Nerve cell

Introduction
Nerve cells(Neuron) are the cell that communicate and send the message to the brain and they
allow us to react to stimulus. There are 3 types of nerve cell which are Sensory nerve cell, Motor
nerve cell and Association nerve cell. Sensory nerve cell are the cell that transfer information
about stimuli to the central nervous system. The motor nerve cell that pass the instruction form
the central nervous system to other part of body. Association nerve cell are the cell which connect
to the sensory and motor nerve cell.

Organelles of nerve cell

1. Cell body(soma) - produces all the proteins for the dendrites,
axons and synaptic terminals and contains specialized organelles
such as mitrocondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum,
secretory granules, ribosomes and polysomes to provide energy and
make parts as well as assemble the parts into completed products.
Nucleus - contains genes, and consisting of DNA. It synthesizes RNA from
DNA and ships it through its pores to the cytoplasm for use in protein
synthesis.
Golgi Apparatus - Packgaging peptides and proteins into vesicles.
Polyribosomes - Associated ribosomes work on it to make the copies
protein.
Mitochondria - Supply energy in the form of ATP.
Rough ER and Smooth ER - transport materials within the cytoplasm. With
ribosomes, produce protien.
2. Cytosol - containing enzymes for metabolism of the cell.
3. Neuronal membrane - outermost area of the neuron. It made
from proteins and The structure is a bilayer of phospholipids,

Function: accumulating nutreints

catalyzing enzymatic reaction

Dendrite
- the tree like structure. It is the main part for receiving signals
from the other nerve cell. They are cover by thousands of synapse.
The synapse are the area between the postsynaptic membrane of the
nerve cell and the postsynaptic membrane of the other nerve cell. There
are 2 kinds of synapse which are Electrical synapse and Chemical
synaptic.
The dendrite help the neurons to receive signal from others.

Axon
- Axon is the main conducting unit of the neuron and transport
information to diffrence area. Some neuron do not have axon and
some have very short because some of them dont have to transport
information.
- The axon hillock is where the axon join with the cell.

CITATION

Silvia Helena Cardoso, PhD. Part of nerves cells and thier function. Retrieved from
http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n07/fundamentos/neuron/parts_i.htm
John Williams. What are nerve cells? - Function, Types and structure. Retrieved from
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-are-nerve-cells-function-typesstructure.html#lesson
BBC home. ( 24 september 2014). Nervous system - Nerve cells and nerves. Retrieved from
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/nervecellsandnerves/nerve_cells_and_
nerves.shtml