Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
R) allusion
S) analogy
T) anecdote
L) testimonial
Y) parallelism
Z) repetition
M)
expert opinion
N)
celebrity endorsement
O) snob appeal
P) plain folks appeal
Q) bandwagon appeal
U) aphorism
V) slogan
W) rhetorical
X) shocking statistic
DIRECTIONS: As a pre-test, do your best to fill in the blank with the letter for the
CORRECT / MOST SPECIFIC term for the definition and example provided. Use each one
only once. (NOTE: After we go over the correct answers, write the correct term -- not
just letter -- in the blank for better studying.)
1) ____persuasion______ - the attempt to convince others to do something or to
change a belief of their own free will
2)
(EXAMPLE: When teens get heated up, they should remember that having sex truly is like playing with fire. It
can hurt, it can burn, and it can leave scars on their lives that last forever.
5) ___card-stacking________________________ - based on a half-truth, or not telling the whole truth; A
form of manipulation that presents only partial information in order to leave an inaccurate impression;
Emphasizes only a part of the information that supports a particular viewpoint.
(EXAMPLE: An AT&T commercial says their network has the fewest dropped calls, but doesnt explain that its
only because they also have the fewest calls that are actually connected. Calls cant be dropped if they arent
connected to begin with.)
(CONTINUED)
6)
_____repetition________________________ - a persuasive technique in which a word, phrase,
sentence, slogan, idea, etc., is used multiple times for emphasis
(EXAMPLE: Today is the day to make a change! Today is the day to make a difference!)
7) ______parallelism______________________ - use of phrases, clauses, or sentences that are similar in
grammatical structure and/or meaning; they come side-by-side or close together and are used for
special emphasis (EXAMPLE: When sex is over, teens are left to face the possibility of pregnancy. She
waits. He wonders. They worry.)
8) _______slogan______________________- a catchy phrase used in ads, campaigns, etc.
9) _________anecdote_________________- short, interesting story told to make a point
(EXAMPLE: Karen was 15 years old when she met Dan. She had never had a real boyfriend before, and she
thought he was the cutest guy in the whole school! She knew she was in love and thought he was, too. Now Dan
is nowhere to be found. But Karen is reminded of him every time she looks into her little babys eyes.)
10) ____allusion___________________________ - a reference to a person, place, event, or a another
literary work that is mentioned with the belief that the reader/audience will understand what is being
talked about and where the reference comes from.
(EXAMPLE: Many teen-agers are tempted by their partners to have sex, even when they believe its the wrong
thing to do. When this happens, they should realize the partners pleading is just like the song of the siren that
Odysseus faced; it sounds enticing but will bring nothing but harm in the long run.)
11) _____stereotype__________________ - a biased belief about a whole group of people based on
insufficient (not enough) evidence or irrelevant (unrelated) evidence (
EXAMPLES: all blondes are dumb ... OR ... that all company presidents are more concerned about profit and
personal gain than about their employees)
12) __logical appeal / reasoning______________ - based on reasons supported by evidence; attempts to
convince the audience using rational argument based on thought, not emotion
__loaded words___________________________ - Based on the strong positive or negative
connotations or feelings associated with words; Used to create very strong positive or negative
attitudes toward a person, group, or idea.
(EXAMPLE: A person who is assertive and out-spoken may be described as confident to promote a positive
attitude toward that person OR as pushy to promote a negative attitude about that same characteristic in a
person.
13)
14)
16)
(CONTINUED)
18)
22)
23) __emotional appeal ___________________________ - An attempt to affect how people in the audience
feel so they will agree with you. It is a statement that arouses strong feelings (positive or negative) such
as pleasure or anger, joy or sadness, pride or shame; desire for success, fear, etc.; (Sometimes called
heartstrings appeal.)
(EXAMPLE: A coffee ad shows an older brother coming home from the military overseas
and surprising his younger sister, while they enjoy a cup of coffee).
24) __rhetorical__________________-question asked for effect, not expecting or requiring answer.
(EXAMPLE: Shouldnt we be more concerned about our grandchildrens future?)
25) __shocking statistic____________________- a surprising and/or disturbing percentage used for effect
26) __subliminal____________________ - Hidden messages perceived by or affecting someone
subconsciously, without the person being aware of it.