Table 4-1 Equivalent Spring Constants for Rigid Circular and Rectangular Footings {after ref. 19) Mode of Vibration Circular Footing _ Rectangular Footing G Vertical A cs YL, 32(1-¥)Gre aa Horizontal By =~ te A= LENCE, VBEa Rocking by = No solution available: Torsional = hy = Use te from Table 4-2 dees uk tneminigy Berea ne ete a 2 . os f tH Ho 1 Figure 4-1. Coefficients 6,, ,, and 8, for rectangular footings (after ref. 19).Table 4-2 Embedment Coefficients for Spring Constants (alter ref. 18) Mode of ro for Rectangular Vibration "” Foundation Goefficient. Vestica! Vile me = 1+ 0.0011 /ro) Horizontal BLE m= 1+ 895(2— PKI ro} ay = TEL 9h) eet ety Rocking WEL/ar Torsional VBUE FD \J6r ‘Noce available Notes: ig the, depth of foundation embedment below grade: L is horizontal dimension perpendicular to aais ef rock: ings B is remaining horizontal dimension, Table 4-3 Equivalent Damping Ratio for Right Cireular and Rectangular Footings (otter ret. 12) ‘eae st Vibeation Mas (or Inertia) Ratio Damping Ratio Vertical Hoes Rocking Teesees!Table 4-4 Effect of Depth of Embedment on Damping Ratio (after ret. 18) Mode of Vibration Damping Ratlo Embedment Factor a 14190») = Vertical Horzortal — vn LA O7(1 =) (h/ro) + 0.62 ~ ») (ar, Rocking a= — nie vw Table 4-5, ss of my for Various Values of 2, By 5 a 2 1 as os 02 ™ 1m 0 18) 1a 1a 138 6% "Alte Richart, Hall and Woe (el 12) Reprinted by prion af Prete Hall, ie, Eagiened Cif, N)Table 4-6 Geotechnical Considerations Mass Moments of Inertie of Common Geometric Shapes. SLENDER ROD THIN RECTANGULAR PLATE RECTANGULAR PRISM THIN DISK 1 ag? =I=gme CIRCULAR CYLINDER I,=5 mat 1,-1,= hme!) telyenin CIRCULAR CONE 3 Be Tyal,=Fm(gorertyTable 4-7 Values of k Plastitey Index x o o 20 0.18 40 0.30 oO OdL 80 0.48 10 948 oz 2 ol we & 8 sso g e Floto} 5 : ae 2 FEN 2 ° to" 1” 107 10 Shear Stroin in percent Figure 4-13. Material damping ratics for sands and clays (after ref. 14), Table 4-9 Typical Values for Poisson's Ratio Soll Type , Saturated Ciay 0.45-0.50 Partially Saturated Clay 038-045 Dense Saad or Gravel o4 05 Medium Dense Saad or Gravel 03 -04 silt 03 04eo (ALL MODES) nw WSS ANG ERT ml ROPERTIES. Bysé fr ime surfoce aasore B,815 “oO o 05 to 15 20 Embedment Radius Figure 4-15. Effect of embedment on resonant fre- quency (after ret. 15).4 [NEMA SM-21—1970 (SHAFT) —t 2 | E | = ‘S| NEMA SM 221970 (SHAFT)| 5 Pees 3 ze <—API STD 612 S SA. (SHAFT) a = (SHAFT) 2 X35; t é XN KRUGLOV z { SHAFT) 2 o3 VDI 2056-ALLOWABLE s SON EARING) Bo2 ~ 2 SHIPBOARD VDI 2056-NEW ] mi STD-167 cA _ (BEARING) | (SHAFT) 1,000 5,000 10,000 30,000 60,000 Vibration Frequency, cpm Figure 3-1. Classification of severity of machinery vibration. From C.M. Harris, and C.E. Crede, Shock and Vibration Handbook. Used with permission of McGraw-Hill, 1976.yeULIOJEd VONBIQIA “E-€ OINBI4 Guneios yo eour002) cor 0.005 0.002 ©.001 0.0008 DISPLACEMENT AMPLITUDE, A, (IN.) 0.0002| + FROM REIKER AND MEISTER (1931)— (STEADY STATE VIBRATIONS) — 0.0001 : © FROM RAUSH (1943)—(STEADY STATE ViSRATIONS) 100 200 300 1000 2000 5000 10,000 FROM CRANDELL (1949) (DUE TO BLASTING) FREQUENCY, CPM its of vibration amplitude for a particular frequency (see ref. 10). Figure 3-4, GeneralTable 3-2 Genera! Machinery Vibration-Severity Data® Horizontal Peak Velocity (in./sec.) Machine Operation <0.005 Extremely smooth Very smidoth Smooth Very good Good Fate Slightly rough Rough Very rough “After Baxter and Bernhard (ref. 8).+00 tu /panyusuen 20103 = +z oy /paratuisuen a10q = 47 wg Ag = (Sudureg jeonED) *9 *9/9 = (ones Sudused) a (u/ayd = (Aouanbaxy z0jnasp eanaeu pedumepug) te tej = sang aa) hem aaasie * ei -1hae “cup eaeath poe (wpa) 0 = 4 sd) + le ——— =“ ef oa = oy ‘uopenprg 9d41-seejy SopNOY 4d 2) + het ty Kaa+is wathat oe ee; (a/*4) ee-th f= S (Wan =A C8) + elt “HK 1 yawIsUOD oy wopwysxg 9220 1uMsI0D, soyoRp Aampagssyutswes 4f Kowanbayy quevosss 30 apnrydury Aauanbasy yueuosDy, f ouenbeyy 38 aprayday sonoty UORLYLUFEYY uorssaxdrg wajskg wopea4-jo-se13eq-3j3uIS © 40) suojsseidxg paauag jo Kiewwng fri aiden