10.2 Turbomachinery Analysis 509 4 UL RERB Bw a2 02 o40sos 0810 | 20 3.0 40 Dimensionless pectic speed, W, ig. 10.10 Typical geometric proportions of commercial hydraulic turbines as they vary with dimensionless speciic speed [5 109) ab 4b 4 Impusse Francis ‘iow yoL 4 boii L L oo 2 8 TT ep 15 cmp tH Fig. 10.11 Average efficiencies of commercial hydraulic turbines as they vary with specific speed [6 7 consanison OF SPECIFIC SPEED DEFINITIONS [At the best efficiency point, a centrifugal pump. with impeller diameter D = 8in., produces H = 21.9 ft at Q = 300 gpm with N= 1170 rpm. Compute the coresponding speci speeds using: (a) US. customary units, (b) Stunts (as, m's, m'/2), and (e) European units (revis, m'ls, mis), Develop conversion factors to relate the specific speeds Specie spee, Given: Centrifugal pump at best efficiency px gpm, and N = 1170 rpm, Find: (a) The specific speed in U.S. customary units, (b) The specific speed in SI units (©) The specific speed in European units. (@) Appropriate conversion factors to relate the specific speeds. Solution: Governing equations: N, (BEP). Assume the pump characteristics are H = 21.9 ft, = 300 worn Nowe Sar and Ns = From the given information, the specific speed in U.S. customary units is — aye Ns, = 1170 rpm x (300)'? gpm!!? x510 chapter 10 Fluid Machinery Convert information to SI rad |. min we 0S x25 x 23 rad/s Bry * (0.305) = 0.0190 ms 6.68 m ‘The energy per unit mass is 9815 X6.68 m= 65.5 mip ‘The dimensionless specific speed is yam, ey . (St Ca y,<123% x (00190) Convert the operating speed to hen roy ymin Hes 110i * Ws * Tev 195 He Finally, the specific speed in European units is . yam (apt NEw) (Eu) = 195 Hex (00190) x ae aap =O? ‘To relate the specific speeds, form ratios: Gita aire Fetter Phos S ituid onc 10.3 Pumps, Fans, and Blowers ‘We will now look at the various types of fluid machines in greater detail. We will begin our discussion with rotating machines that perform work on an incompressible fluid, ‘namely pumps, fans and blowers. Application of Euler Turbomachine Equation to Centrifugal Pumps ‘As demonstrated in Example 10.1, the treatment from Section 10.2 may be applied directly to the analysis of centrifugal machines. Figure 10.7 in Section 10.2 represents