UNIVERSITATEA TEHNICA DE CONSTRUCTII BUCURESTI

PROIECT:
Masini electrice

STUDENT:
BIRLOG RARES
ANUL III, SERIA A, I.E.P.A

Tema de casa
Date nominale motor asincron trifazat cu rotorul in conexiune stea:
Nr.crt.

Tip
motor

Pn
[Kw]

Nn[rot/min
]

U1n[V
]

I10[A
]

U20[V]

I20[A]

n [

Cos n

0.81

1.8

%]

12

AFI
200
M

17

940

380

Pn=17 Kw=17000 W.
nn

= 940 rpm=15.66 rps.

U1nl=380 V=U1nf=220 V.
U20l=450 V.
I1nl=37.8 A =I1nf=37.8 A.
I2nl=27.4 A=I2nf=27.4 A.
n

=0.85

Cos n=0.81
=1.8
La proba in gol s-au masurat :
P10 =10%
I 10

Pn =1700 [W]
A

=30% I 1 nf =11.34 ]

La proba de scurtcircuit s-au masurat:

P1 sc =25 Pn=4250 [ W ]

U 1 sc =20 U 1 nf =44 [ V ]
Pm+ v =2 Pn=340 [W ]

37.8

450

24.7

85

I1

R1

X1

X`2

R`2/s I2

Xm

Rm

A1.Sa se determine parametrii schemei echivalente in T:

La proba in gol:
P2 =0 ; U 1=U 1 nf ; I 1=I 10 ; n n 1 R 2 /s ;
P1=P10=Pm +v +PFe 1
1. R 0=R1 + Rm
2.

X 0 =X 1 + X m

3.

P10

P10
1700
2
=
R

R
0
10
0
2
=3
= 3 I 3 11.34 2 = 4.40 []

U 1n
Z
=
0
4.
I 10

Z0=

220
= 19.40 []
11.34

X0

5.

Z 20 R 20
=

19.402 4.402
=18.88 []

La proba de scurtcircuit :
P2 =0 ; U 1=U 1 sc ; I 1=I 1 nl ; n 0 R 2/ s R 2
P1P1 sc =Pcu1 + Pcu2
1. R sc =R 1+ R 2
2.

X sc= X 1+ X 2

3.

P1 sc

P1 sc
4250
2
Rsc
R

I
sc
nf
=3

= 3 I 2 = 3 37.82 = 0.99 []
nf

U 1 sc
4. Z sc= I nf
5.

X sc

44
27.4 =1.16 []

Z sc R sc
X sc
=

6. R 2=1,2
7.

Z sc=

1.1620.99

= 0.60 []

R1

X 2 =X

Din relatia 1+6

[]
Din relatia 1

Rsc =R1 +1,2

Rsc
0.9
R =0.62
R
(
1+0.9
)

R
=
1
1
=
=
=0.52 [] 2
1.9
1.9

Rm=R 0R1=4.400.52=3.88

Din relatia 2+7

Din relatia 2

R1

[]

X sc

X1

X sc
0.60
+ X 2 X 1= 2 = 2 =0.30[]

X0

X1

Xm

=18.88-0.30=18.50 []

A2.
P2

= Pn=17000 [ W ]

Pm+ v =340[W ]

= PFe 2

Pcu1=3 I n = 30.52 37.82 =2228.9 [W]

Pcu2=3 R2 I 2n= 30.62 24.72 =1134.7 [W]
P1 n=P2 n + Pn=P 2+ P Fe1 + Pcu1 + Pcu 2 + Pm +v =17000+340+340+ 2228.9+1134.47=21043.6[W ]

Sau
P1 n= 3 U 1 nl I 1 nl Cos =24876.6 [W]
P 1 n=

P 2n
17000
=20000 [ W ]
=
0.85
n

B1.
Pn=M n n

M n=

S n=

n=2 n n= n=2 15.66=98.39

rad
.
s

Pn 17000
=
n 98.39 =172.78 Nm

n1n 1000940
=
=0.06
n1
1000

n1=1000 rpm

= 16.7 rps

B2.
M n=

2 Mmax
Scr Sn
+
Sn Scr

2 311
Scr 0.06
+
0.06 Scr

2 311
0.062 + Scr 2
0.06 Scr

2
2
2
178.78 0.06 +178.78 Scr = 2 311 0.06 Scr 178.78 Scr -37.32+0.64=0

Scr 1,2=

Scr 1=0.019
Scr 2=0.189

2
37.32 37.32 4 178.78 0.64

37.32 30.57

357.56

Mn

unde :

=172.78 Nm , Mmax=

2 Mmax
Mp= Scr + 1
1 Scr

2 311
=
0.189
1
+
1
0.189

M n=1.8 172.78=311.004

113.50

B3.
Mp

2 M max
Scr 1
+
1 S cr

B 4,

B5

N
0.06

N
[rps]
M

16.2
5

= 113.5 Nm

S cr

2 311
0.189
1
+
1
0.189

n1ncr
n1

0.1

15.6
9
179.
3
M=f(
s)
=

n1

max
0.18
9
13.5
4
311

15.3
6
257.
1

0.4

0.8

P/0
1

10.0
2
240.
25

3.34

139.
17

113.
5

n=f(
M)
ncr

S cr n1

=>

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-0.06

16.7 = 15.69

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-0.08

16.7 = 15.36

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-0.189

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-0.4

16.7 = 10.02

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-0.8

16.7 = 3.34

ncr

n1

S cr n1

= 16.7-1

16.7 = 13.54

16.7 = 0

Mn

Mn

Mn

Mn

Mn

Mn

2 311
0.189 . 0.06
+
0.06 0.189

=179.3

2 311
0.189 0.1
+
0.1 0.189

= 257.1

2 311
0.189 0.189
+
0.189 0.189

= 311

2 311
0.189 0.4
+
0.4 0.189

= 240.25

2 311
0.189 0.8
+
0.8 0.189

= 139.17

2 311
0.189
1
+
1
0.189

= 113.5

350

300

250

200
M
150

100

50

0
0

0.2

0.4

0.6
S

0.8

1.2

18
16
14
12
10
N

6
4
2
0
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

C. Sa se calculeze rezistenta necesara a fi inseriata in circuitul rotoric pentru ca la pornire

motorul sa dezvolte un cuplu Mp= Mmax. Trasati caracteristica acestei porniri M=f(S),
n=f(M). Calculati pierderile nominale in aceasta situatie.

R2
X 1+ X 2 S cr(R)
S cr
R +R
Caracteristica mecanica reostatica :S cr ( R )= 2
X1+ X 2
Caracteristica mecanica naturala S cr =

Pem =+ P Fe2 + Pcu 2+ P2 + Pm+v = Pcu2=P emP2

P=M
n=2 15.66=98.39
n1=1000 rpm

[rad/s]

= 16.7 rps

R 2+ R
X 1+ X 2

(1)

Pcu2 = M em 1 M

 R 2 I 2 n2

R2

M max 1 S n

=>

172.78 98.39 0.06

3 27.4 2

R2

= 0.45 [

3 I2 n

M max 1 Sn
3 I 2 n2

(2)

0.450.189 0.45
0.189

Din relatiile (1),(2) R=

M max 1 Sn

=1.9 [

D. Se executa o pornire in trepte a motorului asincron. Calculati rezistentele de pornire

necesare pornirii. Trasati caracteristica pornirii in trepte in M=f(S) si n=f(M). Desenati
schema electrica a pornirii in trepte.

M pmax <M max : M pmax ( 0.80.9 )

M pmin < M n : M pmin (1.11.4)

M pmax= 311 0.9= 279.9

M pmin=178.78 1.1=196.6
M pmax=

punctul a.

12 + ScrRP 12
1 S crRP1

S crRP 12

b2

622
-4

2 Mmax
Scr (RP1)
1
+
Scr ( RP 1)
1

622
279.9

= 279.9+279.9

S crRP 1=0
a c

279.9

S crRP 12

2 311
Scr (RP 1)
1
+
Scr (RP 1)
1

=622

S crRP 1

279.9+279.9

=>

6222

-4

(279.9 279.9)

=0 =75520


X 1= X 2=