China and Japan

The Qing Dynasty and Tokugawa Shogunate

1.
2.
3.
4.

Dynasty characteristics in China:

emperors from same family rule in succession
territory may change over time
power can be gained or lost
dynasties can be overthrown from internal/external forces

What is a dynasty? Create your

own definition explaining what
makes a dynasty a Dynasty.
QoD on ipods

China and Japan

The Qing Dynasty and Tokugawa Shogunate

Qing Dynasty
Ming Collapse (1644)
Non-Chinese from north
(Manchus)
Followed Ming Traditions
Closed to outside ideas
Strictly limited trade
Govt run by Confucian
scholars and eunuchs

Social Classes
Privileged Classes
! Scholar-bureaucrats, gentry
! Distinctive clothing with ranks
! Immunity from some legal
proceedings, taxes, labor
service
Working classes
! Peasants, artisans/workers,
merchants
! Confucian doctrine gives
greatest
status to peasants
! Merchant activity not actively
supported
Lower classes
! Military, beggars, slaves

Population
Chinese cities under Qing
-Continued to grow
-Peace and urban growth contributed to increase of trade
Farming
-Farm land was increasing
-Planted new crops introduced from Americas
-i.e. peanuts, sweet potatoes, tobacco

Chinese Population
Growth

Decline of the Qing Dynasty

Rapid Pop. Growth
-more crops = possible to feed more
-Increased population = increased pressure on government
-government corruption widespread
-More and more Chinese farmers found it hard to support families
-Unrest grew
*Disastrous floods and famine made situation worst
*As did growing pressures from Western powers to gain econ. control
in China

2000 Years of Chinese

History
1.

2.
3.
4.

5.

Questions to answer:
Chinese history is divided
into five periods known as
what?
Why was the Mandate of
Heaven important?
What 2 things can end a
dynasty?
What was Confuciuss idea
for making a strong
peaceful state?
What was the problem with
Chinese history?

Make a pros and cons list of benefits and

problems of having ruling dynasties in your
country. Given your list, do you think it would be
better or worse to have a dynastic system?
Question of the Day

Tokugawa Shogunate
Japans Warrior Government

Tokugawa Japan
A.Followed end of wars between
rival daimyo (or feudal lords) and
their samurai
B. Shogun (warlord ruler of Japan
subordinate to emperor)
takeover in 1603
C.Tokugawa shoguns close off
Japan from outside Deshima off
Nagasaki only contact point
D.Lasted until 19th century with
forced opening of Japan by
Americans

Geographic Influences

Religious
Buddhism spread from
South Korea
comfort for warriors

Geographic Influences

Chinese Ideas
Zen
Artwork and sculpture

Geographic Influences
Trade
During the 1500s, the Portuguese
introduced the gun.
Threatened the stability of the power
hierarchy, (WHY?) leading Japan to
close off its borders except for the port
at Nagasaki.

Given what you have learned about emperors

and what you have learned about the shogun,
what are some differences and similarities
between the two positions?
-Answer on the ipods
(www.m.socrative.com - room #winstead)
Question of the Day 1-16-14

Questions to answer:
(Copy before class)
1. What was the most
significant accomplishment
of the Tokugawas?
2. How was the reality of the
samurai different than our
image of them?
3. Who was Matthew Perry?
Explain who he was. Why
was he important?

Japanese Culture
Art
took the form of woodblock prints
everyday scenes conveyed
Japanese Art activity

Instructions
On the ipods visit
winsteadhistory.weebly.com
Examine the pictures posted under
1-15-14 Tokugawa Art
On your worksheet write down
any detail you can see about the
artwork.
no observation is too small
We will go over the worksheet as
a class so dont stress, but actively
work

Tokugawa Years

Great Peace through

dictatorship
Monopoly on gunpowder
technology
Rigid class system

Tokugawa Ieyasu
(1543-1616)
1st of 15 Tokugawa
shoguns 1603
! Capital at Edo (Tokyo)
! Brought all daimyos
under his authority
! Civil wars ended
(Tokugawa video)

Control of Daimyo

Approximately 260
powerful territorial lords
! Independent militaries,
judiciaries, schools,
foreign relations
From Edo (Tokyo),
alternate attendance
required

Shogunates accomplishments

Peace restored
Population grew
Roads, canals, internal economy grew
Tokugawas dynamic through mid-1700s
! Inflexibility
! Mid-1800s: Japan forced open by foreign powers
(U.S.
Commodore Perry)
! Tokugawa rule ended 1868

Qing vs Tokugawa
The End Results

Qing inequalities
When negotiations about
trade imbalance failed,
the British solution was
opium.
! The British East India
Company shipped opium
directly to the Chinese
market. Silver began flowing
back to the British
British responded by starting
the Opium War.

Why the closure?

A.Like Muslim Empires didnt

take Europeans too seriously
B.Arrogance born of perceived
cultural superiority China,
Japan
C.Fear of outside influence
Japan

Legacy?
C.Why so different?
1.China arrogant ignored
Europeans and dismissed
advances as toys
2.Japanese paid attention
to advances; studied Rangaku
(Western learning obtained
from Dutch) already
thinking about situation

Legacy?

D. In a competitive human world do not

minimize or ignore ANY possible competitor
you may shut them out for a while, but theyll
be back and better armed!