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Irrigation
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing
of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas and
during periods of inadequate rainfall.

Additionally, irrigation also has a few other uses in crop production, which include protecting plants
against frost, suppressing weed growing in grain fields and helping in preventing soil consolidation..
Aspects of particular interest include physiology of plant growth and yield response to water status;
physical and chemical aspects of water status and movement in the plant-soil-atmosphere system;
salinity and alkalinity control by soil and water management; agricultural drainage, measurement and
modification of crop and control of water in plant, soil and atmosphere; water requirements in irrigation
practice; irrigation scheduling and ecological aspects of irrigated agriculture.

Necessity of Irrigation:
1. Irrigation maintains moisture in the soil. Moisture is necessary for the germination of seeds.
Seeds do not grow in dry soil. That is why irrigation is done before tilling.
2. Irrigation is essential for the growth of the roots of the crop plants. Roots of the plants do not
grow well in dry soil.
3. Irrigation is necessary for the absorption of mineral nutrients by the plants from the soil.
Thus, irrigation is essential for the general growth of the plants.
4. Water supplies two essential elements hydrogen and oxygen to the crop.
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