LATIN AMERICAN PEOPLES WIN INDEPENDENCE

Directions: After reading the document below, please answer the following questions completely and
thoroughly in complete sentence format.
Background Question:
1. What three factors motivated the people of Latin America to rebel against their European controllers?
They have learned about Enlightenment ideas and saw how well the American Revolution went.
Haitian Independence
1. Who controlled the colony of Haiti and what two leaders where responsible for their independence?
Toussaint LOuverture controlled Haiti after leading them to their independence there was also Jean-Jacques Dessalines who
was TLs loieutenant.
2. Why were they able to win their independence so quickly and easily?
Oppressed people originally from France rose against their French masters and then the Africans rose against them leading
everyone else to follow with the revolt.
3.

How was this movement for independence different from revolutions in the rest of Latin America? [You will have to
answer this question after reading the entire document.] the movement for independence opposed from every other
form of revolution would be

Viceroyalty of Peru
1. Identify and explain the specific events on the European continent effected the movement for independence in Peru.
Europeans became more educated and decided that they wanted the land convincing the other groups that the king was not
loyal so why should they be loyal to him. This was done by Napoleon and his brother Joseph who soon became the king of
Peru.
2.

The movement from independence was spearheaded by what two creoles. Who were they and explain how they
were able to gain it.
This was done by napoleon and his brother joseph. They were opened up by the groups in Peru by showing them how much
better life would be without the king, this ultimately lead to Joseph becoming king and the Peru people becoming loyal to
Joseph and Napoleon only.
3. What name did they give to the independent viceroyalty?
Viceroyalty of Peru was a Spanish colonial.
Viceroyalty of New Spain
1. How did the movement for independence differ from that of Peru?
They did not produce a full social revolution
2. The movement began with the leadership of what two leaders? Explain their rebellion and its successes/failures.
Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin. Bolivar was exiled on numerous occasions
3.

Ironically, a creole DID eventually was successful in gaining freedom from Spain. Who was he, and whey did favor
independence in 1820 when he did not earlier?
Agustin de Iturbide won the freedom by originally defeating Jose Maria Morelos and then rallying all of Mexico together to
claim independence in 1821.
4.

What government/title did this liberator give the newly independent viceroyalty? What happened to his
government?
He turned it into a dictatorship which he was emperor of the land and then he was overthrown in Mexico and the proclaimed
their new nation The United Provinces of Central America.

Brazil
1. Why was this colony governed differently than the Spanish colonies just prior to independence?
It was governed differently because when napoleon came over the Portuguese family fled to their Brazilian home leaving
their youngest son to have control.

2. How did the movement for independence differ in this Portuguese colony than those of the Spanish colonies?
This independence revolution was different from all the other Spanish colonies because they asked Pedro for their
independence and he agreed to it, so there was no violence in anyway.