Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Definitions:
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
Oxygen, in a compound or ion, is -2
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
Use the combined charges of the oxygens in each
ion or compound to determine the oxidation number
of Cr or C.
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
-14
-8
-4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
-14
-8
-4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
+12
-14
+6
-8
+3
+4 -4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
+12
+6
+3
+4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
1. Assign oxidation numbers to every atom in the
reaction.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
+12/2=+6
+6/2=+3
+3
+4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
2. Write bare bones half reactions.
Include only the atom, ion or element that
changes oxidation number.
Cr+6 + 3e- Cr+3
C+3 C+4 + 1eRemember that each half reaction must also be
balanced for charge. The total charges on the
left must equal the total charges on the right.
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
3. Take into account any subscripts in the
formulas of reactants and products, and
multiply the half reactions accordingly.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
2[Cr+6 + 3e- Cr+3]
2[C+3 C+4 + 1e-]
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
3. Take into account any subscripts in the
formulas of reactants and products, and
multiply the half reactions accordingly.
Cr2O72- + C2O42- Cr3+ + CO2
2Cr+6 + 6e- 2 Cr+3
2C+3 2 C+4 + 2e-
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
4. Multiply each half reaction by the appropriate
factor so that the number of electrons lost =
number of electrons gained.
1[2Cr+6 + 6e- 2 Cr+3]
3[2C+3 2 C+4 + 2e-]
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
4. Multiply each half reaction by the appropriate
factor so that the number of electrons lost =
number of electrons gained.
2Cr+6 + 6e- 2 Cr+3
6C+3 6 C+4 + 6e-
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
4. Add the two half reactions together.
2Cr+6 + 6e- 2 Cr+3
6C+3 6 C+4 + 6e2Cr+6 + 6C+3 2 Cr+3 + 6 C+4
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
4. Add the two half reactions together.
2Cr+6 + 6e- 2 Cr+3
6C+3 6 C+4 + 6e2Cr+6 + 6C+3 2 Cr+3 + 6 C+4
At this point, the electrons lost = the electrons
gained during the reaction.
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
5. You now have the number of each atom that
undergoes oxidation or reduction in the balanced
equation. Take any subscripts into account when
inserting coefficients.
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
6. Balance the reaction for charge, using OH- (if in
base) or H+ (if in acid).
The equation below takes place in acid:
Cr2O72- + 3C2O42- 2Cr3+ + 6CO2
Charges: -2 + -6 = -8 (left) +6 (right)
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
Cr2O72- + 3C2O42- 2Cr3+ + 6CO2
Charges: -2 + -6 = -8 (left) +6 (right)
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
14 H+ + Cr2O72- + 3C2O42- 2Cr3+ + 6CO2
Charges on left = +6 = Charges on right
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
7. Balance for H and O by adding water to the
appropriate side of the reaction.
14 H+ + Cr2O72- + 3C2O42- 2Cr3+ + 6CO2 + 7 H2O
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions:
8. Check the balance for all atoms in the reaction.
14 H+ + Cr2O72- + 3C2O42- 2Cr3+ + 6CO2 + 7 H2O
Left: 14 H
2 Cr
19 O
6C
Right: 14 H
2 Cr
19 O
6C
Redox Stoichiometry
Redox Stoichiometry
Redox Stoichiometry