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Raport la practica de
Msurri Electronice
A elaborat:
Elevul Gr.
Averificat:
Profesor
Chiinu 2014
Lucrare practic Nr. 1
Tema: Studierea voltmetrelor electronice numerice B7-16A i efectuarea msurilor.
1. Scopul lucrrii: De a nsui destinaia i parametrii de baz a voltmetrului universal B7-16A,
principiul general de funcionarei schema de structur. De msurat tensiunea n circuit de curent
continuu i rezistena electric activ. De apreciat rezultatele msurilor.
2. Aparate i accesorii:
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
a) Automat;
b) Manual;
c) De la distan de la o surs exterioara de impulsuri.
3.3. Limita erorii relative a voltmetrului la msurarea tensiunii continue si variabile:
a) Tensiunea c.c. cu timpul de transformare de 20 m/s i 100 m/s, limita de msurat
poate fi 1V; 100V; de 1 m/s limita de msurarepoate fi 1V; 100V; 1000V; discontinuitatea 4x10-3; 1x10-2;
1x10-1; limita acceptabil a erorii de baz n % [0.2, 0.1].
b) Rezistena activ cu timpul de transfer 10-100 m/s limita de msurare 1K, 100K, 1M,
10M.
Capacitatea de intrare a voltmetrului msurind tensiunea c. c. nu depete 100pF.
Rezistena de intrare a voltmetrului> 1M
4. Experiene:
Tabelul Nr.1
Mr.
10
11
12
R0,
U0,V
I0,mA
Ux,V
U, V
Um,V
U, V
U,%
Formule de calcul:
13
14
15
16
Tabelul Nr. 2:
Mrimea
R0,
Rnom,
10
Tolerana, %
Rx,
R,
R, %
a) Formule de calcul:
Concluzii:____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Lucrare practic
Nr. 2
Tema: Msurarea
tensiunilor
alternative de
form sinusoidal
cu diferite tipuri de
voltmetre
electronice
analogice
1. Scopullucr
rii:De nsuit
metodica de
calibrare a
voltmetrelor
valorii de
impuls i de a
cpta
deprinderi
practice la
msurarera
valorii efective
i de
amplitudine a
a tensiunii
alternative de
form
sinusoidal.
2. Aparatesi accesorii:
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
3. Datele tehnice de baz ale aparatelor
Voltmetrul B3-38 reprezint un voltmetru electronic analogic msurrii valorii efective a tensiunii
alternative de form sinusoidal n diapazonul de valori de la 0.01mV pn la 300 Vi n gamele de
frecven 20-45Hz -1- 3- 5 MHz
Schema de masurare:
G1 V1V2
V3
3118
U(V)
B338
B412
B339
t(m/s)
Tabelul 1
f0
0
dB
10d
B
20d
B
f0
=1000Hz
30
dB
40d
B
50d
B
60
dB
U1,V
U2,V
U3,V
Uef
Umef
U ,V ,
0dB
10d
B
20d
B
=5000Hz
30d
B
40
dB
50d
B
Formule de calcul:
U mef
U 1+U 2
=
;
2
2
ef = U 3
2
U
U =Uef Umef
U=
Uef Umef
100 ;
Umef
60d
B
U=
U
100 .
Umef
Concluzie:___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_________
1. Aparate i accesorii:
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
1.5.
1.6.
1.7.
1.8.
Eroarea n
curent continuu
0.1 1
2% +0.02
Eroarea n current
Tensiunea la
Tensiunea la
alternativ la
contactele
contactele
1000Hz
obiectului msurat obiectului msurat
n c.c., V
n c.a., V
-
10
1 10
2%
20%
10
10 100
1%
10%
10
100 1000
1%
10%
20
1000 10000
1%
20%
20
10000 100000
2%
20
100000 1000000
5%
250
1000000 10000000
5%
250
Diapazonul de
frecven, Hz
1 10 H
100 1000
(2 +0.009/L mH)
25
10 100 H
100 1000
(1 +0.005/L mH)
25
100 1000 H
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
1 10 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
20 200
10 100 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
20 200
100 1000 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
20 200
1 10 H
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
10 110 H
100 1000
1 100 pF
100 1000
(2 +0.00006/C F)
100 1000 pF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
1 10 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.01
0.02 1
10 100 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
100 1000 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
1 10 F
[100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
10 100 F
;][100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.01 0.1
100 1100 F
100 1000
Tabela Nr. 1
Valoarea
R0,
Rnom,
10
Tolerana
%
Rx,
R, 0
R,%
Formule de calcul:
R
R=R x R nom ; R=R x R 0 ; R=
100 ; R=( R /R nom)100
%
R0
R0,
Rnom,
Tolerana
%
Rx,
R,
R,%
10
Formule de calcul:
R
100 ; R=(R /R nom)100
R0
C0,F
Cnom,F
10
Tolerana
%
Cx,F
C, F
R,%
Formule de calcul:
C=C x C nom ; C=C x C0 ; C=
C
100 ; C =( C /C nom )100
C0
L0,mH
Tolerana %
0.5
0.5
0.5
Formule de
calcul:
0.5
Lx,mH
L,mH
L,%
L=L x L0 ; L=
L
100
L0
Cnom,F
56
Tolerana
%
Cx,F
2
15
10
54.1 15.6
10
220
1390
1000
330
130
750
680
220
10
10
10
20
10
230
1145
1042
360
120
740
555
230
C, F
-1.9
0.6
10
-245
42
30
-10
-10
-25
10
R,%
-3.3
4.5
-17.6
4.2
9.09
-7.6
-1.3
-3.6
4.5
Formule de calcul:
C=C x C nom ; C=( C /Cnom )100
Concluzii:_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________
2. Aparate i accesorii:
2.1. Multimetru electronic digital 4800.
2.2. Prospectul tehnic a multimetrului electronic digital 4800.
2.3. Sursa de tensiune continu reglabil A.
2.4. Generator de semnale sinusoidale de frecven joas 3-111.
2.5. Voltmetrul electronic universal B7-16A.
2.6. Magazin de capaciti P513.
2.7. Bobin etalon P547.
2.8. Set de condensatoare.
2.9. Set de bobine de inductan.
2.10. Conductoare de legtur.
3. Experiene:
Formule de calcul:
I=
U0
I +I
I
; I m= 0 ; 1.1 . I =I x I m ; I = 100 ;
R0
2
Im
Tabelul 1:
1
R0,
I0, mA
U0, V
Ix, mA
I, mA
Im, mA
I,
mA
I, %
3.1. Msurarea
Formule de calcul:
U=I 0R 0 ; U m=
U +U x
U U m
; U=U x U m ; U = x
100;
2
Um
2
Tabelul 2:
4
U0, V
R0,
I0, mA
Ux, V
U, V
Um, V
U, V
U, %
Formule de calcul:
R
100 ;
R0
Tabelul 3:
1
R0,
Rnom,
Toler.%
Rx,
R,
R, %
Formule de calcul:
C=C x C 0 ; C=C x C nom ; C=
C
100 ;
C0
Tabelul 4:
C0, F
Cnom, F
10
Toler. %
Cx, F
C, F
C, %
Formule de calcul:
L=L0 Lx ; L=
L
100;
L0
Tabelul 5:
L0, mH
Lx, mH
L,mH
L, %
Formule de calcul:
f =f x f 0 ; T =T x T 0 ; T 0=
1
f
T
; f = 100; T = 100 ;
f0
f0
T0
Tabelul6:
f0, Hz
fx, Hz
Tx, ms
T0, ms
f, %
T, %
N =N x N 0 ; N 0=f 0t ; N=
N
100 ;
N0
Tabelul 7:
f0, Hz
N0, imp
Nx, imp
T, s
N, %
Concluzie_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Expriene:
Formule de calcul:
T x =K x X [ms ]; U m=K y Y [V ]; f =f x f 0 ; f =
f
1
1
100 ; T 0 = ; fx= ;
f0
f0
Tx
Tabelul 1
f0, Hz
Ka, dB
Kx,ms/cm
Ky,
mV/cm
X, cm
Y, cm
Tx, ms
Um, mV
T0, ms
fx, Hz
f,%
Formulele de calcul:
f xj =
f
f
A A min
1
1
; f x = ; f xj=f xj f 0 ; f x =f x f 0 ; f j= xj 100 ; f i = x 100; K m= max
100 ;
T xj
T xi
f0j
f 0
A max + A min
1
f0, MHz
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
0.22
0.24
f0j, kHz
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Tx, s
10
5.5
4.4
4.5
Txj, ms
0.66
0.5
0.39
0.32
0.3
0.23
Amin, cm
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.4
Amax, cm
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
fx, MHz
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.22
0.22
0.25
fxj, kHz
0.5
1.5
2.56
3.12
3.33
4.34
f,%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.1
0.00
0.04
fj,%
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.998
0.998
0.999
0.998
Km, %
18.0
16.6
16.6
15.7
15.7
14.2
13.2
14.2
Tabelul 2:
Formule de calcul:
f=
n
t
Tabelul 3:
1
fx, Hz
fy, Hz
500
1000
1500
500
500
500
1000
500
1500
2000
2500
5000
t, s
f,Hz
7.4
5.4
3.8
10.1
24.9
4.3
Figura
0.4
0.92
1.3
0.49
0.24
0.69
K m=(
A max A min
+ A min )100 ;
A max
Tabelul 4:
Fi, MHz
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
fxj, Hz
1000
500
2000
1500
2000
3000
5000
fyj, Hz
500
1000
2000
3000
1000
1000
2500
Amin, cm
1.5
1.5
1.5
Amax, cm
200
250
250
200
200
200
150
Km
,%
1.5
Figura
4. Concluzii:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
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