoursecommunityvariesbasedofftheindividualandhis/her
capabilityofadapting.Therearethreemodesofbelongingmentioned:engagement,
imagination,andalignment.Wardlerelatesthemodestothroughexamplesunder
identity,authority,andlearning.WithathoroughexampleofAlanbeingatunnel
visionedemployeewhowasunabletofitintohisdiscoursecommunity,itisclearhow
crucialcommunicationandliteraleducationis.Beingapartofadiscoursecommunity
requiresabilitiesandwillingnesstolearn(Wardle521).
"WhyDoSoManyAsiansOwnTheirOwnBusinesses?"AsianSmallBusinesses&Self
Employment:AsianNation.Web.5Apr.2015.
ManyAsianimmigrantsestablishselfownedbusinessesandprosperallacrossAmerica.
AsianAmericansareoneofthefastgrowingethnicgroupsinAmericaandareconstantly
developingandadaptingtotheenvironment.ThereasonwhymostAsianimmigrants
havesmallselfownedbusinessesisbecause,forone,profit,andaspirationto
entrepreneurship.Overthetime,KoreanAmericanshavesteadilyroseuptheAPAandis
nowthirdinrankafterChineseandIndian.Manysmallbusinessessettleforthesafezone
butthosewhoseekhighergoalsaimandchallengetheirpotentialinmoredifficult,
competitivesettings.
Zinn,Howard."StoriesHollywoodNeverTells."TheWriter'sPresence:APoolofReadings.
Bedford/St.Martin's,2011.Print.

UsingtheiconicfigureofHollywood,ZinnprovidesinsightofhowHollywood
fabricateseverysocialissue:Hollywoodisntgoingtomakemoviesthatareclass
conscious,orantiwar,orconsciousoftheneedforracialequalityorgenderequality
(Zinn861).Hollywood,beingthefamousandrenownedcityofglamourandshow,isthe
highlightofanyentertainmentornews.ButitisclearthatHollywoodprioritizesvisuals
andprofitoverinformation.Complexmatters,suchaswars,arecondensedand
simplified,andglorifiedtomilitaryheroism.Therearemanyuntoldstoriesandbehind
thescenemomentsthatwerenevercapturedinHollywoodsfilms.Zinncallstoaction
withthestatement:Whatwemustdowhetherweteachorwriteormakefilmsis
educateanewgenerationtodothisverymodestthing:changetheworld(Zinn868).
"1992LosAngelesRiots."Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation.Web.7Apr.2015.
The1992LosAngelesRiots,alsoknownastheLosAngelesuprising,wasaseriesof
riotsinLosAngelestriggeredbytheunjustverdictofpolicebrutalityagainstRodney
King.Theriotresultedwithatraumaticviolentoutcomewithcountlesscollateral
damages,whichnegativelyaffectedtheeconomy.TheKoreancommunityatthattime
wasactivecontributorsintheriotforthesakeofjustice.Duringtheriots,manyKorean
immigrantsfromthearearushedtoKoreatown,afterKoreanlanguageradiostations
calledforvolunteerstoguardagainstrioters.