PERCEPTION CREATES

MISUNDERSTANDING

PRESENTED BY-
PRASAD KULKARNI.
 INTRODUCTION

It is simply the way of thinking.

Perception is the source of one’s knowledge
about the world.
Perception refers to manner in which an
individual experience the world.
 Perception means what ?
Definition:-
Perception is an active “Psychological process by
which individuals organize or interpret there sensory
impression in order to give meaning to their
environment. ”

Example.
 Types of perceptual errors:-
• Perceptual defense

• Stereotyping

• Hallo effect

• Projection

• Expectancy effect
• Perceptual defense –
Concept - people tend to perceive
things that are supportive, satisfying and
ignore the disturbing things.
-people can became
psychologically deaf or blind to
disturbing part of environment.
-people became highly resistant
to change.

Example
• Stereotyping –
Concept-this refers to the tendency to
perceive another person as belonging to
single class or category.
Also judging people on the basis of the
characteristics of the group to which they
belong is called stereotyping.
Example
• Hallo Effect –
Concept-person is perceived according on the basis
on one trait such as dependability, appearance etc.
Hallo effect has most profound impact and
implication on individual’s perception and
behavior in work settings.
Example
• Projection
Concept –projection involves
attributing one’s owns feelings to
someone else.
Projection is tendency
for the people to see their own trait in
any other people

Example-rumors.
• Expectancy effect
Concept- past experiences and
learning are most important to perceptual
process.
people often approach situations expecting
certain things to happen .
Example
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