Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
II
1939 - 1945
Key
People
Adol
f
Hitl
er
Jose
ph
Stali
n
Benito
Musso
lini
Born July 29, 1883
in Predappio, Italy
Hideki
Tojo
Born December 30,
1884 in Kojimachi,
Tokyo
After the global depression in the 1930s, Japans government has been ruled
with strong Militaristic views. Hideki Tojo became Prime Minister in 1941
Tojo believes strongly in Militarism, where the military controls much of the
government and plays greater roles in politics. With combined Nationalism,
Japans military grew as they invaded foreign land for resources and living
space.
Winst
on
Churc
Franklin
D.
Rooseve
lt
Born January 30, 1882
in Hyde Park, New York
Franklin Delano Roosevelt suffered from Polio since 1921, which made him
physically disabled, a fact that was hidden from the public
As the 32nd President of the United States, he served 4 terms, from 1933-1945,
making him the longest running president in office.
Roosevelt was loved by the people and was an excellent speaker, able to move
millions across the country over the radio
He and Churchill created the Lend-Lease Act in 1941 to support Britain with all
aid short of war, while still keeping America neutral
World War II
Begins
After a Nonaggression Pact with Russia, Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, (after
several invasions and appeasements by the Allied Powers), finally invaded Poland,
France and Britain declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939
World War II has now begun
Using their Blitzkrieg or
lightning warfare strategy,
German planes bombed
Poland while tanks and
infantry fought through
weak spots to surround and
destroy.
Sharing Poland with Russia, Hitler invaded the western countries of Belgium,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and France.
In 1940, Hitler took the Scandinavian countries Denmark and Norway to the North
On May 10th, he invaded the lower countries to the South
With their lightning
warfare, the Germans raced
across France, driving the
British to the North, who
were saved by their own
people in the Miracle of
Dunkirk
With Frances fall imminent, Mussolini used the opportunity. Italy joined Germany
and declared war on France and Britain. These 2 became the Axis Powers
France surrendered to Germany on June 22
Hitler now controlled 60% of Europe
With France now run by a
puppet government (Vichy
France), Britain was forced
to fight the Axis Powers
alone
British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill gave his
famous We Shall Fight on
the Beaches speech before
the House of Commons:
Aware of the powerful British Navy, Hitler focused on air attacks. Luftwaffe, the
German air force, bombed the British shores, attacking ships, ports, naval bases,
industrial centers, radar stations, etc
Britain sent their Royal Air Force in a counterattack known as the Battle of Britain
After the British launched a
bombing raid over Berlin,
Germany led a bombing over
London that lasted weeks,
called the London Blitz
During the Battle of Britain, Churchill and Roosevelt adopted a plan for the US to
aid Britain in war, while staying neutral. The Lend-Lease Act was passed in 1941
Hitler, giving up on Britain, broke his Nonaggression Pact with the Soviet Union
and sent troops to invade Russia. Russia then joined the Allies against Germany
America
Enters the
War
On December 7, 1941,
Japan led an air raid on
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, a
naval base for the US
Pacific fleet
Japanese planes
bombed over 18
American ships and
countless more military
vehicles. Thousands of
Americans were killed or
wounded, and the next
day, we were at war
Over 16 million men were registered in 1940, and because of their government
issued equipment, were called the G.I.s
Many of these men had little to no experience and were not prepared for combat.
When they would return home, they would be physically, mentally, or emotionally
scarred by their experiences
Japanese-Americans often had not fully assimilated and faced much discrimination.
Executive Order 9066 set up large military complexes that held thousands of
citizens believed to be possible threats
African Americans also faced strong segregation
Many took part in Double V Campaigns, which
supported democracy both at home and abroad
Millions of black soldiers served, but many were not
allowed in combat. Leaders often pressed to end
military discrimination
In 1941, the first black combat unit, the Tuskegee
Airmen, was established. This air unit earned a
reputation of courage, and showed the equality of men
at war. They were the only unit to never lose a pilot
War in
Europe
(about 5 min)
This victory in Europe, or V-E Day, on May 8th celebrated the end of the war with
Germany
Unfortunately, Roosevelt died on April 12, so the next President, Harry Truman,
dedicated the end of the war to FDR
War in the
Pacific
First proposed by Albert Einstein, he believed that the Nazis were attempting to
create a powerful weapon, so we tried to build it first
The Manhattan Project was the secret government program of the design and
construction of the new weapon, the Atomic Bomb
At war with Japan and countless warnings, President Truman claimed he had no
hesitation making the decision to use it
Costs and
Casualties
An estimated 55
million people died
during the length of
WWII, 30 million of
them were civilians
The Holocaust
Estimated 11 million killed, 6 million
of them were Polish citizens
(Hitler made a
Neutrality pact
with Stalin)
1939
1940
1941
1943
1942
1944
1945
Germany
Japan
Allied
The
Allied
Allies
forces
attacks
quickly
fought
launched
march
Powers
land
Pearl
up
through
takes
in into
(France
over
Harbor,
South
Italy,
Operation
Germany,
France,
who
Africa
and
and
quickly
towards
Overlord
the
Britain)
to
while
fight
USBerlin,
Italy
(Doff
declare
uses
declares
the
surrendered
Day)
from
German
the
on
thewar
Normandy,
East,
war
opportunity
on
and
on
with
Germany
Japan.
then
the
then
to
declare
Hitler
reinforcements.
declared
liberated
Red
Army
unnecessarily
war
war
France.
onon
on
the
the
Hitler
West.
Allied
Allies.
Germany
declared
sends
Germany.
forces
As
theyan
crossed
closed
war
offensive
and
Theon
Italy
Germans
in,
the
the
Hitler
strike
US,
become
who
into
in
German
killed
Russia
Russia
joined
himself,
the
borders,
also
the
Axis
causing
Allies
Powers
but to
not
fightGerman
surrendered
before
the
theHitlers
Axisarmy
to
Powers
last
theto
Soviets surrender.
offensive,
quickly
the Battle
Onof
the Bulge
May
8 (V-E Day), the war
in Europe ended
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