PRESENTATION

ON
EXTERNAL FINISHES

IPE WOOD

Submitted By:-

SONAL SHARMA
Aayojan School Of Architecture
Jaipur

CONTENTS
PAGE NO.

TOPICS

S.NO

1.

INTRODUCTION

2.

NEED

1-2

3.

SCOPE OF WORK

4.

TECHNICAL DATA-PROPERTIES

5.

COMPARISON

5-7

6.

USES

8-9

7.

DISADVANTAGES

10

8.

COST

11

9.

CASE STUDIES

12-16

CONCLUSION

17-18

10
.

EXTERNAL FINISHES IPE WOOD

INTRODUCTION
.
EXTERIOR
FINISHES BASICALLY PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING TWO FUNCTIONS:

THEY GIVE A PROTECTIVE COATING TO THE SURFACE WHICH PRESERVES AND PROTECTS THE
MATERIALS USED IN BUILDING FROM WEATHER EFFECTS SUCH AS RAIN WATER, HEAT , FROST ETC.
THEY PROVIDE DECORATIVE FINISHES OR EFFECTS WHICH ADD TO THE APPEARANCE OF MATERIAL
SURFACES AND BUILDING AS A WHOLE.

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INTRODUCTION- IPE WOOD

AN INCREDIBLY DURABLE BRAZILIAN HARDWOOD RATED BY THE US FOREST LAB.
THIS AIR DRIED HARDWOOD (16-20%) IS PERFECT FOR EXTERNAL FINISHES.
ITS DENSE CELL STRUCTURE SERVES AS A NATURAL DETERRENT TO INSECTS,
DECAY, AND MOLDS.
BECAUSE OF THIS NATURAL RESILIENCE IPE IS OFTEN THE FIRST CHOICE FOR
EXTERNAL FINISHES BECAUSE OF ITS ALMOST UNPARALLELED ABILITY TO STAND UP
TO THE ELEMENTS.
MORE THAN JUST DURABLE, IPE IS ALSO VERY PLEASING TO THE EYE.
ITS HEARTWOOD IS LIGHT TO DARK OLIVE BROWN WITH CONTRASTING
YELLOWISH-GREY OR GREY BROWN TONES .
IT IS AVAILABLE IN A VARIETY OF STANDARD DIMENSIONAL LUMBER SIZES AND
CAN BE USED FOR ENTIRE PROJECTS.
IT IS EASILY CUT WITH STANDARD CARBIDE TIPPED BLADES BUT REQUIRES PREDRILLING AND SCREWING WITH STAINLESS STEEL SCREWS
HIDDEN FASTENING SYSTEMS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.

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NEED
ONE OF THE STRONGEST WOODS IN THE WORLD
ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

LOW MAINTENANCE
UP TO A CLASS A FIRE RATING FOR FLAME SPREAD

LARGE SELECTION OF STOCK SIZES

UP TO 20 FEET LONG
UP TO 6X6 TIMBERS
CUSTOMIZED MILL TO DIMENSIONS

TERMITE, MOLD & FUNGI RESISTANT

COMPARABLY PRICED WITH COMPOSITE

EXTERNAL FINISHES CHOICES

NO KNOTS

AVAILABLE WITH HIDDEN FASTENING SYSTEM

HIGH SCRATCH & SLIP RESISTANCE

CAN OUTLAST COMPOSITE MATERIAL
TWICE AS STRONG AS OAK
TIME PROVEN ON MANY COMMERCIAL PROJECTS
BETTER THAN TEAK

GREAT FOR EXTERNAL FINISHES

WORLDWIDE SHIPPING IS AVAILABLE

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SCOPE OF WORK
IP IS AN EXTREMELY DENSE WOOD WITH EXCEPTIONAL DURABILITY AND PERFORMANCE.,WHEN
INSTALLED PROPERLY IP WILL PROVIDE A LIFETIME OF BEAUTY AND SERVICE.

1. HANDLING AND STORAGE - IP IS SUPPLIED PARTIALLY AIR DRIED AND IS FOR OUTDOOR USE. IT SHOULD
BE STORED OUT OF DIRECT SUNLIGHT AND BE ALLOWED TO ACCLIMATE TO THE INSTALLATION
ENVIRONMENT.
2. CUTTING AND DRILLING - DUE TO THE DENSITY OF IP, PREMIUM CARBIDE TIPPED BLADES AND HIGH
QUALITY DRILLS ARE NECESSARY TO MAKE SMOOTH CUTS. PRE-DRILL AND COUNTER SINK WHEN USING
SCREWS.
3. END SEALING - SEAL ALL ENDS AFTER CUTTING WITH LATEX BASED END SEALER TO REDUCE END
CHECKING.

4. FASTENING - STAINLESS STEEL FASTENERS WILL PROVIDE SUPERIOR SERVICE LIFE AND ELIMINATE
CHEMICAL REACTION OR STAINING OF THE IP. COATED OR GALVANIZED FASTENERS CAN BE USED.
HOWEVER, SHORTER LIFE AND STAINING OF THE WOOD MAY OCCUR.
A. SCREWS - TRADITIONALLY CONSIDERED A SUPERIOR METHOD OF FASTENING, WILL REQUIRE PREDRILLING AND COUNTER SINKING.
B. HIDDEN FASTENERS - HELP TO STREAMLINE LABOR VERSUS FACE SCREWING AND PROVIDES A
SCREWLESS SURFACE. SOME HIDDEN FASTENER SYSTEMS PROVIDE AUTOMATIC SPACING.
5. FINISH - APPLYING A FINISH TO IP IS NOT REQUIRED, BUT IS RECOMMENDED TO MINIMIZE FADING DUE TO
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT EXPOSURE. A penetrating, pigmented, UV inhibiting sealer is recommended to maintain
Ips rich natural color.

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TECHNICAL DATA- PROPERTIES

BOTANICAL NAME: TABEBUIA SPP. (LAPACHO GROUP)
COMMON NAME: IPE

OTHER COMMON NAMES: BRAZILIAN WALNUT, AMAPA, CORTEZ, GUAYACAN POLVILLO, FLOR AMARILLO, GREENHEART,
MADERA NEGRA, TAHUARI, LAPACHO NEGRO
COMMON TRADE NAMES: PAU LOPE, DIAMOND DECKING, IRONWOOD, AND MANY OTHERS.
DISTRIBUTION: THROUGHOUT THE CONTINENTAL TROPICAL AMERICA AND SOME OF THE LESSER ANTILLES. THE TREE
GROWS ON A VARIETY OF SITES FROM RIDGE TOPS TO RIVERBANKS AND MARSH FOREST. IPE IS RESPONSIBLE HARVESTED
FROM MANAGED FOREST. IPE IS AS WIDESPREAD IN TROPICAL AMERICA AS YELLOW PINE IS IN THE UNITED STATES.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: DARK BROWN WALNUT COLOR. GIVES A GREEN DUST WHEN CUT. THE TEXTURE IS FINE TO
MEDIUM. THE TREE MAY GROW TO 150 FEET IN HEIGHT WITH TRUNK DIAMETERS OF 6 FT. FREQUENTLY TO HEIGHTS OF
100 FT AN DIAMETERS OF 2 TO 3 FT. BOLES ARE CLEAR TO 60 FT AND MORE.
WEIGHT: BASIC SPECIFIC GRAVITY (OVENDRY WEIGHT/GREEN VOLUME) 0.85 TO 0.97, AIR DRY DENSITY 66 TO 75 POUNDS
PER CUBIC FOOT. A 3/4" THICK FINISH MATERIAL WEIGHTS APROX 4.5 POUNDS PER SQUARE FOOT.
MOISTURE CONTENT : AIR DRIED TO APROX 12% FOR USE ON EXTERIOR PROJECTS. KILN DRIED IS NOT USED FOR
EXTERIOR AS IT WILL EXPAND. AIR DRIED INSIDE WILL SHRINK.)
BENDING STRENGTH: 22,560 PSI

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MAX. CRUSHING STRENGTH: 10,350 PSI

SIDE HARDNESS: 3,060 LB FOR GREEN MATERIAL AND 3,680 LB AT 12" MOISTURE CONTENT.
FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY TOUGHNESS AVERAGE FOR GREEN AND DRY MATERIAL= 404 IN.-LB (5/8" SPECIMEN.)
DRYING AND SHRINKAGE (GREEN TO OVENDRY): RADIAL 6.6%, TANGENTIAL 8.0%, VOLUMETRIC 13.2%. MOVEMENT AFTER
MANUFACTURE IS RATED AS SMALL. TYPICAL MOVEMENT FOR A AIR DRIED DECKING BOARD 6" WIDE BOARD IS 1/16" IN
BETWEEN SEASONS.
WORKING POPERTIES: HAS A BLUNTING EFFECT ON CUTTERS, USE OF CARBIDE TIPPED SAW BLADES IS NECESSARY.
ROUTS NICELY. MUST BE PREDRILLED FOR FASTENING.
DURABILITY: HEARTWOOD IS VERY RESISTANT TO ATTACK BY DECAY FUNGI, MOD, AND TERMITES. LAST 40+ YEARS LEFT
UNTREATED, UP TO 100 YEARS WITH DECK OIL APPLIED TO SURFACE. U.S. FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY - CLASS ( VERY
DURABLE - 25 YEARS ) THIS IS THE HIGHEST RATING AVAILABLE FROM THE FOREST LABORATORY.
TERMITE RESISTANCE - U.S. NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - ( 15 YEARS IN GROUND WITHOUT ATTACK BY TERMITES )
HIGHEST RATING.
FIRE RESISTANCE - ASTM-E84 TESTED TO NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION CODE, CLASS A, UNIFORM BUILDING CODE, CLASS
1; HIGHEST RATING.
HARDNESS - ASTM-D143 TESTED; APPROXIMATELY SEVEN TIMES HARDER THAN CEDAR, OUR IPE STANDS UP TO THE
HARSHEST CONDITIONS IMAGINABLE.
SLIP RESISTANCE - ASTM-C1028-89 TESTED; IPE DECKING EXCEEDS THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT
REQUIREMENTS FOR STATIC COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION IN A WET ENVIRONMENT

STRENGTH - ASTM-D143 TESTED; THREE TIMES STRONGER THAN CEDAR, OUR IPE EXCEEDS ALL EXISTING CODE
REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTERIOR CONSTRUCTIONS.

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STIFFNESS : 3,140 1000 PSI

DENSITY (KG/M3): 1,050
COLOUR: IPE HEARTWOOD CONTAINS SHADES OF BLACK AND GREENISH-BROWN WITH SOME STRIPING. THE SAPWOOD CAN BE
WHITE OR YELLOW TONED.

PHOTOSENSITIVITY: IPE'S COLORATION IS NOT GREATLY AFFECTED BY LIGHT EXPOSURE.

TANGENTIAL SHRINKAGE: 8.0 %

RADIAL SHRINKAGE: 6.6 %

FAMILY: BIGNONIACEAE
TREE CHARACTERISTICS: THE IPE TREE CAN GROW TO 140 TO 150 FEET HEIGH WHILE THE DIAMETER OF ITS TRUNK CAN
MEASURE UP TO 6 FEET. THE AVERAGE HEIGHT AND DIAMETER FOR THE IPE TREE IS 100 FEET AND 2 TO 3 FEET, RESPECTIVELY.

TEXTURE: FINE TO MEDIUM

GRAIN: STRAIGHT TO VERY IRREGULAR
DURABILITY RATING: HIGHLY RESISTANT TO FUNGUS AND TERMITES.
DRYING CHARACTERISTICS: AIR DRIES RAPIDLY, EXHIBITING ONLY MINOR WARPING AND CHECKING.
WORKING CHARACTERISTICS: IPE IS RATED AS MODERATELY DIFFICULT TO WORK WITH, AS IT BLUNTS CUTTING EDGES. IT
FINISHES SMOOTHLY WITH THE EXCEPTION OF ROEY PORTIONS IN THE WOOD.

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COMPARISON

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COMPARISON

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USES
EXTERIOR DECKING, BENCHES, FURNITURE, TRUCK AND FISHING VESSEL FLOORING, FINE INTERIOR CABINETRY
AND FLOORING, ARCHERY BOWS, HEAVY MARINE DOCK CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATIONS: RAILROAD CROSSTIES, HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, DECORATIVE VENEERS, TOOL HANDLES, TURNERY,
INDUSTRIAL FLOORING, FLOORING, DECKING, FURNITURE.

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DISADVANTAGES
IPE IS DIFFICULT TO DRILL, SAW, AND NAIL WITH STANDARD STEEL TOOLS.
EXPECT DULL BLADES AND BLUNT EDGES ON STANDARD TOOLS A WOODWORKERS NIGHTMARE.

PAINTERS WONT HAVE MUCH LUCK EITHER BECAUSE OF IPES RESISTANT-TO-NEARLY-EVERYTHING PROPERTIES.
ANOTHER DISADVANTAGE OF IPE RESULTS FROM COMMERCIAL DEMAND.
ILLEGAL IPE HARVESTING AND UNAUTHORIZED IPE DISTRIBUTION LEADS TO UNSUSTAINABLE FORESTRY AND
SHODDY BUSINESS PRACTICES FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES.

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COSTS

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CASE STUDY

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RESIDENCE AT VAISHALI

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RESIDENCE AT AADARSH NAGAR

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RESIDENCE AT TONK ROAD

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RESIDENCE AT SHYAM NAGAR

APARTMENT AT SIRSI ROAD

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CONCLUSION
WHEN STACKED UP AGAINST OTHER WOODS THERE REALLY IS NO COMPARISON.

IPE HAS ALL NATURAL QUALITIES THAT MAKE IT EXCEL IN ANY CLIMATE.
IPE IS A VERY STRONG MATERIAL.
THE JOIST SPACING SHOWN IS VERY CONSERVATIVE AND DESIGNED TO PASS MOST AREA BUILDING
CODES AND TO HAVE NEARLY ZERO DEFLECTION UNDER STANDARD LOADS.
THE JOIST SPACING SHOWN IS ALSO VALID IF THE FINISH IS LAID IN A DIAGONAL PATERN TO THE JOIST.
THE SPANS SHOWN ARE TYPICALLY USED EVEN WITH HEAVY LOADS.
WHEN COMPARED TO OTHER MATERIALS SUCH AS REDWOOD, CEDAR, OR COPPER CHROMIUM ARSENATE
PRESSURE TREATED MATERIALS, IPE GIVES LONGER LIFE (3-5 TIMES THE LIFE SPAN), STRONGER
RESISTANCE TO FIRE, WEATHER, INSECTS AND MOVEMENT AND IS COMPETITIVELY PRICED WITH HIGH
GRADES OF CEDAR AND REDWOOD.

IF COMPARED THE ONE TIME COST OF IPE TO THE 3-5 TIMES REPLACED OTHER MATERIALS OVER THE
LIFE SPAN OF IPE, THE VALUE OF IPE BECOMES VERY CLEAR.
IT IS THE BEST TIMBER PRODUCT FOR EXTERIOR USAGE, PERIOD!

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CONCLUSION-IN GENERAL
THE COLOUR, MATERIALS AND TEXTURE OF EXTERNAL WALLS SHALL REFLECT THE PROPOSED
USE AND FUNCTIONALITY OF THE PROJECT.
IT SHOULD BE SELECTED ON A LIFE-CYCLE COST BASIS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE LONG
TERM MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF THE WALL AND ITS FINISHES OVER TWENTY (20)
YEARS AS WELL AS THE INITIAL COST OF CONSTRUCTION.

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