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Fallingheadpermeabilitytest
Geotechdata.infoUpdated13.09.2013

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CONCEPT
Thefallingheadpermeabilitytestisacommonlaboratorytestingmethodusedtodeterminethe
permeabilityoffinegrainedsoilswithintermediateandlowpermeabilitysuchassiltsandclays.This
testingmethodcanbeappliedtoanundisturbedsample.

DESCRIPTIONANDPROCEDURE
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Thefallingheadpermeabilitytestinvolvesflowofwaterthrougharelativelyshortsoilsample
connectedtoastandpipewhichprovidesthewaterheadandalsoallowsmeasuringthevolumeof
waterpassingthroughthesample.Thediameterofthestandpipedependsonthepermeabilityofthe
testedsoil.ThetestcanbecarriedoutinaFallingHeadpermeabilitycellorinanoedometercell.
Beforestartingtheflowmeasurements,thesoilsampleissaturatedandthestandpipesarefilledwith
deairedwatertoagivenlevel.Thetestthenstartsbyallowingwatertoflowthroughthesampleuntil
thewaterinthestandpipereachesagivenlowerlimit.Thetimerequiredforthewaterinthe
standpipetotodropfromtheuppertothelowerlevelisrecorderd.Often,thestandpipeisrefilled
andthetestisrepeatedforcoupleoftimes.Therecordedtimeshouldbethesameforeachtest
withinanallowablevariationofabout10%(Head1982)otherwisethetestisfailed.
Onthebasisofthetestresults,thepermeabilityofthesamplecanbecalculatedas

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K=[a.L/(A.t)].Log(h_U/h_L)
inwhichwehave

L:theheightofthesoilsamplecolumn
A:thesamplecrosssection
a:thecrosssectionofthestandpipe
t:therecordedtimeforthewatercolumntoflowthoughthesample
h_Uandh_L:theupperandlowerwaterlevelinthestandpipemeasuredusingthesamewater
headreference

STANDARDS

BS13775:1990
ASTMD243504StandardTestMethodsforOneDimensionalConsolidationPropertiesof
SoilsUsingIncrementalLoadingLink
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REFERENCESEXTERNALLINKS
REFERENCES:
1. Head,K.H.,1982,Manualofsoillaboratorytesting,Vol2,PentechPress,ISBN072731305
3
EXTERNALLINKS:
1. GeneraldescriptionofthepermeabilitytestsMADHIRAR.MADHAV,IndianInstituteof
Technology
2. DeterminationofcoefficientofpermeabilityofsandbyconstantheadmethodDrAnandJ
Puppala,Lecturenotes,SOILMECHANICSLABORATORY,THEUNIVERSITYOFTEXASAT
ARLINGTON
3. Fallingheadpermeabilitytestmethod,DEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATION,STATEOF
CALIFORNIABUSINESS,TRANSPORTATIONANDHOUSINGAGENCY
4. Constantheadandfallingheadpermeabilitytests,BinodTiwari,SoilMechanicsLaboratory,
CaliforniaStateUniversity,Fullerton

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