Outline for Civil Law Review II

2nd Semester, SY 2014-2015

OBLIGATIONS and CONTRACTS
PART I - OBLIGATIONS
I. In General
A. Nature
1. Definition, NCC 1156
2. Sources, NCC 1157
MetroBank v. Rosales, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014.

(a) Law, NCC 1158

(b) Contract, NCC 1159
PSBA v CA, GR 84698, Feb. 4, 1992
Cruz v Gruspe, GR 191431, March 13, 2013
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602, December
11, 2013.
(c) Quasi-Contract, NCC 1160
Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105,
December 9, 2013.
(d) Delict, NCC 1161
(d) Quasi-Delict, NCC 1162
Barredo v Garcia, 73 Phil. 607 (1942)
Gutierrez v Gutierrez, No. 34840, September 23, 1931
Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013.

B. Nature and Effect of Obligations

1. Kinds of Prestations
a. To give, NCC 1163-1166

(i) Rules regarding improvement, loss, or deterioration,

NCC 1189, 1190, 1194, 566-571
b. To do, NCC 1167
Chavez v Gonzales, 32 SCRA 547
Tanguilig v CA, 266 SCRA 78 (1997)
c. Not to do, NCC 1168
2. Irregularity in Performance
a. Attributable to Debtor, NCC 1170
(i) Fraud (dolo), NCC 1170, 1171, cf. NCC 1338
Woodhouse v Halili, 93 Phil 526 (1953)
Geraldez v CA, 230 SCRA 329 (1994)
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014.

(ii) Effects of fraud

(A) Specific Performance, NCC 1233
(1) Specific/determinate thing, NCC 1244,
1170, 1165 (1), 11767
(2) Generic thing, NCC 1246
(3) Preserve, NCC 1163
(4) Deliver all its accessions, NCC 1166,
1164
(5) Interest, NCC 1176
(6) Deliver all its accessories, NCC 1166
(7) Analogous Circumstances
Surviving Heirs versus Lindo, et al., G.R. No. 208232, March 10,
2014

(B) Substituted performance, NCC 1165(3)

(C) Rescission, NCC 1191-1192, 1786, 1788,
1484-1486, RA 6552
Boysaw v Interphil Promotions, 148 SCRA 364
(1987
U.P. v De los Angeles, 35 SCRA 365 (1970)
Vda. de Mistica v Sps. Naguiat, 418 SCRA 72
(2003)
2

Fil-Estate v Vertex, G.R. No. 202079, June 10, 2013

(D) Damages, NCC 1170
(1). Unilateral obligations, NCC 1171
(2). Reciprocal obligations, NCC 1192
(iii) Negligence (culpa), NCC 1173, 1172,
(iv) Effects of Negligence, 1170, 2201, 2202, 1233,
1191, 1170
Gutierrez v Gutierrez, 56 Phil 177 (1932)
Vasquez v Borja, 74 Phil 560 (1944)
Federal Builders v Foundation Specialists, GR 194507, Sept. 8, 2014

(v) Delay (mora), NCC 1169

SSS v Moonwalk, G.R. No. 73345. April 7, 1993
(vi) Kinds of delay
(A) mora solvendi, NCC 1169
Abella v Gonzaga, 55 Phil 447 (1931)
Foundation v Santos, GR 153004, November 4, 2004
Vasquez v Ayala Corp., GR 149734, November 19, 2004
Agner v BPI, G.R. No. 182963. June 3, 2013

(B) mora accipiendi

Vda. de Villaruel v Manila Motor Co., 104 Phil
926 (1958)
Tengco v CA, GR 49852, October 19, 1989
(C) compensatio morae
Central Bank v CA, 139 SCRA 46 (1985)
(b) Not attributable to the debtor
(i) Fortuitous event, NCC 1174, 1221, 1165(2)
Nakpil v CA, L-47851, October 3, 1986
Fil-Estate v Ronquillo, GR 185789, Jan. 13, 2014

(c) Other Provisions, NCC 1175, 1957, 1413, 1961, 1176

(d) Remedies of creditors
3

(i). Levy and execution, NCC 1177, 2236

(ii). Accion Subrogatoria, NCC 1177, 772
(iii). Accion Pauliana, NCC 1177, 1380-1389
Khe Hong Cheng v CA, 355 SCRA 701 (2001)
Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)
(iv). Accion Directa, NCC 1652, 1729, 1608, 1893
3. Transmissibility, NCC 1178

II. KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS

1. According to demandability, NCC 1179-1192
(a) Pure obligations
(b) Conditional obligations
Gaite v Fonacier, 2 SCRA 830 (1961)
Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, 314 SCRA 585
(1999)
(i) Suspensive (condition precedent)
Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, supra
Coronel v CA, 253 SCRA 15 (1996)
(ii) Resolutory (condition subsequent)
Parks v Prov of Tarlac, 49 Phil 142 (1926)
Central Philippines v CA, 246 SCRA 511 (1995)
Quijada v CA, 299 SCRA 695 (1998)

(A) Potestative
Lim v CA, 191 SCRA 156 (1990)
Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014
(B) Casual
Naga Telephone v CA, 230 SCRA 351 (1994)
(C ) Mixed
4

Osmena v Rama, 14 Phil 99 (1909)

Smith Bell v Sotelo Matti, 44 Phil 875
(1922)
Rustan Pulp v IAC, 214 SCRA 665 (1992)
Romero v CA, 250 SCRA 223 (1995)
(iii) Possible
(iv) Impossible
Roman Catholic Archbishop v CA, 198 SCRA 100
(1991)
(v) Positive
(vi) Negative
(vii) Divisible
(viii) Indivisible
(ix) Conjunctive
(x) Alternative
(xi) Express
(xii) Implied
C. Obligations with a term, NCC 1193-1198
1. Types
(a) With a suspensive period (ex die)
(b) With a resolutory period (in diem)
(c) Legal
(d) Voluntary
(e) Judicial, NCC 1197, 1191, 1687 (2,3,4 sentences), 1180
Araneta v Phil Sugar Estate, 20 SCRA 330 (1967)
Central Philippines v CA, supra
(f) Express
(g) Tacit
(h) Original
(i) Grace
(j) Definite
(k) Indefinite

2. According to Plurality of Object, NCC 1199-1206

A. Alternative Obligations, NCC 199-1206
(i). Kinds
5

(a) Simple alternative, NCC 1199

(b) Facultative, NCC 1206
(ii). Right to choose
(a) In general, NCC 1200-1201, 1205
(b) Loss of right, NCC 1200, 1202-1203
(iii). Loss/Impossibility
(a) Liability for loss of thing/impossibility of
performance, NCC 1205
(b) Creditors right to indemnity for damages,
NCC 1204

3. According to Plurality of Subjects, NCC 1207-1222

A. Single
B. Joint
(a) General rule, NCC 1207
(b) Presumption, NCC 1208
(c) Indivisibility, NCC 1209
C. Solidary
(a) When solidary, NCC 1207
(b) Kinds
Lafarge Cement v Continental Cement, 443 SCRA
522 (2004)
4. According to Performance, NCC 1223-1225
A. Divisible/Indivisible Obligations
5. According to Sanction for Breach, NCC 1226-1230
Rivelisa Realty v. First Sta. Clara Builders, G.R. No. 189618. January
15, 2014.

A. Obligations with a Penal Clause, 2226-2228

Lambert v Fox, G.R. No. L-7991, January 29, 1914
SSS v Moonwalk, supra
Robes-Franciscov CFI, G.R. No. L-41093 October 30,
1978
6

B. Characteristics of penal clause

(a) Subsidiary or alternative, NCC 1227
(b) Exclusive, NCC 1226

D. Extinguishment of Obligations, NCC 1231

Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R.
No. 177921, December 4, 2013.
Arco Pulp v Lim, June 2014

1. Payment or performance, NCC 1232-1251)

a. As to prestation
(i) Identity
Exceptions:
(A) Dacion en pago, NCC 1245
PNB v Dee, GR182128, Feb. 19, 2014
(B) Novation
Magbanua v Uy, G.R. No. 161003. May 6, 2005
Phil. Charter v Petroleum, G.R. No. 180898, April 18, 2012
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific Technologies Co., Ltd., G.R.
No. 200602, December 11, 2013.
Arco Pulp v Lim, June 2014
(ii) Integrity, NCC 1233, cf. 1234, 1235, 1254(2)
(iii) Indivisibility, cf. 1248, 1225(2), 1248, 1208, 1211,
1290, 1720, 2065.

(b) As to parties
(i) Payor, Obligor, Debtor
Effect if Third Person, NCC 1236-1238, 1427
(ii) Payee, Obligee, Creditor, NCC 1240, 1626
Effect if Third Person, NCC 1241-1242
(c) As to time and place of performance, NCC 1251, 1169
PCIB v Franco, G.R. No. 180069, March 5, 2014
7

NOTE: 4 special forms of payment

(1). Dacion en pago, NCC 1245
Filinvest v Philippine Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)
Tan Shuy v Sps Maulawin, GR 190375, February 2012
(2). Application of payments, NCC 1252-1254
Reparations Commission v Universal Deep Sea Fishing,
83 SCRA 764 (1978)
Paculdo v Regalado, 345 SCRA 134 (2000)
(3). Cession, NCC 1255
(4). Tender of payment and consignation, NCC 1256-1261
Meat Packing Corp. v Sandiganbayan, 359 SCRA 409 (2001)
Sps. Cacyurin v AFPMB, GR No. 171298, April 15, 2013
Bonrostro v Juan, G.R. No. 172346, JUL 24 2013
Del Carmen v Sabordo, GR 181723, Aug. 11, 2014
2. Loss of Thing Due, NCC 1262-1269
a. Impossibility of Performance
(i) Original
(ii) Supervening
3. Condonation or remission of the debt, NCC 1270-1274
Yam v CA, GR 104726, February 11, 1999
4. Confusion or merger of rights of the creditor, NCC 12751277
5. Compensation, NCC 1278-1290
Gan Tion v CA, 28 SCRA 235 (1969)
Mirasol v CA, 351 SCRA 44 (2001)
Montemayor v Millora, G.R. No. 168251, July 27, 2011
Union Bank v DBP, G.R. No. 191555, Jan 20 2014
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15,
2014.
6. Novation, NCC 1291 1304
a. Subjective or Personal
8

Starbright Sales v Philippine Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 177936,

January 18, 2012
S.C. Megaworld Construction vs. Engr. Luis U. Parada, G.R. No.
183804. September 11, 2013
Magbanua v Uy, G.R. No. 161003. May 6, 2005
Phil. Charter v Petroleum, G.R. No. 180898, April 18, 2012
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific Technologies Co., Ltd., G.R. No.
200602, December 11, 2013.
Arco Pulp v Lim, June 2014

b. Objective or real
c. Mixed

7. Invalid payment, NCC 1243

8. Annulment
9. Rescission
10. Fulfillment of a Resolutory Condition
11. Prescription
12. Death in certain Instances
13. Renunciation by the creditor, NCC 6
14. Compromise
15. Arrival of a Resolutory Term
16. Mutual Desistance
Saura v DBP, April 27, 1972
\
17. Unilateral Withdrawal
18. Change of Civil Status
19. Rebus Sic Stantibus, NCC 1267
Naga TelCO v CA, GR 107112, February 24, 1994
PNCC v CA, GR 116896, May 5, 1997
Osmena v SSS, GR 165272, Sept. 13, 2007
So v FoodFest, GR 183268, April 7, 2010
21. Want of Interest
22. Judicial Insolvency

Part II - CONTRACTS
A. General Provisions
1. Definition, NCC 1305
Heirs of Intac v CA, G.R. No. 17321, Oct 11, 2012
9

MIAA v Avia, G.R. No. 180168, February 27, 2012

Heirs of Uy v Castillo, G.R. No. 176425, June 5, 2013

2. Characteristics
a. Obligatory force, NCC 1315, 1314
R.S. Tomas, Inc. v Rizal, G.R. No. 173155, March 21, 2012
b. Mutuality, NCC 1308-1310
PNB v Manalo, GR 174433, Feb. 24, 2014
Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014

c. Relativity, NCC 1311

PNB v. Dee, et al., G.R. No. 182128, February 19, 2014.

Exceptions:
(i) Accion Pauliana
(ii). Accion Directa
(iii) Article 1312
(iv) Stipulation pour autrui, NCC 1311(2)
d. Autonomy of will, NCC 1306
Malbarosa v CA, GR 125761, 2003
Capalla v COMELEC, GR 201112, June 2012
(concurring of J. Sereno)

10

3. Elements of a Contract
a. Essential, NCC 1318
(i) Consent of the contracting parties, NCC 1319
Sierra v PAIC, G.R. No. 197857, September 10, 2014
(ii) Offer, NCC 1321, 1323-1326
(iii) Acceptance, NCC 1320, 1322, 1319
Rosenstock v Burke, 46 Phil 217 (1924)
Sanchez v Rigos, 45 SCRA 368 (1972)
Capalla v COMELEC, GR 201112, June 2012
(concurring of J. Sereno)
Malbarosa v CA, 402 SCRA 108 (2003)
Traders Royal Bank v Cuison, June 5, 2009
(iv) Object, NCC 1347 1349
Blas v Santos, 1 SCRA 899 (1961)
Tanedo v CA, 252 SCRA 80 (1996)
(v) Cause, NCC 1350 1355
Liguez v CA, 102 Phil 577 (1957)
Carantes v CA, 76 SCRA 524 (1977)
Sps. Buenaventura v CA, 416 SCRA 263 (2003)

NOTE; Natural Elements

(1) Right to resolve, NCC 1191
(2) Warranties in sales contracts

4. Stages of a Contract, NCC 1315, 1316

5. Classification of Contracts
a. According to degree of dependence
(i) Preparatory
(ii) Principal
(iii) Accessory
b. According to Perfection
(i) Consensual
11

(ii) Real
c. According to their Form
(i) Common or informal
(ii) Special or formal
d. According to purpose
(i) Transfer of ownership
(ii) Conveyance of use
(iii) Rendition of service
e. According to Subject Matter
(i) Things
(ii) Services
f. According to the Nature of the Obligation
(i) Bilateral
(ii) Unilateral
g. According to Cause
(i) Onerous
(ii) Gratuitous
h. According to Risk
(i) Commutative
(ii) Aleatory
i. According to Name
(i) Nominate
(ii) Innominate, NCC 1307
Tinsay v. Yusay, 47 Phil. 639 (1925)
Dizon v Gaborro, 83 SCRA 688 (1978)

B. Form of Contracts, NCC 1356-1358

Hernaez v de Los Angeles, 27 SCRA 1276 (1969)
Zamora v Miranda, G.R. No. 162930, Dec. 5, 2012
1. For validity
2. For enforceability
12

3. For registrability
C. Reformation of Instruments, NCC 1359-1369
Garcia v Bisaya, 97 Phil 609 (1955)
Bentir v Leande, 330 SCRA 591 (2000)
Sarming v Dy, 383 SCRA 131 (2002)
D. Interpretation of Contracts, NCC 1370 1379, Rule 130, Secs. 10-19, Rules of
Court
E. Defective Contracts
1. Rescissible Contracts, NCC 1380-1389
Oria v McMicking, 21 Phil 243 (1912)
Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)
Velarde v CA, 361 SCRA 56 (2001)
Miguel v Montanez, G.R. No. 191336, January 25, 2012
Ada v Baylon, G .R. No. 182435, Aug. 13, 2012
2. Voidable Contracts, NCC 1390 1402
Caldwallader v Smith, Bell, 7 Phil 461 (1907)
PNB v Phil. Vegetable, G.R. No. L-25400, January 14, 1927
Singsong v Isabela Sawmill, 88 SCRA 623 (1979)
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014
Ratification, NCC 1392-1396:
Uy Soo Lim v Tan Unchuan, 38 Phil 552 (1918)
Viloria v CAI, G.R. No. 188288, Jan. 16, 2012
ECE Realty v Mandap, G.R. No. 196182, September 1, 2014

a. Incapable of giving consent, NCC 1327

b. Insanity, NCC 1328-1329
c. Mistake, NCC 1330-1343
d. Violence, NCC 1335(1)
e. Intimidation, NCC 1335(2)
f. Undue influence, NCC 1337
g. Fraud, NCC 1332, 1338-1344
Roman Catholic Church v Pante, April 11, 2012
ECE Realty and Development Inc. v Rachel Mandap, G.R. No. 196182,
September 1, 2014
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014
3. Unenforceable Contract, NCC 1403 1408, 1317
13

PNB v Phil. Vegetable Oil, 49 Phil 857 (1927)

Carbonnel v Poncio, 103 Phil 655 (1958)
Limketkai v CA, March 29, 1996
Swedish Match v CA, 441 SCRA 1 (2004)
Neri v Heirs of Uy, GR 194366, October 2012
Iglesia v Heirs Of Bernardino Taeza, G.R. No. 179597, Feb. 3, 2014

4. Void Contracts, NCC 1409-1410, 1411-1412, 1413-1416, 14171420- 422

1419,

a. NCC 1345-1346
b. NCC 1490-1491
c. NCC 1378
d. NCC 1409
Ureta v Ureta, Sept. 14, 2011
Formaran vs Ong, G.R. No. 186264, July 8 2013
Constantino v Heirs of Constantino, G.R. No. 181508, Oct. 2 2013
THE CPG of the SP. Cadavedo v Lacaya, G.R. No. 173188, January
15, 2014

e. NCC 1422
f. NCC 1782
g. FC 87
Liguez v CA, supra
Rellosa v Gaw Cheen Hum, 93 Phil 827 (1953)
Frenzel v Catito, 406 SCRA 55 (2003)
Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, Jan. 15 2014
Contracts of Adhesion
Piltel v Tecson, May 7, 2004
Alpha Insurance v Castor, G.R. No. 198174, Sept 2, 2013
PART III SPECIAL CONTRACTS
SALES
1. Definition and Essential Requisites - NCC 1505
Sanchez v Mapalad Realty, 541 SCRA 397
Hernandez-Nievera v Hernandez, 643 SCRA 646 (2011)
2. Voidable Title - NCC 1506
14

3. Double Sales - NCC 1544

De Leon v Ong, 611 SCRA 381 (February 2, 2010)
Roman Catholic Church v Pante, supra
Sabitsana v Muertegui, GR 181359, Aug. 5, 2013
Alfaro et al v Spouses Dumalagan, et al, G.R. No. 186622, JAN 22 2014
4. Sale of Movables - NCC 1484 - 1486
Tajanglangit v Southern Motors, 54 O,G, No. 8, p. 2582
Filinvest v Phil. Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)
De La Cruz v Asian Consumer 214 SCRA 103
5. Option to Buy/Sell - NCC 1479, 1324
Sanchez v Rigos, supra
Eulogio v Apeles, 576 SCRA 561
Tuazon v del-Rosario-Suarez, GR 168325, December 3, 2010
PUP v Golden Horizon, 615 SCRA 478 (2010)
Archbishop Capalla v COMELEC, 2011
6. Right of First Refusal
Equatorial v Mayfair, 264 SCRA 483 (1996)
Paranaque King v CA, 268 SCRA 727 (1997)
5. Earnest Money NCC 1482
Cifra v CA, 198 SCRA 91
Serrano v Caguiat, 517 SCRA 57
7. Equitable Mortgage, NCC 1602, 1603, 1604
Arches v Diaz, April 30, 1973
Rockville v Miranda, Oct. 2, 2009
Macaslang v Zamora, May 30. 2011
Aludos v Suerte, June 18, 2012
Garcia v Villar, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
Torda v. Jaque, G.R. No. 199852, November 12, 2014

15

8. Capacity to Contract, NCC 1491

Dir. v Ababa, February 27, 1979
Laig v CA, November 21, 1978
Sarili v. Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, January 15, 2014.
9. Redemption - NCC 1619-1623
Butte v Uy, February 28, 1962
Conejero v CA, April 29, 1966
Alonzo v CA, May 29, 1987 (supra, Family Relations)
Hojas v Amanah, G.R. No. 193453, June 5, 2013
Tolosa v UCPB,GR 183058, April 3, 2013
GOldenway v PCIBank, March 13, 2013
David v David, G.R. No. 162365, Jan 15 2014
10. Rep. Act 6552, An Act To Provide Protection To Buyers Of Real Estate On
Installment Payments.
De los Santos v CA, 2006
Fedman v Agcaoili, Aug. 31, 2011
Manuel Uy & Sons, Inc. vs. Valbueco, G.R. No. 179594. September 11,
2013
Sebastian v. BPI Family Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 160107, October 22, 2014
.
11. Waivers/Warranties. NCC 1555, 1592, 1191
Bignay v Union Bank, GR 171590, Feb. 12, 2014
12. Contract of Sale/Contract to Sell
Laforteza v Machuca, 333 SCRA 643 (2000)
Sps. Valenzuela v Kalayaan, GR 163244, June 22, 2009
Montecalvo v Heirs of Eugenia Primero, 624 SCRA 575 (July 9,
2010)
David v Misamis Occidental, July 11, 2012
Diego v Diego, G.R. No. 179965, Feb. 20, 2013
SP. Tumibay vs Sp. Lopez , G.R. No.171692, June 03 2013
Ventura v Heirs of Endaya, G.R. No. 190016, Oct 2, 2013
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013.
Optimum Development Bank v. Spouses Jovellanos, G.R. No. 189145,
December 4, 2013.
Roque v Aguado, GR 193787, April 7, 2014
13. Sale v Agency
Sps. Viloria v Continental, January 2012
14. Recoupment, NCC 1599
16

First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014.

15. Assignment of Credits, NCC 1624-1635
Serfino v FEBTC, G.R. No. 171845, Oct. 10, 2012
* PD 957 (Subdivision Law) and RA 4726 (Condominium Act) under Property. Excluded:
Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 (R.A. No. 8792); Public Land Law, Retail Trade and
Liberalization Act, Bulk Sales Law (Act No. 3952)

LEASE
NCC 1646-1653
Manlaraz v Salazar, 52 O.G. No.2, p. 802
Nava v Yaptinchay, 44 O.G. No. 9, p. 3332
Sime Darby v Goodyear, 2011
Aludos v Suerte, 2012
VSD Realty v Uniwide, GR No. 170677, Oct. 24, 2012
Inocencion vs. Hospicio de San Jose, G.R. Nos. 187308, September 18,
2013
Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105, December 9, 2013.
* Excluded: Household Service, Contract of Labor, and Contract for Piece of Work (included
under Labor Law).

PARTNERSHIP
1. Existence, NCC 1769, 1782
Yulo v. Yang, August 28, 1959
Heirs of Jose Lim, GR 172690, March 3, 2010
J. Tiosejo v Sps. Aug, GR 174149, September 8, 2010
Realubit v Jaso, 2011
2. Liabilities of Partners, NCC 1797, 1799-`1803, 1816-1824
Island Sales v. Pioneers, July 31, 1975, 65 SCRA 554
3. Dissolution, NCC 1832-1834
Singsong v. Isabela Sawmill, supra
4. Limited Partnership, NCC 1844, 1852

17

AGENCY
1. Definition - Yoshizaki v. Joy Training Center, G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013
2. Scope of Authority, NCC 1883
NFA v. IAC, 184 SCRA 166
Urban Bank v Pena, 2011
Country Bankers v Keppel, G.R. No. 166044, June 18, 2012
PETRON v Spouses Jovero, G.R. No. 151038, January 18, 2012
Viloria v Continental Airlines, 2012
Recio v Altamirano, G.R. No. 182349, July 24, 2013
Yoshizaki v. Joy Training Center, G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013
Patrimonio v Gutierrez, GR 187769, June 4, 2014

2. Extinguishment, NCC 1927, 1980

Dela Rama SS v. Tan, May 21, 1956, 99 PHIL 1034
Perez v. PNB. July 30, 1966, 17 SCRA 835
Lim v Saban, GR 163720, December 16, 2004

COMPROMISE
1. Void - NCC 2035, 2037, 2041
Samonte v. Samonte, June 25, 1975, 64 SCRA 24
Garcia v Garcia, November 14, 2011

PREFERENCE OF CREDITS
1. NCC 2241-2251
NCC 110, Labor Code
Carried Lumber v. ACCFA, April 22, 1975, 63 SCRA 411
Consuelo Metal v Planters, 555 SCRA 465
2. Insolvency Law, Act. No. 1956 as amended
Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698

CREDIT TRANSACTIONS
1. Common Provisions NCC 1156, 1249, 1305, 1306, 1316, 1933 and 1934
18

2. Commodatum NCC 1935-1952

Pajuyo v CA, 430 SCRA 492
3. Simple Loan or Mutuum, NCC 1953-1955
Equitable v Ng Sheung Ngor, 541 SCRA 223
Almeda v Bathala Marketing, 542 SCRA 470
MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, Jan 13 2014
PNB v. Tajonera, G.R. No. 195889, September 24, 2014

4. Interest, NCC 1956-1961, 2209, 2212-2213

Nacar v. Gallery Frames, AUGUST 13, 2013, G.R. No. 189871
Benvidez v. Salvador, G.R. No. 173331, December 11, 2013.
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014.
Lumantas v. Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753. January 15, 2014.
De la Paz v L&J Development Company, GR 183360, Sept. 8, 2014
Federal Builders v Foundation Specialists, GR 194507, Sept. 8, 2014
Sun Life v. Tan Kit, G.R. No. 183272, October 15, 2014

5. Chattel Mortgage, NCC 2140-2141, Act 1508

PNB v. Manila Investment, April 29, 1971, 38 SCRA 462
Pameca Wood v CA, 310 SCRA 281
6. Real Estate Mortgage, Act 3135 as amended
Isaguirre v de Lara, 331 SCRA 803
GARCIA V VILLAR, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
Land Bank v Poblete, GR No. 196577, FEB 2 5 2013
Royal Savings Bank v Asia, GR No. 183658, April 10, 2013
Maglasang v Manila Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 171206, SEP 23 2013
Ramirez v. ManilaBank, G.R. No. 198800, December 11, 2013.
PBCOM v. Mary Ann O. Yeung, G.R. No. 179691, December 4, 2013.
UCPB v. Lumbo, G.R. No. 162757, December 11, 2013.
Marquez v - Alindog, G.R. No. 184045, Jan 22 2014
DBP v. Guaria Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758. January 15, 2014
Homeowners v Felonia et al, G.R. No. 189477, FEB 26, 2014
Arguelles v. Malarayat Rural Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 200468, March 19, 2014.
Okabe v Saturnino, G.R. No. 196040, August 26, 2014 [en banc]

7. Pledge, NCC 2093-2123

Ong v Roban Lending, 557 SCRA 516
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8. Guaranty and Suretyship, NCC 2157-2081

Phil-Am v. Ramos, February 28, 1966, 16 SCRA 298
Toh v Solid Bank, 408 SCRA 554
Autocorp Group v Intra Strata, 556 SCRA 250
Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698
Aglibot v Santia, G.R. No. 185945, Dec. 5, 2012
Trade v. Asia, G.R. No. 187403. February 12, 2014.
Lim v Security Bank, GR 188539, March 12, 2014
9. Deposit, NCC 1962-1967
YHT Realty v CA, 451 SCRA 638
10. Truth in Lending Act
UCPB v Beluso, 530 SCRA 567
11. Solutio Indebiti, Arts. 2154-2163
MIAA v COA, G.R. No. 194710, Feb. 14. 2012
PNB v Chong, G.R. No. 170865, April 25, 2012
Asia Trust v Tuble, G.R. No. 183987, July 25, 2012
Metropolitan Bank v Absolute, G.R. No. 170498, Jan. 9, 2013
Carinan v. Cueto, G.R. No. 198636, October 08, 2014
Loria v. Muoz, Jr., G.R. No. 187240, October 15, 2014

PART IV - OTHERS
TORTS
1. Definition of Tort
Vinzons-Chato v Fortune, 525 SCRA 11
2. Elements of Tort
Garcia v Salvador, 518 SCRA 568
Ocean Builders v Spouses Cubacub, GR 150898, April 13, 2011
Unicapital Inc., et al. vs. Consing, Jr,. G.R. No. 175277, September
11, 2013
3. Human Relations
Ardiente v Pastorfide, G.R. No. 161921, July 17, 2013
Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, Jan. 15 2014
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Sesbreno v CA, GR 160689, March 26, 2014

4. Tort/Quasi-Delict
Coca Cola Bottlers v CA, 227 SCRA 292
5. Doctrine of Proximate Cause
Calalas v CA, GR No. 122039, May 31, 2009
Consolidated Bank v CA, 410 SCRA 562
Mamaril v Boy Scouts, G.R. No. 179382, Jan. 14, 2013
6. Negligence
PNR v Brunty, 506 SCRA 685
PNR v CA, GR No. 157658, October 15, 2007
Professional Services v Agana cases, 2007, 2008, and 2010
Perena v Zarate, G.R. No. 157917, Aug. 19, 2012

7. Degrees of Negligence
Ilao-Oreta v Ronquillo, 535 SCRA 633
DBP v. Guaria Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758. January 15, 2014
Solidum v. People, G.R. No. 192123, March 10, 2014.
8. Standard of Conduct
Sicam v Jorge, GR No. 159617, August 8, 2007
Corinthian Gardens v Tanjangco, GR 160795, June 27, 2008
Arguelles v. Malarayat Rural Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 200468, March 19, 2014.
BJDC Construction v. Lanuzo, et al.,G.R. No. 161151, March 24, 2014.

9. Special Circumstances
Heirs of Completo v Albayda, GR 172200, July 6, 2010
Pacis v Morales, GR 169467, Feb. 25, 2010
10. Res Ipsa Loquitur
Professional Services v Agana, 513 SCRA 478
CAP v Belfrantl, 538 SCRA 27
Solidum v People, GR 192123, March 10, 2014
11. Contributory negligence of plaintiff
NPC v Heirs of Casionan, GR No. 165969, November 27, 2008
Lambert v Heirs of Ray, 452 SCRA 285
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Allied Bank v BPI, G.R. No. 188363, Feb. 27, 2013

12. Fortuitous event

Southeastern College v CA, 292 SCRA 422
Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R.
No. 177921, December 4, 2013.
13. Plaintiffs assumption of risk/volenti non fit injuria
Calalas v CA, GR No. 122039, May 31, 2009
Far East Bank v Tentmakers, GR No. 171050, July 4, 2012
14.Tests to determine proximate cause
Lapanday v Angala, 525 SCRA 229
15.Vicarious Liability
a. Parents/Guardians
Libi v IAC, 214 SCRA 16
b. Teachers
St. Josephs College v Jayson Miranda, GR 182353, June 29,
2010
Aquinas School v Inton, GR 184202, Jan. 26, 2011
c. Owners/Managers of Establishments/ Employers
Mercury Drug v Huang, 525 SCRA 427
Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013
16. Interference with contractual relations
Lagon v CA, 453 SCRA 616
Go v Cordero, GR 164703, May 4, 2010
Malvar v Kraft Food, G.R. No. 183952, Sept. 09, 2013
17. Damages, NCC 2195-2196, 2198
Custodio v CA, 235 SCRA 483
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Jose T. Ramirez v. The Manila Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 198800,
December 11, 2013.
MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, Jan 13 2014
Alano v Logmao, GR 175540, April 7, 2014
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18. Actual or compensatory, NCC 2199

Oceaneering Contractors v Baretto, GR 184215, Feb. 9, 2011
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014.

19. Death by crime or quasi-delict, NCC 2206

People v Apacible, GR 189091, Aug. 25, 2010
Crisostomo v People, GR 171526, Sept. 1, 2010
Philippine Hawk v Lee, GR 166869, Feb. 16, 2010
Emilia Lim v Mindanao Wines, 2012
Ochoa v G&S Transport, 2012
20. Attorneys fees, NCC 2208
Sps Andrada v Pilhino Sales, GR 156448, Feb. 23, 2011
Rosario v De Guzman, G.R. 191247, July 10, 2013
Lim v. Security Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 188539, March 12, 2014.
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014.
21. Moral Damages, NCC 2209-2213
Sps Valenzuela v Sps Mano, GR 17266, July 9, 2010
Sulpicio Lines v Curso, GR No. 157009, March 17, 2010
Regala v Carin, GR 188715, April 6, 2011
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Lim, et. al. v. DBP, G.R. No. 177050, July 1, 2013
Lumantas, M.D. v Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753, Jan. 15 2014
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014.
22. Nominal Damages
Sps Guanio v Makati Shangri-La, GR 190601, Feb. 7, 2011
People v Marquez, GR 181440, April 13, 2011
One Network v. Baric, G.R. No. 193684, March 5, 2014.

23. Temperate damages

Tan v OMC Carriers, GR 190521, Jan. 12, 2011
Serrano v People, GR 1752021, July 5, 2010
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014.
24. Liquidated damages, NCC 2226

23

Pentacapital v Mahinay, GR 171736, July 5, 2010

25. Exemplary/Corrective damages, NCC 2230
People v Capanas, GR 172321, Feb. 9, 2011
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
26. Strict Liability
Vestil v IAC, 179 SCRA 47
Caedo v Yu Khe Thai, 135 Phil 399
QC v Decara, GR No. 150304, June 15, 2005
Dingcong v Kanaan, 72 Phil 14
Alarcon v Alarcon, 112 Phil 389
ALSO: Secs. 97, 99, 106 Consumers Act, Rep. Act 7394

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LAND TITLES AND DEEDS

1. Torrens System
Legarda v. Saleeby, 31 Phil 590 (1915)
Capitol v. Province of Negros Occidental, 7 SCRA 60 (1963)
Valientes v Ramas, G.R. No. 157852, December 15, 2010
Landbank v Poblete, GR 196577,Feb. 25, 2013
Zulueta v Espina, Feb. 25, 2012
Cagatao v Almonte, October 9, 2013
Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013.
Heirs of Sarili, et al v Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, Jan. I5 2014
Vilbar v Opinion, G.R. No. 176043, Jan. 15, 2014
Locsin v.. Hizon, G.R. No. 204369, September 17, 2014

2. Regalian Doctrine
Republic v Medida, G .R. No. 195097, Aug. 3, 2012
Republic v Santos, G.R. No. 180027, July 18, 2012
Republic v Lachica, G.R. No. 157485, March 26, 2014.

3. Citizenship Requirement
SEE: cases under Family Law
4. Original Registration
Republic v Bantigue, G. R. No. 162322, March 14, 2012
Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013.
Republic v Cortez, G.R. No. 186639, Feb. 05 2014
Fortuna v. Republic, G.R. No. 173423, March 5, 2014.

5. Subsequent Registration
6. Non-registrable Properties
7. Dealings with Unregistered Lands
Republic v. Roxas, G.R. No. 157988, December 11, 2013.
*Exclude: History of land laws, Remedies sufficiently covered under Remedial Law,
Registration of judgments, orders and partitions, Assurance fund, Registration of patents,
Administrative structure of the Register of Deeds, Consultas

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