McRae Family History

(~1700-current day)
Josh McRae

Starting in Scotland
On June 10, 1719 a man named Finlay MacRae died in the Scottish Highlands in the
Battle of Glen Shiel. This military struggle pitted the British government against an army of
Spaniards and Jacobites in what would be the final fight between the British government and
foreign troops within the borders of the Great Britain. The government ended up winning,
largely due to their conquering of Eilean Donan Castle one month before. Around the end of the
battle they blew up the castle from the inside, and it was left in ruins for the next 200 years.
Finlay MacRaes ancestors had been living in Eilean Donan since the early 1500s as the castle
constables. They were the men who upheld the laws of the Mackenzies, the ruling clan of the
region. Finlays story had come to an end after 59 years of the Scots life. Chance would have it
that his 24 year old son, Farquhar, would survive him and go on to live for another 56 years. Ten
generations later I was born, and the McRae familys circumstances had been permanently
changed by almost 300 years of unbelievable progress.
The British terminated what had been a relatively successful and stable 200 years of my
ancestors living in that Scottish castle, ending an established hierarchy and partnership among
two clans. The MacRaes originated from Clunes, Ireland (c. 1300) but dispersed to three
different regions after a bloody altercation with the feared and influential Frasers of Lovat. We
will be following the brother who moved to the mountainous region Kintail, Scotland. This area
lies in the Northwest Highlands and consists of Loch Duich, Loch Cluanie, and the mountains
north of Glen Shiel (altogether 5 mountains, about 30 square miles). It was highly fortuitous that
the clan was distantly related to the Mackenzie clan, for it was they who inhabited Kintail and
Eilean Donan Castle, a stronghold of the region. The MacRaes were accepted with open arms by
the Mackenzies because they were of familial blood and could therefore be trusted. This led to

the aforementioned partnership between the families and a mutually beneficial relationship
ensued for two centuries.

Figure 1. Eilean Donan Castle in the Kintail region of Scotland

Figure 2. The Five Sisters mountains of Kintail

For the purposes of this project, I will be focusing only on the paternal lineage of the
MacRaes (McRaes), so siblings will rarely be mentioned unless I have found something
noteworthy about them.
Finlay MacRae was still alive in 1700, so that is where we will stop first on this
exploration of the McRae genealogy. Finlay was married to Janet Lachlen and their son was
Farquhar (b. 1695). Around this time the MacRaes were employed as the constables of the
Mackenzies and lived quite comfortably (they were in a castle, after all). There were many
common people who lived outside of Eilean Donan Castle, but my ancestors had the privilege of
enjoying its safety of protection from the elements and invaders. The position of constable did
involve military action, so many men fought in battles to protect the area. One notable soldier
was Duncan MacRae, who had killed scores of his enemies before finally losing his life in the
Battle of Sheriffmuir during the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715 (he added nearly ten more kills to his
ledger that day). His famous claymore sword was displayed in the Tower of London for many
years, labeled as the Great Highlanders Sword.
These battle-tested men lived comfortably when not fighting and were friends to the
powerful Mackenzies. It was still a time when education was rare, the elite and powerful held
most of the power, human rights were basically whatever you could secure for yourself, and
access to culture (for the men), meant hunting animals and killing other men who threatened
the safety of Kintail, especially the city of Cromarty. You could find some music, usually with
bagpipes, being played around this time. The lifespan of the MacRaes around this time was quite
long compared to the world average of 35-40 years. They somehow managed to live long lives
while fighting for the Mackenzies. For the three generations of the paternal lineage that lived
around the year 1700: John lived to be 59, his son Finlay to 69, and his son Farquhar to 80. Of

the three, Finlays birth was the closest to 1700, and he had two sisters, Flora (b. 1699) and
Isabel (b. 1701). Neither of them has a recorded year of death, so it is difficult to specify the
MacRae female lifespan around 1700.
The clan subscribed to Jacobitism, meaning they supported the restoration of the Roman
Catholic Stuart King James II of England (known as King James VII in Scotland) as well as the
restoration of his heirs to the reign of Scotland, Ireland, and England. The MacRaes,
contradictorily, were Presbyterians. Roman Catholicism in England was overwhelming to many
people, and it alienated a huge majority of the population. This makes it seem like the MacRaes
would have been Roman Catholics, because it was very rare to find someone of a different
religious affiliation who still supported the English crown. Their religious preference did not
match with their political preferences, which did not happen very often because church and state
were still very much the same entity. It is interesting to see that the Jacobites of the Scottish
Highlands had more than religious affiliation on their minds. King James II of England (VII of
Scotland) had supported the Scottish clans during the Commission for Pacifying the Highlands,
which was a radically different treatment than his predecessors had given to the Scots. The
militarized Highlanders owed a debt to the Roman Catholic Stuarts for helping bring peace to the
region.
In 1682, James proposed the Commission, which helped stabilize the Highland clans
hierarchy and prevent meaningless violence from breaking out among them. In addition, the
plan countered the Campbell clans insatiability for more territory, easing the minds of many
other clans, including the MacRaes. The beneficence of James was the pivotal reason why the
Highland clans supported his restoration and fought vigorously during the Glorious Revolution
(1688) to maintain his rule over the land in the face of an invasion by William of Orange. They

failed in the end, and the Bill of Rights of 1689 was signed, ending the era of absolute monarchs
in Britain. From this distant post, it seems that the MacRaes picked the wrong side of the war. If
they had their way, rulers with absolute power might still exist in Britain! At the very least they
would have existed for a few more years, which would have had an interesting effect on the
American Revolution in the late 1700s.

Figure 3. A sword similar to the one wielded by

Duncan MacRae in the Battle of Sheriffmuir

Figure 4. A map of the territories of the Scottish clans.

Note the Mackenzie clans land in the northwest of Scotland
(dark green is the Highlands, light green is the Lowlands)

The next stop for the MacRaes was in the Americas around the year 1800. After Eilean
Donan Castle was leveled by the British in 1719, Finlays son Farquhar ambled around the
Highlands for a few years, and had a son named after Duncan MacRae, a family legend. The
original Duncans prowess in battle and the respect he gained from the people probably are the
reasons Farquhar gave his son the same name. The non-legendary Duncan (b. 1743) still

managed to be responsible for a huge moment for the MacRaes. Not only was he the first to be
given the new spelling of our surname (McRae), he was the one responsible for immigrating to
the Americas, arriving in the year 1775 with his wife Margaret (b. 1747) and their 11 year old
son Alexander (b. 1764). Duncan and Margaret would go on to have 10 more children all in the
newly independent United States, for all ten of them were born after the Declaration of
Independence. Of particular interest is that these ten additional children were all born at least 11
years after Duncan, Margaret gave birth for the last time in 1786 for the last time at the age of
39, and only one of the 11 was a girl! One of their sons was named Washington, most likely
after the highly respected American general and president, George Washington. I imagine it
would have taken a little more effort to get a family of 13 rather than 3 across the Atlantic Ocean.
Margaret lived for another 31 years and eventually made her way to Canada with her husband
Duncan where they both died in the 1820s.
Their oldest son Alexander wed Mary (b. 1765) in 1782 and had four children. At this
point in my familys history, I made a single adjustment from the paternal lineage to account for
a lack of historical record. I traced the line through Alexanders and Marys daughter Mary (b.
1783), who actually married back into to McRae family. She married Christopher McRae (b.
1775) in Fayetteville, North Carolina. His bloodline probably went back to one of the other two
MacRae brothers who left Ireland after the dispute with the Frasers of Lovat. As a result, two
thirds of the MacRaes were reunited. This marriage produced a line that can be easily traced to
now, and it is the one that I used for the remainder of our genealogy.
Around the year 1800, Alexander and Mary were living in South Carolina (there was a
large collection of McRaes in the Carolinas) with their three daughters. Mary (b. 1783) lived
until she was 82, but her younger sister Catherine (b. 1796) only lived until 1838, three years

after her mother died at the age of 70. Their son, Duncan (b. 1782) lived for 72 years. The
McRaes were still living long lives compared to the world average of 45-50 years. Alexander
actually died below this range in 1800 in South Carolina at the age of 36 when his youngest
daughter, Catherine, was only 4 years old. He left behind a single mother with 4 children who all
moved to Indiana. This did not occur until after 1825, when their son-in-law Christopher died in
North Carolina and his widowed wife moved west with her mother and 3 siblings. The path
from North Carolina to Indiana was called the Wilderness Road and crossed the Appalachian
Mountains through Cumberland Gap. This trail had been blazed a few years earlier in 1775 by
the explorer Daniel Boone. The same year the McRaes arrived in the Americas, their future route
to Indiana was being laid down! After the mountains, the route then crossed through Kentucky, 8
early settlements, and then bent north to Louisville, near where the McRaes finally stopped in
Harrison County. Once in Indiana, most of the McRaes remained there for the next 200 years.
The previously mentioned Christopher McRae was a soldier in the war of 1812, and his
father-in-law, Alexander, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. Its interesting to see that the
McRaes continued the tradition of military employment after leaving Scotland, but they chose
the good side this time. Rather than fighting to maintain the totalitarian and absolute power of
James II of England during the Glorious Revolution, they were instead choosing to fight for the
independence of the United States. Remember, Alexander was born in Scotland and lived there
for the first 11 years of his life. Why would he choose to fight for a country in which he was not
born, and was only a teenager at the time of the conflict? It is very possible that the British
government alienated the MacRaes back in 1719 when they blew up Eilean Donan Castle,
destroying the place that had been a great home for the family for 200 years. That incident was
still relatively recent, occurring only 45 years before Alexanders birth. It pushed his grandfather

Farquhar out of Kintail and was the reason his father, Duncan, left for a new land. Why else
would a young man fight against one of the strongest militaries in the world to protect a place he
had been living in for only a handful of years? The American Revolution was already underway
when the McRaes arrived in 1775 and would go on for another 8 years. Alexander therefore
fought in the war when he was between the ages of 11 and 19. His son-in-law Christopher
continued the tradition by fighting in the War of 1812 at the age of 37.
On a side-note, something unique was happening in North Carolina about the same time
which involved the McRaes and many other Highland Scots. Gabriel Johnson was the royal
governor of the North Carolina colony and had been encouraging Highlanders to settle there
since 1739. He provided tax exemptions, promised the presence of a strong Scottish community,
and was a native Scotsman himself. It also helped that the British government was viewed very
negatively by many of the native inhabitants of the Highlands. Not only were they responsible
for a military crusade in the Scots homeland, but a British program designed to increase sheepraising land in Scotland was forcing many people to give up their land. The Americas promised
a land where property rights would be protected and respected. Most McRaes arrived through
Wilmington, North Carolina, and spread throughout the colony from there. If they didnt
become soldiers like Christopher and Alexander McRae, many raised livestock, farmed, or
worked in the naval stores industry, collecting and refining the materials necessary to maintain
the wooden ships of the time period.
The 1790 US Census shows 4 Duncan McRaes living in Richmond County, North
Carolina as well as 21 other McRaes who were heads of their households. Alexander McRae
also shows up on this list, and he is the only one with that name, so it is definitely him. This list
does not include the names of women or children, but does show that these 25 adult, male

McRaes had many family members with them. There were hundreds of men on the list who
owned slaves, but no single McRae has that mark on their ledger. This is a proud thing to look
back on, but most likely means that our family was not rich enough to own slaves. Human rights
had yet to be extended to all races, but the McRaes chose not to (or couldnt) exploit this fact.
Once settled near the Cape Fear River, many Highland Scots intermarried with other
Lowland Scot settlers. This is probably how Mary McRae and Christopher McRae met around
the year 1800. The area around what would become Fayetteville was settled by the people from
Argyllshire, Scotland, which was the destination of one of the other three MacRae brothers who
left Ireland. Christophers ancestor was probably that second brother. In 1783, the town of
Fayetteville finally formed from the merging of two local villages. This is where many of the
Highland Scots lived for a few years, and probably was home to a handful of McRaes. It was a
center of Gaelic language, which was still spoken by the immigrants until after the American
Civil War. Since the McRaes were still primarily speaking Gaelic, this would have inhibited
their ability to intermingle with other settlers. They would have settled into groups, which was
the case in the Carolinas, Quebec, and settlements in the Midwest, like Indiana. There was also a
strong market for traditional Scottish food, like haggis. This lasting tradition of Scottish heritage
is still present in North Carolina, even today. In 2009, 27.5 million American citizens indicated
that they had some Scottish ancestry in their bloodline. Most of these people currently live in
North and South Carolina (still!), Texas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Indiana. Famous early
Americans who descended from Scotsmen include Davey Crockett, Alexander Hamilton, Henry
Knox, Andrew Jackson, and James K. Polk.

Figure 5. Fayetteville, North Carolina in the 1800s when many native Scottish Highlanders still lived there

Figure 6. Cape Fear (middle, bottom of map) was the landing point and original settling grounds for most of the
McRaes who came over from Scotland.

In the United States, the McRaes found a place to flourish once again. It was a more
welcoming environment than the more traditional lands back across the ocean, and this was
mostly due to the new ideals being expressed in the United States. After being driven out of
Scotland by religious intolerance and the British governments desire for more land for sheepraising, the seemingly limitless liberty in their new country was probably overwhelming. The
wave of American Protestantism involved the McRaes, several of whom became reverends and
preachers. However, they were not educated at universities, like so many of their religious
counterparts of the past. Many Americans were able to read and interpret the bible for
themselves instead of relying on the clergy. The most popular sects of this religious wave were
the Methodists and Baptists. The increasingly diverse melting pot of religion experienced its
respective growing pains, but it had a good final effect in creating the American brand of
tolerance for all kinds of religion. This new-fangled Enlightenment-style idea was all the fashion
in those days, and the United States was becoming a testing ground for the biggest and best ideas
of the 17th and 18th century Enlightenment philosophers. Religious tolerance, equal opportunity,
a democratic government and social contract, and the pursuit of happiness were finding a new
home. All these themes challenged traditional ways of thinking, but the United States proved
that they could all exist together in one place. The country still had a ways to go in terms of
human rights and gender equality, but it was a huge step away from the traditional days from
which the colonists and Revolutionaries were escaping.
A century later, in 1900, the McRaes could still be found living in Indiana. Christopher
and Mary McRae, the two who rejoined the McRae heritage, had a son named Farquar
(Farquhar, b.1811) who made the trip west to Indiana with his mother, aunts and uncles, and
grandma after his father died in 1825. Farquar married Matilda Cromwell (b. 1825), a woman 14

years younger than him, and had a son named John Christopher McRae (b. 1861). This man is
my great-great-great grandfather, and was the first McRae in my bloodline to be born and die in
Indiana. The 1920 US Federal Census shows that he was a farmer in Steele Township, Daviess
County Indiana. It was a simpler lifestyle than the McRaes before him and some after him as
well, but it suited him just fine. Most of the McRaes were living into their sixties or longer,
sustaining the longevity that had defined the family name for centuries. John Christophers kids
were named Jesse Sherrel, Mary P, Edward L, and John Walter (all born around 1900). Jesse
McRae is my great-great grandfather and also the man who moved the family to Vincennes,
Indiana. I still have family members who live there now, but the McRae name will not extend to
any new generations there since it has moved on to new places.
Jesse Sherrel McRae (b. 1885) was 32 when he registered for the draft for World War I.
Whether or not he served in the war, he survived because he lived to be 78 years old and moved
to Vincennes, Indiana before he died in 1963. He actually married twice, for the second time in
1952 a year after his first wife, Elizabeth, died. I am related to his first wife, because they had a
son named Virgil Leroy McRae (b. 1909) who is my great grandfather. He lived until 1997 when
he died at 88 years of age. The US Census shows that in 1920 Jessie McRae was living in
Washington, Indiana with his first wife Elizabeth (she also went by Bessie) and their 6 children,
including Virgil. My dad remembers visiting Jesse, his great-grandfather, when he was very
young. He does not recall them having running water but having an outhouse. Needless to say,
they didnt have much money.
By 1930, Virgil was living on his own with his wife, Helen Imogen (b. 1912) and their
newborn daughter, Norma (b. 1930). The US Census shows that he only finished 8th grade, was
an operator on a farm, and rented a house for $35 a month. He was employed, unlike many

people living around him. The Great Depression was just getting started about this time, and
many people were losing their jobs and entire livelihoods. The middle class, a product of the
Enlightenment, was decimated. It was probably an extremely hard period to be starting your
own family, and this hardship might have been one of the reasons why he left for California a
few years later. His wife and family stayed behind in Indiana, and he didnt return for many
years. Helen had only stayed in school until 8th grade, and was left to take care of her children. I
have heard very little about Virgil McRae from my grandfather.

Figure 7. Farquar McRae (b. 1811), my

great-great-great-great grandfather

Figure 8. Virgil McRae in the 1930 US Census (highlighted in

yellow)

Figure 9. World War I draft cards (1917-1918) of Jesse Sherrel McRae (my great-great grandfather)

Figure 10. The McRae family living in Bicknell in 1935, two years before Ronald Eugene McRae, Sr. (my
grandfather), was born. They moved to Vincennes shortly after.

Around the year 1900, there were many things going on around the McRaes, even out in
a more rural setting. The first World Series ever happened in 1903, and baseball became a
favorite pastime of the McRaes (my grandma remembers playing it with all the neighborhood
boys). To this day there is still a tug-of-war between the St. Louis Cardinals and the Cincinnati
Reds in our family, since Indiana is in the middle ground of the two fanbases. The Wright
Brothers also made their first powered flight around then, and aviation has had a big influence on
my life since my dad works in aerospace engineering. He is also a fan of the Indianapolis 500,

along with his dad. The inaugural running of this American Indycar race happened in 1910. A
fourth and possibly more influential event of the beginning of the 19th century was the 1909
foundation of the NAACP. The struggle for civil rights (as well as womens rights) was getting
official in the United States, and would hold Americans attentions for the next century. Women
would get the right to vote in 1919, and Helen Imogen McRae was probably the first female
McRae of my family to vote. It was quite a different time back then!
The 1950s saw the continuance of my ancestors residence in Indiana, as well as the
childhood of my grandfather, Ronald Eugene McRae, Sr. (b. 1942). The US Census is limited by
the 72 year rule, which does not allow publicly collected records to be released to the public
until, you guessed it, 72 years after they are recorded. This means that the 1950 US Census data
will not be available until 2022. This report would be a few years late by then, so I will rely on
stories I have been told about the McRae family.
Virgil McRae left his family behind and moved to California in late 1944 or 1945, when
my grandpa was 2 years old. This left Helen McRae on her own to provide for all her children:
Norma, Patty, James (Jim), Judith (Judy), Shirley, and Ronald (Ron, Big Ron). Her job as a
waitress allowed the family to survive, but there was not much money left after that. They
moved from house to house, and as a result my grandpa didnt really have a single childhood
home. When he got older he met my grandma Margaret (b. 1945), who recalls seeing him for the
first time and thinking, Hes the tallest and skinniest guy Ive seen in all my life! Her sister,
Sylvia, actually talked her into dating him, but she promises that it didnt take too much
persuasion. Once Ronald graduated from high school, he quickly signed up for the Navy, but
kept in touch with my grandma through the mail. They got married in 1962 and three days later
he left for the naval blockade during the Cuban Missile Crisis. After being apart for nine

months, they reunited once the blockade was lifted in November, 1962. My dad was born almost
exactly two years later in 1964.
The American culture of the 50s saw the rise of the King of Rock and Roll (Elvis), and I
would love to see what my grandparents looked like back then boogying to his new and catchy
style of music. Westerns began to dominate television and mass media around then, too, and this
explains my dads (b. 1964) taste for the gritty old days when men had to suck out snake venom
and shoot Indians to stay alive. And can you believe this was around the time when the HulaHoop and Frisbee first came out? How have those two things lasted for so long? Both just
circles of plastic, they were a big part of my childhood as well as my sisters. I wonder what my
grandpa thought when he first got his hands on a Frisbee
On a darker note, military actions once again caused tension and insecurity to rise in the
United States. The Korean War started in 1950 and the Cuban Revolution in 1959 set off alarm
bells in Americans heads about the growing threat of communism in the western hemisphere.
The burgeoning communist reign of Fidel Castro would not end for many decades, and my
grandpa (Ronald Eugene McRae, Sr.) was serving in the Navy during the Cuban Missile Crisis of
1962 when he was 20 years old. There would be tension between the United States and the
Soviet Union, former allies during World War II, for almost 50 years until 1991 when the Cold
War ended.
Im glad these tensions did finally end, because by now someone surely would have
dropped an atomic bomb. Since the McRaes are still here, and I am currently the last link in the
chain, this paper can be written! As of today, the McRaes have risen both economically and
educationally since the 1900s. Ronald Eugene McRae, Jr. (b. 1964), a.k.a. Ronnie, and his
brother Kenneth Dewayne McRae (b. 1971) both attended college and currently earn higher

salaries than their ancestors probably ever thought possible. That generation of McRaes elevated
themselves to the upper portion of the middle class, and set their children up for future success
by encouraging them to go to college. All of Margarets and Big Rons grandchildren (thats my
generation) are either college graduates, in college now, or will be in the near future. At this
point our fields of study and work include engineering, medicine, and teaching. It looks like my
generation will do pretty well. We grew up in a digital age, and the world shrank during an era
of globalization that coincided with our childhoods. The attitude of the general American public
towards our own culture has been growing more liberal and open-minded, and things like gay
marriage and the legalization of marijuana might someday seem as distant as womens suffrage
or the appeal of Prohibition. Its strange to think of my generation as the last step in the long
chain that I traced all the way back to Ireland in the 1300s, but thats where we are today. Whats
next?
The Gaelic speaking MacRaes of Ireland had no chance at guessing where their ancestors
would be in 700 years. They didnt even know that another land existed to their distant west, and
probably thought the Earth was flat, if they even thought about that at all. When they were
kicked out of Ireland around 1500 by the Frasers of Lovat, Europe was still in the dark ages. As
the MacRaes passed two centuries living in Eilean Donan Castle, the Enlightenment was
building up steam and finally hit its stride during the MacRaes last few years living in the castle.
When Enlightenment ideals struck a chord with the British citizens, the Glorious Revolution
began. The MacRaes picked the wrong side and basically fought against the Enlightenment,
trying to preserve the reign of an absolute monarch simply because he had helped them during
the previous years. After losing their home during the war, the MacRaes ambled around
Scotland for about 50 years before showing up in the Carolinas in the United States in 1775.

They immediately began fighting again against their old enemies, the British, evidently still
upset about losing the castle. The McRaes found it easier to fight for Enlightenment ideals rather
than against them. History put them on the winning side this time, and they eventually moved to
Indiana where they lived for a few generations before finally spreading out again in my dads
generation. Of all the men in the line of inheritance that I traced, only one (Alexander McRae)
did not make it to 50 years old. Most lived into their seventies, even in the 1600s! This was also
the case for most of the women who did not die during childbirth. There is also a strong tradition
of military service in my family, with at least one man in each generation (either my ancestor or
his brothers) serving in the military. The family did well in Scotland, stayed on its feet once it
arrived in America, got knocked down by the Great Depression, and is now rising back through
the ranks. Where will we be in 100 years?
The world probably seems a lot smaller now than it did to my Scottish ancestors,
especially the ones who made the voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. I was back in Scotland last
spring, and went on a tour of the Highlands. If I had traveled 300 years into the past, I could
have seen my ancestors living in Eilean Donan Castle for the final 5 years of its original
existence. The Scottish countryside isnt much different than it was 300 years ago, but the
McRae family, as well as the world, certainly is.

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