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Para entender cmo podra formar un lmite tal sin ningn tipo de barreras
fsicas, considerar el segmento uniforme del depsito de la figura 1-1 en la
que un nmero de los pozos se perforan en un patrn de rejilla. Si todos los
pozos producen a la misma velocidad, a continuacin, para determinar el
rea de drenaje de cualquier pocillo en el patrn, se podra simplemente
dividir las distancias entre los pocillos en medio. Por supuesto, si cerramos
en uno bueno, entonces los pozos vecinos se extenderan sus cuencas
hidrogrficas para incluir el rea de drenaje del pozo cerrado. Por tanto, es
evidente que el tamao y la forma del lmite de drenaje de un pozo que
produce desde el depsito homognea depende de las posiciones relativas y
las tasas de produccin de los pozos neihboring. Sin embargo, siempre y
cuando nociones y las tasas de produccin de los pozos vecinos. Sin
embargo, siempre y cuando no se produzcan cambios en las tasas de
produccin, el lmite de drenaje de cada pocillo en el patrn es un lmite
no.flow, es decir, no hay flujo tiene lugar a travs del lmite. Ms adelante
vamos a presentar los mtodos para estimar el tamao del rea de drenaje
de un pozo, pero sin datos adicionales de su forma exacta no puede ser
determinada por pruebas de pozos solo.
Let us assume that we are dealing with a reservoir that can be divided into
large, horizontal segments such that each segment is uniform with respect
to porosity, permeability, thickness,water saturation, and rock
compressibility. Furthermore, each segment is saturated with water and
black oil of constant viscosity and compressibility , and only the oil is
mobile. Each segment is drained by one or more wells, and each well
penetrates and is open through the entire pay section of the reservoir. If all
these conditions are met, then the flow to each well will be radial, i.e., the
oil moves toward the well equally from all directions.
We will focus our attention our attention on one well which drains a circular,
80-acre area of the reservoir. This means that all the oil that the well
produces comes only from the 80-acre drainage area. In other words, the
outer boundary of the drainage is a closed, no.flow boundary. This does not
mean that the boundary is formed by any physical barriers such as sealing
faults or permeability pinchouts.
To perform a drawdown test on our well, we first close the well until the
pressure stabilizes throughout its drainage area. We will call the stabilized
pressure (P initial). We then lower a pressure rercorder to a level slightly
above the perforations, and open the well to produce at a constant rate. The
pressure recorder records the pressure Pi until the instant the well is opened
for production. Thereafter, it records the flowing bottom-hole pressure, Pwf,
versus time. From the recorded Pwf, it is possible to plot (delta P= Pi - Pwf )
versus time , as shown in figure 1-2.
Let us suppose that with a flow rate of 100B/D we obtain the data shown in
table 1-1 . The first 100 hours of these data are plotted on figure 1-2. The
figure is characterized by three segments. an almost vertical straight line
between 0 and 0.5 hours; a curve between 0.05 and 20 or 30 hrs; and a
sloping straight line thereafter. In fact, a quick check on the data of table 1-1
shows that beyond 40 hrs delta P is a linear function of time. For example,
between 40.